英语肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解

一、be动词：am, is, are

二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义

1．肯定句：表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定词“不”。

比如：我是一个学生 I am a student.

他去上学 He goes to school.

2．否定句：表示否定的意思。

比如：我不是一个男孩。 I am not a boy

他不去上学 He does not go to school.

3. 一般疑问句：回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。

比如：你是一个学生吗？ Are you a student?

你喜欢英语吗？ Do you like English?

4. 特殊疑问句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句，根据提问内容具体回答。

比如：现在几点了？ What’s the time?

哪一支笔是你的？ Which is your pen?

三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换

word/media/image2.gif肯定句变否定句：在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。

肯定句变一般疑问句：把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。

肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤

第一步：先变一般疑问句

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。

注意：1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是，如果或主语的定语时，，为""。

如：Li ming 's not here today.　　Who's not here today? 今天谁没来？

2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。

例如：

1． 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换

肯定句：This is a book.

否定句：This is a book.

一般疑问句：Is this a book?

肯定回答：Yes, it is.

否定回答：No, it isn’t.

2． 就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句)

This is a book.

第一步：变一般疑问句 Is this a book?

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。

What is this?

word/media/image4.gif肯定句变否定句：在后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形

肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意：动词用原形

肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤

第一步：先变一般疑问句

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。

注意：1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是，如果或主语的定语时，，为""。

2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。

非单三时用do, 单三时用does

word/media/image2.gif非单三 肯定句：I like English.

一般疑问句： you like English?

否定句：I like English.

word/media/image2.gif单三 肯定句：He likes English.

一般疑问句： he like English?

否定句：He like English.

就划线部分提问：I like English.

第一步：先变一般疑问句 you like English?

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分 you like what?

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。

What do you like?

特殊疑问句练习

一.将下列句子变成一般疑问句

1 Mr Wang is thirsty __________________________?

elephant’s ears are long __________________________?

like birds _________________________?

are his mother __________________________?

can sing and dance. ___________________________?

二 将下列每组词各组成一句特殊疑问句

1.(you are how). _________________________?.

2.(old how Ben is)_________________________?

is what your shirt_________________________?

4.(can see what the on you desk ) ________________________?

5.(like what do you)_________________________?

三、选择正确的单词填空　　(who, where, when)

is that pretty girl? She is my sister.

are Jack and Tom? They are behind you.

do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday.

has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower.

are they? They are my parents.

is my mother? She is in the living room.

are you going? We are going to the bakery(面包坊).

do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon.

does he jog? He jogs in the park.

are you from? I'm from Changchun city.

四、用what time, what color, what day, what填空。

1. A: ______ _______ is it?   B: It is nine o'clock.

2. A: ______ _______ does your mother get up?

B: My mother gets up at 6:30.

3. A: ______ _______ do you go to bed? B: I go to bed at 10:00.

4. A: ______ _______ do Diana and Fiona have supper?

　B: Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00.

5. A: ______ _______is it? B: It is purple.

6. A: ______ _______ is the sky? B: The sky is blue.

7. A: ______ _______ is your coat? B: My coat is black.

8. A: ______ _______ is the dog? B: The dog is white.

9. A: ______ _______ is today? B: Today is Monday.

10. A: ______ _______ is tomorrow? B: Tomorrow is Tuesday.

11. A: ______ _______ was yesterday(昨天)? B: Yesterday was Sunday.

12. A: ______ _______ do you like? B: I like red.

13. A: ______ is this? This is a computer(电脑).

14. A: ______ are you doing? B: We are playing basketball.

15. A: ______ does your mother do? B: My mother is a policewoman.

16. A: ______ are those? B: Those are peppers(辣椒).

17. A: ______ is in the box? B: A lovely doll is in the box.

18. A: ______ is on the table? B: The apple is on the table.

19. A: ______ is in the classroom? The blackboard is in the classroom.

五、连线：（Match）

1. What's on the chair?             There is a book in the bag.

2. How is your father?               These are apples.

3. What are these?                   I go to school by bus.

4. What is in the bag?               The radio is on the chair.

5. How do you go to school?       My father is fine.

6. How much is it?                  I wash my face in the morning.

7. What time is it?                  I have two hands.

8. When do you wash your face?     It is four o'clock.

9. How many hands do you have?    It is 5 RMB(人民币).

10. When do you have lunch?          I have lunch at noon.

一般疑问句

一、什么是一般疑问句

用Yes或No作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。一般疑问句还有下列特点：

1、以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头；例：Is your father a teacher? Does Jack like animals? Can Lucy speak English?

2、往往读升调；

3、译成汉语，都可以带上“吗”，例如上面三句可分别译为：你父亲是老师吗？杰克喜欢动物吗？露丝会说英语吗？

二、如何将陈述句变成一般疑问句？

要将陈述句变成一般疑问句，可以遵循下列步骤：

1) 看句中有没有be动词（am、is、 are、 was、 were）、助动词（do、does、did、 have、 had）或情态动词（can、must、will、may等），

2) 有，直接将它们提至主语前，句末打上问号即可。

例：It was rainy yesterday.

→Was it rainy yesterday?

Tom's father can play the piano.

→Can Tom's father play the piano?

I have finished my homework.

→Have you finished your homework?

3) 如果句中没有be动词、助动词或情态动词，则根据谓语动词的形式借助do的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是：如果谓语动词是原形，则借do；

如果谓语动词是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，则借does；

如果谓语动词是过去式，则借did.

需要注意的是，借does或did后，原句的谓语动词要变回原形。

例：They go to school by bike.

→Do they go to school by bike?

Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.

→Does bill gets up at 6:30 every day?

The students saw a film yesterday.

→Did the students see a film yesterday?

三.陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项

陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外，还应注意下列几点：

1.如果陈述句中有第一人称，则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。

例：I usually have lunch at school.

→Do you usually have lunch at school?

My father is playing soccer.

→Is your father playing soccer?

2.如果陈述句中有some, 则变问句时往往要变成any 。

例： There is some water on the playground.

→Is there any water on the playground?

3.复合句变一般疑问句通常只变主句，从句不变。

例：I know he comes from Canada.

→Do you know he comes from Canada?

4．如果句中含有实义动词have且表示“有”时,除借do外，也可将其直接提到句首。

例：I have some friends in America.

→Have you any friends in America?/Do you have any friends in America?

四.一般疑问句的回答

一般疑问句往往采用简短回答，共由三部分（三个单词）组成，对这三部分（三个单词）的确定可以概括例下：

1.第一个词：不是Yes就是No。（有时根据语气的不同，Yes可由Sure, Certainly, Of course等代替.NO可由sorry 代替.）

2.第二个词：问谁答谁。即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致（但必须用主格代词）。

例：Does she clean her room every day? Yes, she does.

Is Anna′s father a doctor? No，he isn′t.

如果主语是 this that,回答时用 it 代替，如果问句中主语these, those,回答时用 they′ 代替。

3.第三个词：用什么问，用什么答。即沿用问句中的引导词。

Can Jim play soccer? Yes, he can./Does Mr Bean speak English? Yes, he does. 需要注意问题：（1）.用 may 引导的问句，肯定回答用may，否定回答用 can′t 或mustn′t，用 must 引导的问句，肯定回答用 must，否定回答用needn′t.

例：May I go to the park now? Yes, you may. /No, you mustn′t.

Must I wash my clothes now? Yes, you must. /No, you needn′t.

4．用No开头作否定回答时,结尾要加上 not。因为回答必须是三部分，所以否定回答必须缩写，而肯定回答不能缩写。

例:Did Thomas come here yesterday? Yes, he did./ No ,he didn′t.

Is Lin Lin in Class 3? Yes, she is. / No, she isn′t.或（No, she′s not）.

特殊疑问句

以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what who whose which when where how why等。

特殊疑问句有两种语序：

１．如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？如：

who is singing in the room﹖

whose bike is broken﹖

２．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？　如：

what class are you in﹖

What does she look like﹖

Where are you from﹖

What time does he get up every morning﹖

How do you know﹖

特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？

eg:Where do you do study English?

特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其他？

eg:Why is your Mum so angry?

特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？

eg:What can I do for you?

注意：

１．回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes ／ no，即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。如：

Who is from Canada﹖

Helen (is)．

Where's the restaurant﹖

Near the station．

Why do you like koalas﹖

Because they are cute．

一、把陈述句变为一般疑问句

1. His father is an English teacher.

2. These cats are crying.

3. They can swim.

4. I like to read English.

5. I go to school on foot.

6. He likes English.

7. His father goes to work by bus.

8. He is crying under the tree.

9. His birthday is on the twentieth of November.

10. Mrs. Li and Kitty are in a big shop.

11. Kitty is wearing her new uniform.

12. The boy under the tree is hungry.

13. He goes to school every day.

15. I want to have a model car.

16. She wants a cup of coffee.

17. Mrs. Li and Kitty watch television at night.

18. I do my homework after school.

is a student. _______________________________________？

can clean the classroom. ________________________________________？

are in the zoo. ________________________________________？

are some flowers in the ？

is my sister. _________________________________________？

are sweeping on the floor. __________________________________________？

need some masks. _________________________________

二、请将下列各题做出肯定，否定回答：

this a box? Yes, ___ ,________ ________.

Mike your brother? Yes,______ ,_______ ________.

Peter at home? Yes,______ ,_______ ________.

your uncle read books? Yes,______ _____No, _______

they ducks? Yes,______ , _______ ________.

this your T-shirt? Yes,______________. No,_______ ________.

that a teacher `s desk? Yes, ________is. No, ________ is't.

your brother like play football?

Yes,______ , _______ ________.

you use a computer? Yes,______ , _______ ________.

there a forest in the park?

Yes,______ , _______ ________.

there any fish in the rivers?

Yes,______ , _______ ________.

the trash bin behind the door?

Yes,______ , _______ ________.

特殊疑问句练习题（一）

一、选择正确的单词填空

(who, where, when)

is that pretty girl? She is my sister. are Jack and Tom? They are behind you.

do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday.

has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower.

are they? They are my parents.

is my mother? She is in the living room.

are you going? We are going to the bakery(面包坊).

do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon.

does he jog? He jogs in the park.

are you from? I'm from Changchun city.

二、就画线部分提问

is my father.

are under the tree.

often watch TV after dinner.(晚饭后) 提示：饭后强调的是时间问题。

swims in the swimming pool.(游泳池)

flies in the sky.

often brush my teeth in the evening.

likes to play with Bill.

's father plays badminton(羽毛球) every weekend.

supermarket is near the school.

laptop(笔记本电脑) is on the table.

has a pair of earrings(耳环).

flowers are in the flower pot(花盆).

grandpa took us to the zoo.

put the gold fish(金鱼) into the fish tank(鱼缸).

 monkey sleeps at night.

特殊疑问句练习（二）

一．用what time, what color, what day, what填空。

1. A: ______ _______ is it?   B: It is nine o’clock.

2. A: ______ _______ does your mother get up?  B: My mother gets up at 6:30.

3. A: ______ _______ do you go to bed? B: I go to bed at 10:00.

4. A: ______ _______ do Diana and Fiona have supper? B: Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00.

5. A: ______ _______is it? B: It is purple.

6. A: ______ _______ is the sky? B: The sky is blue.

7. A: ______ _______ is your coat? B: My coat is black.

8. A: ______ _______ is the dog? B: The dog is white.

9. A: ______ _______ is today? B: Today is Monday.

10. A: ______ _______ is tomorrow? B: Tomorrow is Tuesday.

11. A: ______ _______ was yesterday(昨天)? B: Yesterday was Sunday.

12. A: ______ _______ do you like? B: I like red.

13. A: ______ is this? This is a computer(电脑).

14. A: ______ are you doing? B: We are playing basketball.

15. A: ______ does your mother do? B: My mother is a policewoman.

16. A: ______ are those? B: Those are peppers(辣椒).

17. A: ______ is in the box? B: A lovely doll is in the box.

18. A: ______ is on the table? B: The apple is on the table.

19. A: ______ is in the classroom? The blackboard is in the classroom.

20. A: ______ ______ ______? B: Mary is hungry.

二．连线：（Match）

1. What’s on the chair?       A  There is a book in the bag.

2. How is your father?          B These are apples.

3. What are these?            C  I go to school by bus.

4. What is in the bag?        D The radio is on the chair.

5. How do you go to school?   E My father is fine.

6. How much is it?         F I wash my face in the morning.

7. What time is it?           G  I have two hands.

8. When do you wash your face?      H  It is four o’clock.

9. How many hands do you have?     I It is 5 RMB(人民币).

do you have lunch?         J I have lunch at noon.

小学英语一般疑问句和特殊疑问句