英语时态

初中阶段应掌握的时态共有八种，即一般现在时，一般将来时，一般过去时，现在进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，现在完成时，过去完成时。现从结构，作用，时间状语三方面加以介绍。

● 动词形式分五种：1.动词原形→ 2.第三人称单数→ 3.过去式→ 4.过去分词→ 5.现在分词

一、一般现在时

其结构为：be动词 肯定句 主语+am，is，are+其它。

否定句 主语+am，is，are + not+其它。

一般疑问句 Am，Is，Are+主语+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+am，is，are+主语+其它？

实意动词 1）主语为第一，二人称及第三人称复数时

肯定句 主语+动词原形+其它。

否定句 主语+don't+动词原形+其它。

一般疑问句 Do +主语+动词原形+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+do+主语+动词原形+其它？

2）主语为第三人称单数时

肯定句 主语+动词第三人称单数 +其它。

否定句 主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它。

一般疑问句 Does+主语+动词原形+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+does+主语+动词原形+其它？

其作用为：表示习惯性，经常性的动作；表示现在的状态与特征；表示普遍真理

其常用时间状语为often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday(week，year...), in the morning（afternoon，evening）等。

Ex . 1. _______ she _______ (go)to the library every Sunday?

此题为习惯性动作，答案为Does，go.

2.They often _______(swim)in summer.

此题为经常性动作，答案为swim.

3.______(be)everyone here?

此题表示现在的状态,答案为Is.

4.The earth______(travel) round the sun.

此题表示普遍真理,答案为travels.

二、一般过去时

其结构为：be动词 肯定句 主语+was，were+其它。

否定句 主语+was，were + not+其它。

一般疑问句 Was，Were+主语+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+was，were+主语+其它？

实意动词 肯定句 主语+动词过去式+其它。

否定句 主语+didn't+动词原形+其它。

一般疑问句 Did+主语+动词原形+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？

其作用为：表示过去的情况或过去习惯性动作

其常用时间状语为 yesterday，the day before yesterday，...ago，last...及其它表过去的时间，如in 1998 等.

Ex. 1.I_____the number down on a piece of paper a moment ago.

A write B writed C wrote D writing

此题表过去的情况，且write为不规则动词，答案为C.

2.Everything______ready before Father came.

A were B was C is D are

此题句中暗示为过去时，且everything后跟第三人称单数，答案为B.

3.He always _______me last term.

A helped B helps C helping D help

此题表过去习惯性动作，且help为规则动词，答案为A.

三、一般将来时

其结构为：be动词 肯定句 主语+will be+其它。

否定句 主语+will not be+其它。

一般疑问句 Will+主语be+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+will+主语+be+其它？

实意动词 肯定句 主语+will+动词原形+其它。

否定句 主语+won't+动词原形+其它。

一般疑问句 Will+主语+动词原形+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其它？

当主语是第一人称时，助动词可为 shall.且若为疑问句只能为shall.

其作用为:表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态.

也可用 主语+am，is，are＋going to do+动词原形+其它来表示计划，打算或决定要做的事情。

对于很快就会发生的事，还可用进行时态表将来，但常局限于有位置移动色彩的动词，如go，come，leave等。

其常用时间状语为 tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，next...，in+时间段及其它表将来的时间，如in 2010 等.

Ex. 1.Hurry up，or you_______(be)late.

2.What_____you________(do)tomorrow?

3.They_______(have) 6 subjects next term.

4.I think it________ again later in the day .

A rains B will going to rain C is going to rain D will be rain

5.Where________this time next year?

A will you be B will be you C you will be D will you going to be

四、现在进行时

其结构为: 肯定句 主语+ am，is，are+现在分词+其他.

否定句 主语+ am，is，are +not+现在分词+其他.

一般疑问句 Am，Is，Are+主语+现在分词+其他?

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+am，is，are+主语+现在分词+其他?

其作用为:表示说话当时正在发生的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作

其常用时间状语为 now，this week，these days 等,也可是置于句首的 Look，Listen.

现在进行时也可表示最近按计划安排将进行的动作,常会有一个表将来的时间状语。但仅限于少量词语，如go，come，leave，arrive 等。

注：表态度,情感的动词和感官动词不能用于进行时态（like，know，want，hear等）

Ex. 1.They are planting trees on the hill. （改为否定句）

They are not planting trees on the hill.

2.Tom is writing a letter to his friend. (改为一般疑问句)

Is Tom writing a letter to his friend?

3.I am getting ready to run. (就划线部分提问)

What are you getting ready to do?

五、过去进行时

其结构为: 肯定句 主语+was，were+现在分词+其他.

否定句 主语+was，were＋not＋现在分词+其他.

一般疑问句 Was，Were+主语+现在分词+其他?

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+was，were+主语+现在分词+其他?

其作用为：表示过去某个时刻或时段正在进行的动作。

其时间状语为：at this time＋过去时间 (at this time yesterday)，at that time， at＋具体时间点+过去时间（at 9:00 o'clock last night），from 具体时间点 to 具体时间点+过去时间(from 7:00 to 10:00 yesterday morning)。

过去进行时还可以与一般过去时搭配用于时间状语从句中。强调动作延续时用过去进行时，强调动作瞬间发生时用一般过去时。常用连词为when，while.

Ex. 1.He __________(not work) at that time.

wasn't working.

2.When the teacher_________(come)in，they_________(talk) loudly.

came 为瞬间发生的动作,were talking 为持续的动作。

3.What______you_______(read) last night?

如此题强调的是昨夜正在读什么，则答案为 were，reaing如此题强调的是昨夜读了什么，则答案为 did，read

4.His mother ________(return)while he_______(do)his homework.

returned为瞬间发生的动作,was doing 为持续的动作。

5.My father______(watch)TV while my mother_________(cook).

was watching，was cooking 两动词均为持续的动作。while 后的从句动词必须为进行时态。若主句和从句均为进行时，连词必须为 while .

六、现在完成时

其结构为：肯定句 主语+ have，has +过去分词+其它。

否定句 主语+ have，has +not+过去分词+其它。

一般疑问句 Have，Has+ 主语+过去分词+其它?

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ have，has+主语+过去分词+其它?

其作用与时间状语：

1）表示过去发生的动作影响到现在，常与 already, yet, ever, never, just, before 等副词连用。

2）表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，常与表一段时间的时间状语连用。如 for+时间段, since+过去时间，提问用How long.

此外，so far, in (during) the last (past)+时间段 也是该时态的时间状语。

现在完成时强调过去与现在的联系，而一般过去时只强调过去的动作，与现在无关。

在现在完成时的第二个作用中，必须使用持续性动词，故某些表瞬间的动词需要特定的转换形式。

如：die---have been dead，open---have been open, close---have been closed，buy---have had, borrow---have kept

arrive (in，at),come(to)+ a place---have been in +a place，leave+ a place---have been away from+ a place，join+团体---have been in+团体,have been a+团体成员等

Ex. 1 How long have you ______the book?

A borrowed B kept C lent D bought

答案为B。因此处需要一个持续性动词。

2.We _________each other since he ______.

A didn't see，left B haven't seen，has left C haven't seen，left

答案为C.因since的主句为现在完成时，从句为过去时。

3.____he______(wait) for you for an hour? Has，waited

4.We________just______(have) our lunch. Have，had

5.So far, no man_________(visit) this village. has visited

七、过去将来时

其结构为：be动词 肯定句 主语+would be+其它。

否定句 主语+would not be+其它。

一般疑问句 Would+主语+be+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+would+主语+be+其它？

实意动词 肯定句 主语+Would+动词原形+其它。

否定句 主语+wouldn't+动词原形+其它。

一般疑问句 Would+主语+动词原形+其它？

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+would+主语+动词原形+其它？

注：也可用 was，were＋going to do 的结构来表示。

其作用为:表示从过去某时看将要发生的事情.此时态常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。

Ex. 1.Linda told me that she________(go)to the park the next day. would go

2.We didn't know when he________(arrive)until he called us. would arrive

3.They asked if they ________(visit )the farm by bus. were going to visit

八、过去完成时

其结构为：肯定句 主语+ had + 过去分词+其它。

否定句 主语+ had + not+过去分词+其它。

一般疑问句 Had+ 主语+ 过去分词+其它?

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ had+ 主语+过去分词+其它?

其作用为：过去某时之前已发生的动作或情况，即过去的过去，与现在无关。

此时态常用于

1）以by，before+过去时间，时间段+before，the (week...)before为时间状语的简单句中。

2）主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中。

3）与一般过去时搭配，用于when，after，before引导的时间状语从句中

Ex. 1.We ____(be) there twice by the end of last year. had been

2.They_________(finish)the work before 1998. had finished

3.He said he ________(see) the film the week before. had seen

4.The sun________(rise) when he got up. had risen

5.Yesterday,I ________(leave)the classroom after I ______(clean) it.

left had cleaned

现在完成时中，关于终止性动词与持续性动词的要求，在过去完成时中，依然适用。

EXERCISES

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.I usually (get) up at six，but yesterday I (get) up at seven, and tomorrow I (get) up at eight.

2.When I got there, you already (start) playing.

3.She (draw) a horse at this time yesterday.

4.We (study) in this school for 3 years.

5.If it (not rain) tomorrow, they (go) fishing.

6.Lily said that she (put) on the new dress the next day.

7.How many times the girl (see) the film since last year?

8.Jack (collect) more than two hundred Chinese stamps.

9.By the end of last month, he (teach) us four English songs.

10.The doctors (operate) on the sick boy now.

11.My brother (speak) French well.

12.There (be) a volleyball match on the playground tomorrow afternoon.

13.Look,the students (have) a physics lesson in the lab.

14.When we (arrive) home yesterday afternoon, the wind (blow) hard.

15.We never (hear) the story of Miss Evans before.

16.I (not write) to my friend Mike for a long time.

17.Please (not open) the window. It (be) cold outside.

18.Hurry up! We (wait) for you.

19.Listen! Someone (knock) at the door.

20.Do you know if he (come) next week?

21.Soon they (build) a high way between the two cities.

22.I just (buy) a dictionary. I (buy) it last week. Now, I (look) up a word in it.

23.He (finish) junior middle school in July 1997.

24.Kate's sister (play) the piano wonderfully.

25.We didn't get the tickets because our teacher (give) them all to the other class.

26. it (take) you half an hour to finish your homework yesterday?

27.The teacher told us that we (not have) a maths test the next Monday.

28. the bus (come) yet?

29.These foreign friends (be) to the Great Wall twice.

30.Jim isn't at home. He (go) to his uncle's.

31."Mother,may I go out and play?"

" you (clean) your bedroom?"

"Yes, I (do) it five minutes ago."

32.The boy is not hungry. He (have) his lunch.

33.I think the suit (fit) me before long though it (not fit) me now.

34.As soon as the rain (stop),they (go) out and played happily.

35.They (call) you in a day or two.

36.I (tell) her the news as soon as she (come) back. I promise you.(我答应你)

37.Her aunt (study) in Germany at this time last year.

38 you (read) this book? No, but I (borrow) one from the library .Would you like to go with me?

39.Please keep quiet. Can't you see we (talk) about something important?

40.Our teacher often (work) at night but she usually (go) to work on time.

二、单项选择、填空

( )1.---Where is Kate? ---She _____ to England.

A．has been B．has gone C．will be D．will go

( )2.What____he_____ when his mother opened the door?

A．did，do B． had done C ．will do D． was，doing

( )3.---How long _____the man_____? ---For 4 years.

A．has，died B．did，die C． was，died D．has，been dead

( )4.She told us that she ________ our factory the next day.

A． had visited B． was visited C． would visit D．will visit

( )5.We _____ not go to the cinema if it _______this afternoon.

A．will，will snow B． will，snows C．do，snows D．do，will snow

( )6.Mr Lee said he _____ never _____to Japan.

A．has，gone B． has，been C． had，gone D．had，been

( )7.The earth _____ around the sun all the year.

A． has moved B ．moved C．moves D． will move

( )8.He_______his bike，he has to walk to school.

A． lost B． loses C． has lost D． had lost

( )9.I was late for the meeting. When I reached there，all the people____.

A．had left B． has been left C．has left D．had been away

( )10.Two years has passed since I ______you the first time.

A．meet B． have met C． met D．had met

( )11.I ________in Beijing for half a year now.

A． was B．have come C．had come D．have been

( )12.When we _______the railway station，the train _____for 5 minutes.

A．got to，had been away B． reached，had left

C．arrived，has been away D． arrived at，has left

( )13.---_____ we go and see Liu Ming tomorrow?

---Good idea! He _____be very pleased.

A． Will，will B． Shall，will C． Shall，shall D． Will，shall

( )14.The story _______in London in1940.

A． happened B． has happened C．happens D． was happening

( )15.Look，the birds ______ towards the south. They _____ to the south every year.

A．are flying，flies B．fly，are flying

C．are flying，fly D．were flying，flew

( )16.How long have you ____the book?

A． bought B． borrowed C． keep D． had

( )17.I have _____the USA for two months.

A． been to B． gone to C． been in D． went

( )18.We_______millions of trees on the hills in a few years' time.

A．have planted B．planted C． will plant D． plant

( )19.They_______a film this evening.

A．see B．are seeing C．shall see D．are going to see

( )20.My brother ________a League member for three years.

A． has been B． has become C． has joined D．was

( )21.He knew Beijing very well because he ______there many times.

A． had been B． went C． has been D．was

( )22.His uncle _____the Army two years ago.

A． joins B． joined C．has joined D．has been in

( )23.He____there already.

A． arrives B． arrived C． has arrived D． has been

( )24.Please______to me as soon as you ________ there.

A． write，get B． wrote，got C． writing，get D． write，will get

( )25.He_____some friends and he often ______ them during his stay in Tokyo.

A． has, visits B． has, visited C． had, visited D． had, visits

( )26.How often _____you ____to the park when you were in Tianjin?

A． do, go B． did, go C． will, go D． have, gone

( )27.What do you________ do tomorrow?

A． want to B． going to C． go to D． like to

( )28.The students _____ on a farm for ten days. Then they ____ to a factory.

Though they _____ back at school, they still remembered those famers and workers.

A． have stayed，went，were B． had stayed，go，are

C． have stayed，go，have been D． had stayed，went，were

( )29.It ______ Thursday tomorrow.

A． is going to be B． will going to be C． will D． will be

( )30.I _______ him since we last met in 1998.

A． don't see B． haven't seen C． didn't see D． have seen

( )31.My mother often _________ clothes last summer.

A． wash B． washes C． washed D． is washing

( )32.He_______always late for school when he was young.

A． is B． was C． will be D． were

( )33.He usually _____to school by bus.

A．go B． went C． goes D． will go

( )34.Last summer I went to Beijing and ______ there for one month.

A． have stayed B． stays C． stay D． had stayed

( )35.Last night, my father _____ reading the book for about 2 hours.

A． keeps B． had kept C． kept D． has kept

( )36.Do you know that sound ________ much more slowly than light.

A． go B． went C． goes D． will go

( )37.As soon as he __________ home, he will have a bath.

A． get B． will get C． gets D． is getting

( )38.He fell asleep while he ______a book.

A read B was reading C is reading D had read

( )39.Look, someone ______a picture on the blackboard. How beautiful it looks!

A． draws B． is drawing C．has drawn D． drew

( )40.Look at the empty room. All the guests_________.

A． are, leaving B． left C． have left D． will leave

( )41.Look,Susan!What a beautiful dress my mother ________me!

A． is buying B． has bought C． buys D． bought

( )42.His father died when he _______ a child.

A is B was C had been D has been

( )43.We arrived after the film_______.

A． has started B． had started

C． was started D． had been started

( )44.Let's wait till the rain_______.

A ．has stopped B． will stop C． is stopping D． stops

( )45.It ____5 years since we knew each other.

A． is B． had been C． will be D． was

( )46.She ____sad since you went away.

A． has been B． is C． was D． had been

( )47.I _____him for two months.

A． got to know B． have got to know C．have know D．knew

( )48.That's why you ______so worried in the last few days.

A． are B． have been C． had been D． were

( )49.The scientist ________us a talk on air by then.

A． gave B． will give C．gives D． had given

( )50._____5:30 yesterday，they had finished th work.

A． At B． In C． On D． By

( )51.I think he will be back ____three days .

A． after B． in C． on D． later

( )52.I think he will be back ______three o'clock.

A．after B． in C． on D．later

( )53.Where is Jim? He _______his lessons in the classroom.

A． does B． is doing C． has done D． did

( )54. Where is Jim? He ______to London.

A． has gone B． goes C． went D． will go

( )55.When he got to the cinema，the film had ____for half an hour.

A． begun B． been on C． started D． been in

( )56.---Did you see him last night? ---No, he _____to bed when I got home.

A． went B． had gone C． has gone D． had been

( )57.---_____you _____the medicine? ---Yes，I ______it after lunch.

A． Did take，took B． have taken，have taken

C． Have taken，took D． will take，takes

( )58.Judy_______the Great Wall twice，and now she still ____to go there.

A． went to，wanted B． goes to，wants

C． has gone to，wants D． has been to，wants

( )59.---Excuse me. Look at the sign：No smoking. ---Sorry, I ____ it.

A． don't see B． didn't see C． haven't seen D． won't see

( )60.Tom has worked there ______ two years ago.

A．for B． at C． in D． since

( )61.I______you for a long time. Where _____ you_______?

A didn't see，did go B didn't see，have gone

C haven't seen，have been D haven't seen，have gone

( )62.He has _____been to Shanghai，has he?

A． already B． never C． ever D． still

( )63.---Tom _______out. ---Oh，has he? What time ____ he _____ out?

A． is，did，go B． went，is，going

C． has gone，did，go D． is going，does，go

( )64.---Where is Li Lei?

---He ____ his sports shoes in the room. He ____football with his friends.

A． is puttng on，is playing B． puts on，will play

C． is putting on，will play D． put on，played

( )65.Lily and Lucy can speak good Chinese because they _____China for 6 years.

A． have been in B． have been to C． have come to D． were

( )66.The students will go to the West Hill Farm by bike if it _____fine tomorrow.

A． will be B． is C． was D． does

( )67.Henry ____a birthday card for Sam yesterday.

A． has bought B． buys C． bought D． will buy

( )68.How long ______at this factory?

A． have you come B． has he in C． will he be D． had he been

( )69.I've _______this dictionary _______a year. It's still new now.

A． bought，for B． had，for C． bought，since D． had，since

( )70.When I got to the factory，the workers ____about the film.

A． are，talking B． have talked C． were talking D． talked

( )71.Our knowledge of the universe _____all the time.

A． grow B． is growing C． grows D． grew

( )72.He remembered he _______a new jacket, but he _____for it.

A．has chosen，has paid B．has chosen，hasn't paid

C．had chosen，had paid D．had chosen，hadn't paid

( )73.I'll catch up with Lucy before she _____the finishing line.

A． reach B． is reaching C． reaches D． will reach

( )74.---Meimei，why didn't you give the book to Ann?

---Well，she ____a copy for herself last week.

A． buys B． had bought C． has bought D． bought

( )75.Stay inside. It ______hard outside right now.

A． is raining B． has rained C． was raining D． rains

( )76.---Would you please not draw pictures on the wall? ---Sorry, I ______it again.

A． am not doing B． don't do C． didn't do D． won't do

( )77.---How long have you _____there? ---About 4 years.

A． come B． gone C． left D． worked

( )78.He______his homework and now is listening to music.

A． finished B． will finish C． has finished D． finish

( )79.The Reads ____ lunch when I got to their house.

A． were having B． was having C． are having D． is having

( )80.His hair ____ white these days.

A． have turned B． are C． has turned D． will be

答案：

1．B has been to 表示去过某地，但现在已回来。has gone to表示去了某地，且现在还未回来。C、D选项不符合题意。

2．D 本题强调他妈妈开门的一瞬间他正在做什么，而非做了什么。B，C选项不符合题意。

3．D How long，for 均暗示本题应用完成时，且 die 为终止性动词，不能与for+时间段连用，C 为干扰项.

4．C told，the next day 均暗示本题应用过去将来时，A 不符合题意，B 为干扰项。

5．B 在if 引导的条件状语从句中，要求主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时。

6．D said，never 均暗示本题应用过去完成时，而此题又强调主语从未去过日本。

7．C 此题为客观真理，必须用一般现在时。

8．C 本题表示发生在过去的丢车事件对现在造成步行上学的影响。

9．A 到达会场发生在过去，人已离开又发生在到达会场之前。应用过去完成时。本题中没有动作持续的暗示，故不选D.

10．C since 引导的时间状语从句中，主句为现在完成时，从句应为一般过去时。

11．D for 引导的时间段必须要用持续性动词。

12．A 本题时态应为过去范畴，车开在先，人到在后，且for的出现标志从句动词应为持续性动词。

13．B Shall we/I do sth 是争求对方意见或建议的常用句型，且shall只能用于第一人称 .

14．A 本题为过去范畴，且不强调某一具体时刻的动作，所以选A.

15．C 本题 look 暗示现在进行时态，every year 则表规律性动作，用一般现在时。

16．D 与 How long 搭配应用持续性动词，keep 不是过去分词故选 D.

17．C 与 for+时间段搭配应用持续性动词。

18．C in+时间段用于将来时。

19．D 本题 this evening 可考虑为将来的时间状语，故只能选D。

20．A 与 for +时间段搭配应用持续性动词。

21．A 因过去多次去北京才导致了解该城市，而主句已为过去时，故选A。

22．B 本题为过去时，与动词持续性或终止性无关。

23．C 本题为现在完成时第一种用法，与动词持续性或终止性无关。

24．A 本题主句为祈使句，相当于一般将来时，谓语动词用一般现在时，故选 A.

25．C 本题 during his stay in Tokyo表明动作发生在过去。

26．B 根据从句中的谓语动词时态题示主句应为过去时，而不能单独看How often。就用一般现在时。

27．A 本题虽有tomorrow，但因出现助动词do，故不考虑将来时，且want具有将来色彩。

28．D 本题最后一句出现remembered，说明动作发生在过去，而去农场又发生在去工厂之前，且有for+时间段做时间状语，故选D。

29．D 星期变化为客观规律，不是推测或打算。故选D 不选A。

30．B since 引导时间状语从句，主句为现在完成时，从句现为一般过去时。see为终止性动词，但其否定形式可用于since 引导时间状语从句中。

31．C

32．B

33．C often，always，usually 等副词若与过去时间状语同时出现,则服从后者。

34．D

35．B for+时间段若与过去时间状语同时出现，则服从后者。故此两题用过去完成时。

36．C 宾语从句的主句为过去时，但从句为客观真理，所以仍保留一般现在时.

37．C as soon as要求主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时。

38．B while 后面应跟着进行时态，而主句的felt 则暗示过去范畴。

39．C 本题易错选B和D，但后面的感叹句表明画画已成事实，且对现在产生影响。故选C。

40．C

41．B 此两题思路与No 39.相同，均应考虑过去动作影响现在。

42．B 本题必须用过去时态，但没有迹象表明动作的先后顺序，所以选B不是 C。

43．B 本题必须用过去范畴，但有迹象表明动作的先后顺序，电影放映在先，人随后到，且电影开演不必用被动所以选B。

44．D 主句为祈使句，till 引导时间状语从句要求用一般现在时。

45．A It is+时间段+since引导过去时为固定句型。

46．A since 引导时间状语从句，主句现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。与上句的固定句式不同。

47．C for 前面应跟完成时和持续性动词。get to do sth属于终止性动词搭配。

48．B in(during) the last(past)+时间段用于现在完成时。

49．B by then 在这里理解为“届时”用于将来时。

50．D 本题不应见到具体时刻便选A。应考虑到后面的过去完成时。

51．B in+时间段用于将来时。.D选项应为three days later。

52．A after+时间段用于过去时，若在将来时中应带具体时间点。

53．B

54．A 试比较这两题，虽问句相同但侧重点不同故答案不同。

55．B sth begin的持续性对应词为 sth has(had) been on。

56．B 我到时他已去睡觉了而不是去睡过觉。故选B。

57．C 本题用现在完成时询问是否完成某事，经肯定后再用一般过去时说何时完成的。

58．D 前一分句有 twice 表示去过，后一分句now，still 表现在还想去。

59．B 说没看见应是谈话之前发生的，经提醒现已看见。故选B不选C。

60．D since+过去时间点用于现在完成时中，for 后跟时间段。

61．C for 后跟时间段用于现在完成时。问对方上哪去了说明对方已回来，即去过某地。

62．B 反意疑问句中附加问句部分是肯定形式，故前面应为否定。

63．C has he 部分说明应用现在完成时，而具体外出时间则在过去。

64．C 此时此地问人在哪里，回答为正在某地做某事。下一步要做的动作用将来时。

65．A have been in表示在某处居住或逗留了一段时间。

66．B if 引导条件状语从句主句是将来时，从句为一般现在时。fine是形容词。

67．C yesterday是一般过去时的时间状语。

68．C How long不仅可与现在完成时连用，还可与现在时，过去时，将来时连用。此题用排除法。A为终止性动词，B为干扰项，D无迹象表明过去的过去。

69．B buy是终止性动词其代替词是have。

70．C 当从句某一突然动作发生时，主句动作一直在持续，又在过去范畴。故用过去进行时。

71．B

72．D 上面两题均为课文原句。一题强调知识一直在不断增长，用现在进行时。一题强调“记起”的内容发生在“记起”这一动作之前。并要考虑转折的关系。

73．C before引导的时间状语从句对于将要发生的事情也是主将从现。

74．D last week 是一般过去时的时间状语。

75．A right now表现在。

76．D 道歉后应许诺将不会再做。

77．D 四个词中只有 work 是持续性，可与How long 同时使用。

78．C 发生在过去的完成作业的动作，对现在造成可以欣赏音乐的结果。

79．A 姓氏前有the后有s，谓语动词应用复数形式，从句是由when引导的表示过去的时间状语从句，所以用过去进行时态。

80．C hair是不可数名词，these days 表现阶段的变化结果。

（完整版）英语常用的八种时态