2015年安徽省对口招生联合考试

第一部分 英语知识运用

第一节 行业通用专业词汇释义 （每小题1分，共5分）

从B栏所给的5个中文选项中选出A栏中行业专业通用英语专业词汇的正确释义。

第二节 单项选择 （每小题1分，共20分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个符合题意的最佳选项。

6. ---___?

--- Fine. Thank you.

A. May I have your name, please

B. How do you do

C. How are you getting on with your new job

D. How long have you been here

7. --- Mom, could you please pass me my dictionary?

--- All right. Where is ___?

A. it B. one C. its D. ones

8. December is the ____ month of a year, but it’s not the coldest month.

A. ninth B. tenth C. eleventh D. twelfth

9. --- How do you like your English teacher?

--- He is very popular ___ us.

A. to B. for C. with D. by

10. --- What would you like to order now?

--- ____.

A. I want to buy a T-shirt for my son B. I’d like a beef steak and a glass of beer

C. I’d like to play basketball D. I plan to exchange some money

11. --- Can you speak English?

--- Yes, I can，___ I can’t speak it very well.

A. or B. and C. so D. but

12. --- We can get knowledge ___ from books ___ from life.

--- Yes, I can’t agree more.

A. neither; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not; but

13. --- You’d better eat less and exercise more to lose your weight.

--- It’s too difficult, though your advice is___.

A. helpful B. harmful C. careful D. thankful

14. --- Do you like the film we saw yesterday?

--- Perfect. I’ve never seen a ___ one before.

A. good B. better C. bad D. worse

15. ____ enough time, I am sure I can finish the work on time.

A. Give B. Given C. To give D. Giving

16. --- What would you like to do?

--- I’d like to ___ for a position of sales manager.

A. find B. assign C. apply D. select

17. In the past few years great changes ____ in my hometown.

A. have taken place B. have been taken place

C. took place D. were taken place

18. --- How far is it from your home to your school?

--- Riding a bike ___ me ten minutes.

A. spends B. costs C. takes D. pays

19. ___ Great Wall is one of ____ greatest wonders in the world.

A. /; the B. The; / C. /; / D. The; the

20. --- Jack, let’s play football.

--- ___ .

A. Not at all B. That’s all right C. You are welcome D. Good idea

21. --- What kind of teacher do you prefer?

--- I prefer the teacher ___ class is interesting.

A. which B. whose C. who D. what

22. --- Would you like to go shopping on Sunday?

--- Sorry, I have quite a lot of ___ to do.

A. job B. housework C. thing D. activity

23. --- ___ will your father come back?

--- Sorry, I have no idea.

A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far

24. --- What about the cake?

--- It ___.

A. is tasted delicious B. is tasted deliciously

C. tastes delicious D. tastes deliciously

25. --- ___?

--- It starts at 7:00 pm.

A. What time is it B. What can I do for you

C. When does the meeting start D. How do you usually arrive at school

第三节 完形填空 （每小题1分，共10分）

阅读下面文章，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

China has seen the use of credit cards spread quickly and reshape its people’s shopping habits in the 26 few years. 27 cash is still the main form of payment, most credit card holders prefer

28 their credit cards for payment as a convenient substitute(替代) to 29 piles of banknotes(支票) around, 30 a report on Sunday.

The report said four 31 ten Xiamen consumers(消费者) now own 32 one credit card. Credit card holders in Xiamen put an average of 50 percent of their 33 income in their credit card account. Of course, consumers will also benefit 34 increasingly intense (激烈的)competition among local and foreign 35 , who are trying to get their credit cards into the wallets of the millions of Chinese big spenders.

第二部分 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，然后完成相应的任务，其中36--40题为判断正误，正确的请写R，错误的写W（注：用其他符号表示对错的一律不得分）；41--55题是选择题，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

Passage 1

It was Mother’s Day and I was shopping at a supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we saw that an elderly woman falling over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground. Her husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately a lot of people stopped to help out.

Tenyson became very worried about what had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “Mom, it’s not much fun falling over in front of everyone. Why shouldn’t we buy the lady a flower? It will make her feel better.” I was amazed that he’d come up with this idea. So we went over and told the flower seller what we wanted. “Just take it,” she replied, “I can’t take your money for such a wonderful deed.”

We went there and gave the flower to the woman’s husband. I told him it was from my son. The old man said, “Thank you very much.” He then turned to me, “You have a wonderful son. Happy Mother’s Day to you.”

The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from. Regardless of being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.

36. The story happened on Christmas Day.

37. The elderly couple fell on the floor.

38. The flower seller didn’t take their money for the flower.

39. The mother and her son bought the woman a bunch of flowers.

40. From the story, we can know the little boy was very kind.

Passage 2

It was a week after Christmas. After breakfast, Mrs. Lawson started to sort all the gifts in her son’s room. She suddenly noticed that almost all the gifts were made in China. “Ah, that’s interesting!”, thought Mrs. Lawson.

After lunch, she drove to a shopping center to buy a pair of new shoes for her son and candles for her daughter’s birthday cake. She was surprised to find that all the shoes there were from China and all the candles were also from China. “Well, that’s surprising!”, said Mrs. Lawson to herself.

In the afternoon she drove back home. As she sat on the sofa in the living room for a good rest, she looked around and was even more surprised. The label “made in China” is everywhere. It is seen on the screen of the TV, in the pile of tennis shoes by the door, in the colorful lights on the Christmas tree, on the lovely dress of the doll....

At dinnertime the doorbell rang. It was Mr. Lawson. “Honey, I just bought a new CD. The band has a very funny name! Look!” Mrs. Lawson was most surprised. On the cover of the CD she found “Everything is made in China!”.

41. What did Mrs. Lawson suddenly notice?

A. She found many gifts in her son’s room.

B. She found some interesting things.

C. She noticed a pair of new shoes in her room.

D. She found that almost all the presents in her son’s room were made in China.

42. From the passage, we can know______.

A. Mrs. Lawson has three children

B. Mrs. Lawson has a son and a daughter

C. Mrs. Lawson’s daughter was born on Christmas Day

D. Mrs. Lawson’s children were born in China

43. What was NOT mentioned(提到) in this passage that was made in China ?

A. The doorbell. B. The screen of the TV.

C. Tennis shoes. D. Colorful lights on the Christmas tree.

44. What does the italicized(斜体的) word “band” mean in the fourth paragraph? .

A. 捆绑 B. 级别 C. 橡皮筋 D. 乐队

45. When did this story happen?

A. Around the New Year. B. Before Christmas Day.

C. In the Spring Festival. D. On Christmas Day.

Passage 3

Air is the mixture of gases that you breathe. You cannot see, smell or taste air but it is around you. Layers of air surround the earth, too, making up the earth’s atmosphere. Oxygen is a gas found in the air. All animals, including humans, need it to stay alive.

Nitrogen and oxygen are the two main gases in the air. About one-fifth of the air you breathe is oxygen. Air also contains tiny amounts of a gas called carbon dioxide. Animals take in the oxygen from the air and breathe out a waste gas --- carbon dioxide. Plants do the opposite. They take in carbon dioxide from the air and turn it into oxygen. The oxygen is given off through their leaves.

When the wind blows it is really air on the move. If you stand outside on a windy day you can feel this flowing air as it rushes past you.

46. Which of the following is right according to this passage?

A. Air is a mixture of gases.

B. You can’t see the air but you can smell it.

C. Oxygen is air, and air is oxygen.

D. Air contains only nitrogen and oxygen.

47. What does the italicized(斜体的) word “it” refer to in the third line?

A. All animals. B. Human beings. C. Air. D. Oxygen.

48. can give off oxygen.

A. Human beings B. Animals C. Pandas D. Plants

49. What’s the Chinese meaning of “carbon dioxide”? .

A. 一氧化碳 B. 碳元素 C. 二氧化碳 D. 氧气

50. Which of the following about wind is right according to this passage?

A. We can’t feel the wind. B. You can feel the flowing air.

C. The wind is moving from the sky. D. Wind has nothing to do with air.

Passage 4

A study suggests that dirty air can reduce lung development. Researchers at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles published their work in a magazine.

About 1,700 children from different communities in Southern California took part in the study. The scientists tested the children every year for eight years, starting at age ten. They say this is the longest study ever done on air pollution and the health of children.

The scientists found that children who lived in areas with the dirtiest air were five times more likely to grow up with weak lungs. Many were using less than eighty percent of normal lung strength to breathe.

The damage from dirty air was as bad as that found in children with parents who smoke. Children with reduced lung power may suffer more severe(严重的) effects from a common cold, for example.

But the researchers express greater concerns about long-term effects. They say adults normally begin to lose one percent of their lung power each year after age twenty. The doctors note that weak lung activity is the second leading cause of early deaths among adults. The first is smoking.

51. Who found out the dirty air could reduce lung development according to this passage?

A. American scientists. B. English researchers.

C. Canadian scientists. D. Australian researchers.

52. A study done by researchers at the University of Southern California indicates that .

A. 1,700 children from Southern California have weak lung activities

B. children in Southern California use less lung strength to breathe

C. air pollution may affect the growth of children’s lungs

D. 80 percent of children in Southern California suffer from air pollution

53. According to the article, children living in dirty air .

A. may lose eighty percent of their normal lung strength

B. may suffer more severe effects from a common cold

C. were five times more likely to catch a common cold

D. were unlikely to recover from any lung damage

54. Why do the researchers express greater concern about the long-term effects of air pollution on children?

A. They begin to lose 1% of their lung power each year after 20.

B. They do not show any signs of lung damage when they are young.

C. They may suffer early death when they grow up.

D. They cannot expect to have their lungs fully developed at 18.

55. What’s the first cause of early deaths among adults according to this passage?

A. The dirty air. B. The dirty water. C. Smoking. D. Lungs.

第三部分 写和译

第一节 汉译英（每小题5分，共10分）

56.你班上有多少学生？

57.我经常骑自行车上学。

第二节 英译汉（每小题5分，共15分）

58. To see is to believe.

59. Yesterday I had my hair cut.

60. The boy ran away before I could say a word to him.

专业术语解释与说明答案

1.节水灌溉是根据作物需水规律及当地供水条件，为了有效地利用降水和灌溉水获取农业的最佳经济效益、社会效益和生态环境效益而采取的多种灌溉措施，如喷灌、滴灌、膜上灌等。

2.

3.衡量水分反应或转移能量的高低在植物生理学上，水势定义为每偏摩尔体积水的化学势。也就是说，水溶液的化学势(μW)与同温、同压、同一系统中纯水的化学势(μW°)之差(△μW)，除以水的偏摩尔本积()所得的商，称水势

4.外渗使液泡失水而体积缩小，包在外面的原生质也随之收缩，由于细胞之间有吸附力，当原生质收缩时，细胞壁也随之收缩，如细胞继续失水，因原生质的收缩比细胞壁收缩性大，结果使原生质与细胞分离，这种现象称质壁分离。

5.压力势是指细胞的原生质体吸水膨胀，对细胞壁产生一种作用力，细胞壁对原生质产生反作用力，即压力，压力势是细胞壁压力的存在而增加的水势，压力势是正值。

6.植物根系的生理活动使液流从根部上升的压力，根压把根部的水分压到地上部，土壤中的水分便不断补充到根部，这就形在了吸水过程，这是根部形成的力量引起的主动吸水。

7.有受伤的植物如处于土壤水分充足，天气潮湿的环境中，叶片尖端或边缘也有液体外泌的现象

8.从植物茎的基部把茎切断，由于根压作用，切口不久即流出液滴

9.蒸腾作用是指水分以气态状态，通过植物的叶片，从体内散失到体外的现象

10. 植物在一定时间内单位叶面积蒸腾的水量。一般有蒸腾水量表示g .dm-2.h-1

11. 植物每消耗1000g水时所形成的干物质质量(g)。

12.植物造制1g干物质所需水分(g)，蒸腾系数越大，水分利用效率越低，蒸腾系数是蒸腾比率倒数。

13.水从土壤经作物而到大气保持着连续状态，并构成一个完整的系统，称SPAC系统。

14.对不良环境的适应性和抵抗力，称为植物的抗性生理。植物的抗性生理就是研究不良环境对植物生命活动的影响以及植物对不良环境的抗御能力

15.对植物产生伤害的环境称为逆境，又称胁迫

16. CO2+H2O CH2O(碳水化合物)+O2↑

每年同化2×1011t碳 (浮游生物60陆生植物) 相当3×1021J能量是世界能消耗的10倍。

17.C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+H2O

18.距离胶粒较远而可以自由流动的水分，称自由水

19.靠近胶粒而被胶粒吸附束缚不易自由流动的水分，称束缚水

20. 叶片蒸腾时，气孔下腔附近的叶肉细胞因蒸腾失水而水势下降，所以从旁边的细胞取得水分，同样旁边细胞又从另一个细胞取得水分，如此下去便从叶脉中的导管吸水，通茎的导管到根的导管，最后从土壤吸收水分。这种吸水完全是蒸腾失水而产生的蒸腾的拉力所引起的，是叶片蒸腾形成的力量传到根部而引起的被动吸水。

21.作物就其广义的概念来讲，它包括对人类有利用价值，为人类所栽培的各种植物，狭义的概念来讲，所谓作物，主要是指农作物粮食、棉油、麻、糖、烟等

22.植物常受到的有害环境之一是缺水，当植物耗水大于根系吸水时，就使植物体内组织水分亏缺。过度的水分亏缺的现象，称为干旱

23.以投入与产出的微观经济学的观点出发，描述物作产量(干物质或籽粒产量)与其主要影响因素(或投入资源)之间的数学关系称为生产函数

24.作物产量与水分因子之间的数学关系称水分生产函数。

25.由各生育阶段(i)的相对腾发量或相对缺水量作自变量，用各阶段连乘的数学式构成阶段效应对产量(相对产量)总的影响数学模型，称为乘法模型，最常应用的是Jensen模型

26.由各生育阶段(i)的相对腾发量或相对缺水量作自变量，用各自分别影响相加的数学式构成对产量(相对产量)总影响的数学模型，称加法模型，最常用的是Blank模型

27.喷灌即喷洒灌溉，用压力管道输水，再由喷头将水喷洒到空中，形成细小雨滴，均匀地洒落在地面，湿润土壤并满足作物需水要求的一种灌水方式

28.喷灌系统是把水源，喷灌设备和田间工程有机地结合起来，使他成为为一个相对独立的整体，以达到将灌溉用水均匀地喷灌到农田，来满足农作物生长对水分的要求

29.指一个喷灌时段内某一点面积上的在某一时间内的喷灌强度的平均值。

30.单位时间内喷洒降落在田间的水深，称为喷灌强度。喷灌强度在概念上与降雨强度一致，喷灌强度的单位常用：毫米/小时 mm/h。

31. 喷灌均匀度是指喷灌水量在喷洒面积上分布的均匀程度

32.喷灌均匀系数是一个表示一定面积上水量分布均匀程度的指标

33.水滴打击强度是指单位受水面积获得水滴撞击能量的大小，包括作物和地表土壤，具体说就是1mm水深的水滴落在田面上的动能。

34. 喷灌工作制度是指喷灌工程运行中，喷头在固定位置的喷灌时间，同时工作的喷头数以及喷头轮灌组的划分等内容

最新安徽对口高考真题与答案