夫子庙英文导游词

【篇一：南京夫子庙导游词】

原文地址：南京夫子庙导游词英文考试版作者：南京导游词

孔庙和秦淮河风光带

1:the confucius temple, located [lou’keitid位于]at the qinhuai river scenic[si:nik风景的] area, 孔庙位于秦淮河风光带

她是古都南京闻名的旅游度假地。

3the river banks of qinhuai are known for confucius temple

秦淮河因孔庙而闻名。

因此也叫夫子庙地区。

5the confucius temple is no doubt[ daut 怀疑] the most famous.

孔庙无疑是最著名的

6the temple is the place for people to pay worship[w?:∫ip 崇拜] to confucius.

庙是供人们崇拜孔子的地方

7:the confucius temple here in nanjing was first built in 1034

孔庙在南京第一次建于1034。

8and rebuilt[ri:blt重建] in 1986

重建于1986年

9the temple we often mentioned[men∫?n提出] should include[inklu:d包括] three architectural

我们常提的孔庙应该包括三个建筑群：

10the temple of confucius with the hall of great achievements[?’t∫i:vm?nt大成] as the main

[mein主要的]body,

孔庙及主体建筑大成殿

11the palace[p?lis宫殿] of learning and the imperial[impi?ri?l帝国] examination [igz?mi’nei∫?n考试]center.

学宫和国家考试中心。

12as early as in 337 a.d.[ei’di:公元],

早在公元337年

13but at that time there was only the palace[p?lis宫殿] of learning without the confucius temple.

那时仅有学宫，没有孔庙。

14the temple was built up and extended[ikstendid扩大] on the basis [beisis基础]of the palace of learning until 1034.

直到1034年孔庙才在学宫的基础上建立和扩大起来

16juxing[聚星] pavilion[p?’vilj?n亭],kuixing[魁星] pavilion, lingxing[灵星 ] gate,

聚星亭、魁星亭、棂星门。

17the hall of great achievements[?‘t∫i:vm?nt 达成] and the gate etc[ =et cetera等等et’set?r? ].

大成殿和大成门等等。

18as the confucius temple in qufu，shandong province

在山东省曲阜的孔庙

19is built by the side of the pan river,

是建在泮水之滨的

20all the temples of confucius in the country

所有全国的孔庙

21are built at the riverside

都建在河边

22and the water in front of confucius temple is called pan pool.

孔庙前面的水叫泮池。

这形成了长期的惯例。

24this confucirs temple makes the natural stream[stri：m流动] of the qinhuai river as its pan pool,

这里的夫子庙把秦淮河流动的水作为它的泮池

25which is also called the pool of crescent[kresnt新月] moon “by the local[louk?l当地] people. 当地的人们把它叫着月牙池

26standing at the southern bank of the pan pool is the screen[skri：n屏] wall,

泮池南边站立的是照壁

27which is 110 meters long and 10 meters high.

它110米长，10米高

29the wall was built in 1575 and newly renovated [‘ren?,veit重做]in 1984 .

这个照壁建于1575年，近来重建于1984年

照壁的功能

众]

是表明孔子渊博的学问被普通百姓所接受

the main building of the temple,

另一功能是遮挡住寺庙的主体建筑

以便给人们一个它辉煌而庄严的印象

天下文枢坊始建于1586年仿曲阜天下文枢坊，

它结构的意思是所有文章和道德的中心都归于孔子。

36lingxing gate is also called the gate of etiquette[eti’ket礼仪]

棂星门又叫礼仪门

它是专为皇帝祭祀孔子而建的

38the gate built in front of confucius temple

它建于孔庙前

39implies[implai暗指] the meaning of

它的寓意是

41and stability[st?‘biliti稳定] of the country.”

国家稳定

42dacheng gate or the gate of great achievements[?t∫ivm?nt达成]

大成门或集大成的门，

43is also called halberd[h?b?d戟] gate,

又叫戟门

44which is the front door of the confucius temple.

它是孔庙的前门

45as confucius epitomized[ipit?maiz作为缩影] chinese culture,

作为中国文化的宿影的孔子

他死后被授予至圣先师的称号

47in the entrance[entr?ns入口] hall[门厅] of the gate there are four old stone tablets [t?blit碑]: 在大门的入口门厅有四块古石碑

49it was made in 484 a.d. during the southern dynasty

它是刻于南朝公元484年

碑上记录的是孔子去洛阳访问的经验

51the capital of the eastern zhou dynasty in 518 b.c.

在公元前518年东周王朝首都

52where confucius made investigations[investingei∫?n

institutions[institju：∫?n制度] of the zhou

孔子研究了周王朝制度

去寻找了如何繁荣和稳定国家的方法

如何在鲁国联合奴隶主的力量

55the tablet of jiqing confucius temple.

[集庆孔庙碑]

56in 1308 when the yuan dynasty reigned[rein统治] over the country,

1308年，元朝统治全国

57emperor wuzong issued[i∫iu发布] an imperial[impi?ri?l帝国] edict[i：dikt布告]

武宗皇帝发布了圣旨

58”take education as the state administration[?dministre∫?n管理] of the empire[empai?皇权]” 以兴学作士为王政

59in the next fall when the confucius temple started to be rebuilt ,

第二年孔庙开始被重建

60lu zhi wrote an inscription[inskrip∫?n碑文] for the tablet.

卢挚为碑撰写了碑文

61but the tablet was not made right away until 22 years later in 1330.

当时没有勒石，直到22年后在1330年

62in the xianfeng years of the qing dynasty,the confucius temple was burnt down in a war 清朝咸丰年，在战争中被毁，

此碑失踪。.

1986年复建文庙时碑在地下被发现

65the tablet of the four saints[封四圣碑]

66in 1331 emperor wenzong of the yuan dynasty granted [gra：ntid加封]the four disciples[di’sai’pl门徒] of confucius

在1331年元朝文宗皇帝加封孔子的四个门徒

67yanhui, zengshen, kongji and mengke as 4 saints[] second to confucius

颜回、曾参、孔伋和孟轲为四亚圣

67tablet of madam super saint confucius.[封至圣夫人碑]

68 in 1331 the wife of confucius was posthumously awarded the title of madam super saint(孔子之妻被加封为至圣夫人)

1331年孔子之妻被加封为至圣夫人

69and a stone tablet was made for her according to the imperial decree (以此旨勒石刻碑) and erected here side by side with the tablet of the four saints (与封四氏碑并列于夫子庙) .

70dacheng hall or the hall of great achievements (大成殿) is the main building of confucian temple

大成殿是文庙的主体建筑，

71and the very place to enshrine and worship confucius (供奉和祭祀孔子的地方).

72 the hall is a double-eaved and gable-roofed structure in ancient imitation (重檐歇山顶仿古

建筑),

73displayed in the hall there is a huge portrait of confucius (孔子巨幅画像),

which is the largest one through out the country.

also put on show are the portraits of yan hui (颜回), zeng shen (曾参), kong ji (孔伋) (the grandson of confucius) and mengke (mencius), the four disciples of confucius as well as a number of ancient musical instruments.

hung on the inner walls of the hall there are 38 jade-and-jadeite-carved paintings inlaid with gold, jewelry and mother-of-pearl (罗钿) about the life story of confucius (孔子生平事迹). in the temple courtyard (庙院) enclosed by roofed corridors, there is a large open-air terrace (露台), which used to be an altar for holding sacrificial ceremony and performance of songs and dance (曾是祭祀和歌舞的地方). on the terrace there stands a huge bronze statue of confucius. the forehead of the statue appears a unique wisdom-and-foresight of the great thinker (眉宇间透露出伟大思想家特有的睿智), better making a deep impression on visitors. juxing pavilion at the west of the temple square there stands a hexagonal pavilion (the pavilion with its 6 eaves upturned) called “juxing”. the name of juxing means “assembly of stars” (群星汇聚) and “a galaxy of talent” (人才荟萃), because all the men of letters or well-educated people were regarded as stars over the sky in feudal china. juxing pavilion was the place for intellectuals to converge on (聚集) and to learn from each other by exchanging their experience in study (切磋学习心得).

kuixing pavilion (now called kuiguang pavilion) (魁光阁) at the east of pan pool lies the kuixing pavilion, which is also called the pavilion of god of literature (文星阁). the three-storied hexagonal tower was the place for provincial examination candidates (乡试士子们) to pay worship to confucius before they sit for imperial examinations (应考前拜孔的地方). later,the pavilion was turned into a teahouse (茶社) for candidates (考生) to meet friends with tea drinking.

kuixing is the star at the tip of the bowl of the big dipper (魁为北斗星之第一星), one of the 28 constellations over the sky (天上28个星宿之一). it was said to be god of literature dominating the fortune of culture and education (主宰文运之神) and ,confucius was regarded as the god. in times of imperial examinations (在科举时代), the examination candidates often came to offer sacrifice to confucius in the hope of successfully passing the imperial examinations and becoming a provincial graduate (以求中举).

the palace of learning (学宫) the palace of learning is an architectural complex consisting of mingde hall or the hall of bright virtue (明德堂), zunjing library (尊经阁), qingyun tower (青云楼) and ancestral temple for worshiping the parents of confucius (崇圣祠) etc.. the palace of learning was an institution of higher learning (高等学府) of the prefecture in ancient times, usually built behind confucian temple.

mingde hall or the hall of bright virtue (明德堂) was the main hall (正堂) of palace of learning ,the place for putting up the list of successful candidates (张悬科第题名榜) in the years of the imperial examination system and was also an assembly auditorium (集会礼堂) for the students to attend lectures on confucius teachings(圣教)and imperial edicts (上谕) given by assistant instructor(听训导师宣讲圣教和上谕) after their pilgrimage on the first and the 15th day (朔、望日) every lunar month.

zunjing library (尊经阁) was a two-storied building with each having 5 rooms (上下两层各五楹). the upstairs was used to collect the chinese traditional learning of the ming dynasty (明代

【篇二：明孝陵英文导游词xiaoling tomb of the ming dynasty】

xiaoling tomb of the ming dynasty

(today we will visit xiaoling tomb of the ming dynasty, which was adopted as the worlds cultural heritage in 2003)

xiaoling tomb is the mausoleum of zhu yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the ming dynasty 600 years ago. the construction of the mausoleum started in 1381, and was completed in 1413 when “the tablet of great merits of the ming tomb of the great ming dynasty” was erected.

emperor zhu yuanzhang was born in a peasant family of anhui province in 1328. he lost his parents in his childhood and became a monk at huangjue temple. in 1352 he joined the red turban army and became commanding general later. in 1368, he established his empire and made nanjing the capital with a name of ming for his dynasty. in 1398, he died and was buried here in the xiaoling.

the mausoleum consists of two major sections. the front section starts from” the gateway of dismounting horses” at the falial guard to the lingxing gate at the end of sacred way. the whole approach is 1800 meters long. the gateway of dismounting horse is engraved with 6 chinese characters for warning worshipers, meaning” all the officials must dismount from the horse back here”.

go 700 meters northwest from the gateway, we can see a three-arched gate. it is known as the the great golden gate, which is the front gate of the mausoleum, connecting with the red enclosure walls.

go through the grand golden gate is a roofless pavilion, which is called square city. in the middle of the pavilion there stands a huge stone tablet, which is 8.78m high with 2,746 characters carved on it. this is” the tablet of great merits of the ming tomb of the great ming dynasty”. the characters were written by zhu di, the third emperor of the ming dynasty.

go out of the square city, we’ll come to the first section of the sacred way. the sacred way is divided into two sections. the front section is flanked by 12 pairs of stone animals in 6 kinds: each kind of the animals has 2 pairs, one standing and one kneeling. the animals are arranged in proper order: lions, xiezhi, camels, elephants, unicorns and horses.

go straight a little bit forward, we can see two pillars, from where the sacred way makes a right turn. here, we are at the second section of the sacred way, which is flanked by 4 pairs of stone weng zhongs: 2 pairs of generals and 2 pairs of officials.

at the right of this path, we can see a small hill planted with thousands of plum trees. it is the plum-blossom hill, which is sun quan’s tomb. the hill is now a wonderful site for local people to appreciate plum blossom in spring when the trees are blooming.

at the end of the sacred way, there is a gate named lingxing gate with three arches. it is also

called dragon phoenix gate. the rear section of the mausoleum starts from lingxing gate to the citadel of treasure and the tomb mound.

about 270 meters away northeast of the lingxing gate there’s a stone bridge spanning over a small stream, which is called the golden water bridge,. about 200 meters north of the bridge is the front gate of the tomb. at the right of the gate there is a tablet stone, which is inscribed with “the special notice” in 6 foreign languages to call for attention to protect the tomb. the tablet was established by qing government.

inside the gate is a tablet pavilion, which is the entrance hall of the tomb. in this pavilion, there’s a tablet inscribed with “the stele of administrating the country as prosperous as the tang and song dynasties”. the inscription was written by kangxi, the emperor of the qing dynasty when he was paying his homage to the entombed emperor during his third inspection tour to the area in 1699.

go out of the pavilion, we’ll come to the site of the sacrificial hall. the original hall was very large and was used to enshrine emperor zhu yuanzhang and his empress. the hall was destroyed in the war yet its 56 stone column bases are still there.

continue the visit towards north across a big stone bridge, we can see “the citadel of treasures and the tomb mound”. the citadel of treasures is the site of graveyard and the tomb mound is the tomb itself. the citadel is 39 meters long from west to east and 18 meters wide from north to south. climb up 54 steps, coming into our view is the tomb mound, which is half circled by a stone wall. in the middle of the wall there are 7 chinese characters, meaning” the hill is the very tomb of the ming’s founding emperor”. the tomb is covered by a large mound-400 meters in diameter. emperor zhu yuanzhang and his empress are entombed in the underground. for the technical reasons of preservation, the tomb has not been excavated.

【篇三：13年最新南京夫子庙导游词】

夫 子 庙 a

【景点概况】1分30秒

1、秦淮河简介

2、夫子庙景区特色及历史沿革

3、5a级景区等

各位游客大家好，现在我们来到秦淮河畔夫子庙游览。

秦淮河古名淮水，又叫龙藏浦，相传是秦始皇开凿，又称秦淮河。秦淮河是南京人民的母亲

河，起源于溧水的东庐山和句容的宝华山。秦淮河在南京城东分成两支，一支从通济门外的东水

关入城，经夫子庙，到水西门外的西水关出城，称为内秦淮河，全长约10里，其沿河两岸，从六

朝起便是望族聚居之地，商贾云集，文人荟萃，儒学鼎盛，素有“六朝金粉地，十里秦淮河”之

誉。另一支从城外流过，成为南京城东、城南、城西的护城河。两支在城西汇合，注入长江。

南京夫子庙通常是指位于南京城南秦淮风光带中心位置的集观光、购物、休闲、餐饮于一体

的仿古建筑的商业区。南京夫子庙是一座仿明清时期的古建筑群，具有典型的徽派建筑风格，整

体布局集“庙、市、景”合一，将儒家文化、科举文化、民俗文化、饮食文化、建筑文化等完美

的结合在一起。夫子庙，又叫孔庙、文庙，是祭祀和供奉孔子的庙宇。南京夫子庙始建于宋景佑

元年（1034年），现夫子庙是1986年重建，依然保留前庙后学的布局。现为国家5a级旅游景区。

【庙前广场】2分钟

1、大照壁的体量及作用

2、泮池的由来及作用

3、文德桥及“文德分月”奇景

4、聚星亭、天下文枢坊、 魁星阁及棂星门简介

现在我们就来到夫子庙前的广场，这是夫子庙的中心地区。

照壁是秦淮河南岸的一段朱红色石砖墙，照壁起遮蔽和装饰作用，是整个夫子庙建筑群的开

始。它建于明万历三年（1575年），长110米高，10米，为全国照壁之冠。

照壁的北面就是泮池，意思是“泮宮之池”。泮池是文庙前的规制。南京夫子庙前的泮池与

众不同，它是利用内秦淮河天然河道而形成，半月形，南部呈半圆。

文德桥在泮池西侧，因儒家提倡文章道德而得名。据考证，由于桥向与子午线方向一致，所

以每逢农历11月15日，在桥的两边分别可以看到桥影将水中明月分为两个半月，这一景观被称

为“文德分月”。

西侧的这座六角重檐亭子叫“聚星亭”，取“群星毕集，人才荟萃”之意，初建于明万历十四

年（1586年），曾几经兴废。这座四柱三门的大牌坊为天下文枢坊。孔子乃天下文章道德之中枢

也，故得此名，这是进入孔庙的标志。东侧这座临街傍水的楼阁式建筑，叫做奎星阁，始建于清

乾隆年间，曾两次被毁，1985年重建。这座门叫棂星门，“棂星”是古代天文学中的“文星”，在

此表示天下文人学士集学于此。门是石结构的，六柱三门，棂星门东西两侧便是东市、西市。

【大成门、露台】1分钟

1、大成门的涵义

2、甬道及孔子门生塑像。

3、露台的规模、用途及陈设

4、孔子青铜像

走过棂星门，便是孔庙的正门大成门，也叫戟门。因孔子被追封为“大成至圣先师”，故而得

名。甬道两侧立着八座孔子门生的汉白玉雕像。露台两旁的碑廊陈列有赵朴初、林散之、武中奇

等30位著名书法家的墨迹，共有30余块碑石。

大成殿前有一露台，也叫丹墀，是祭祀和歌舞的地方。露台高1.4米，东西宽21.8米，南北

长14米，四周有云头望柱24根，台前两侧设有两只石灯笼。丹墀上有尊孔子青铜雕像，像高4.18

米，重2.37吨，为全国最大的一座孔子青铜像。

【大成殿】2分钟

1、大成殿的规模及建筑特色

2、大成殿的用途及内部陈设

3、仿吴道子孔子像、孔子圣迹图等

现在请各位游客随我进入孔庙主殿——大成殿。它高16.22米，宽27.3米，进深27.9米，

殿堂七开间，四周殿廊上环立着26根仿木圆柱。这是一座气势巍峨、重檐歇山顶的仿古建筑。正

面屋檐下海蓝色竖匾上有“大成殿”三字，比喻孔子集大成之意；屋脊鸱吻是造型精美的“双龙

戏珠”立雕，这在同类建筑中属首创之作；屋面覆盖青色小瓦所体现的清秀之势，与北方孔庙屋

面采用黄色琉璃瓦的富丽恢宏之势明显不一样，更显随和、入俗之意。

大成殿内供奉着孔子的画像，高6.5米，宽3.5米，是国内最大的孔子画像，为画家王宏喜

按照唐吴道子的孔子画像用一年的时间画成。两旁是颜回、曾参、孟轲、孔汲四亚圣的汉白玉塑

像；东西两侧摆放有古代庆典时演奏的乐器，有築、琴、卧箜篌、编磬、编钟、古筝、鼓等。大

成殿的四周墙壁上还悬挂着38幅反映孔子生平事迹的镶嵌壁画，称“孔子圣迹图”；是浙江乐清

200多名匠师采用玉石、翡翠、黄金、珠宝等贵重材料，耗时三年雕成。总价值580万人民币。

表现了孔子“万世师表”的光辉典范。

【碑刻】1分钟

1、玉兔泉点到即可

2、五块古碑的名称

现在大家看到的这口古井叫“玉兔泉”，玉兔泉旁边这块碑叫《筹措朝考盘费碑》。记载了李

鸿章、左宗棠等人捐白银作为附属七县考生赴京会试公车经费的经过。这四块石碑，第一块是《孔

子问礼图碑》，记载了春秋末年孔子从家乡曲阜去周王城洛阳考察典章制度的经历。第二块碑是《集

庆孔庙碑》，第三块碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，碑上刻有文宗加封孔子妻为至圣夫人的诏书。第四块

碑是《封四氏碑》，讲的是文宗皇帝加封颜回、曾参、孔伋、孟轲为四亚圣之事。

【学宫大门】30秒

大门内外所悬匾额的名称及书者

学宫位于大成殿后方，门楣上方题有“大明国子学”，门内匾额上题有“东南第一学”，是由

乾隆年间的状元秦大士题写的。

【明德堂】1分30秒

1、明德堂的名称由来及用途

2、仰圣亭和习礼亭的名称

明德堂是学宫的正堂，也是夫子庙地区唯一未被破坏的古建筑。当年，这是学子们集会的地

方，每月朔、望日朝圣（即孔子）之后，学子们集中在此听训导师宣讲圣教和上谕（伦理和政府

法令），以培养学子们忠君爱国的思想。可能有的朋友要问；各地孔庙中只有“明伦堂”，为何南

京夫子庙例外，叫作“明德堂”？原来当年南宋宰相文天祥北上抗金，路过南京时，刚好明德堂

复建完工。人们请文天祥题字，文天祥亲自手书，改“明伦堂”为“明德堂”，以明效忠国家、报

效民众之志气，故沿用至今。现在这块匾额是后人模仿文天祥手迹写成。明德堂现被辟为雅乐宫，

演奏古典宫廷雅乐，再现古代雅乐风情。

庭院西边为仰圣亭，内铸有青铜“圣音鼓”；东边为习礼亭，内铸有青铜“礼运钟”。鼓名

和钟名均为孔子第七十七代嫡孙女孔德懋题写。

【尊经阁及其周边】1分钟

1、建筑特点及用途

2、“尊经阁”匾额的书写者

3、尊经阁周围建筑的名称

“尊经阁”是一座重檐丁字脊歇山顶三层古建筑，始建于明朝中期，古时候为教谕讲课的讲

堂，楼上藏有《十三经》、《廿一史》等。尊经阁现为民俗风情陈列馆，展出有彩灯、云锦、刻经、

金箔等。匾额由我国当代书坛女杰萧娴题写。

与尊经阁并排而立的是崇圣祠和青云楼。崇圣祠祀孔子父母，现为梨园。青云楼清时改为图

书馆。尊经阁后小高地，叫卫山，建有敬一亭，亭内立皇帝御题的“敬一箴”，作为生员士子的座

右铭。所谓“敬一”就是对孔学的敬业之意。

【其他】1分钟

金陵灯会、徽派建筑特色、夫子庙特色小吃、秦淮八艳、秦淮画舫、名人旧居等

每年农历正月初一至十八，夫子庙都会举行“金陵灯会”，热闹非常。这一带的徽派民居建筑

也很有特点，“粉墙黛瓦，高低错落”，“青砖小瓦马头墙，回廊挂落花格窗”。夫子庙美食街有以

“秦淮八绝”为代表的各种特色小吃。泮池北岸的背景墙上有大型浮雕《秦淮流韵》，其中的“秦

淮八艳”是明末清初的卞玉京、顾横波、寇白门、马湘兰、柳如是、董小宛、陈圆圆、李香君。

有兴趣的游客还可乘坐秦淮画舫，泛舟河上，欣赏美景，回顾历史。夫子庙周围还有吴敬梓故居、

王谢故居、乌衣巷、李香君故居等景点，大家可以自由参观。

夫 子 庙 b

【景点概况】1分30秒

1、秦淮河简介

2、夫子庙景区特色及历史沿革

各位游客大家好，现在我们来到秦淮河畔夫子庙游览。

秦淮河古名淮水，又叫龙藏浦，相传是秦始皇开凿，又称秦淮河。秦淮河是南京人民的母亲

河，起源于溧水的东庐山和句容的宝华山。秦淮河在南京城东分成两支，一支从通济门外的东水

关入城，经夫子庙，到水西门外的西水关出城，称为内秦淮河，全长约10里，其沿河两岸，从六

朝起便是望族聚居之地，商贾云集，文人荟萃，儒学鼎盛，素有“六朝金粉地，十里秦淮河”之

誉。另一支从城外流过，成为南京城东、城南、城西的护城河。两支在城西汇合，注入长江。

南京夫子庙通常是指位于南京城南秦淮风光带中心位置的集观光、购物、休闲、餐饮于一体

的仿古建筑的商业区。南京夫子庙是一座仿明清时期的古建筑群，具有典型的徽派建筑风格，整

体布局集“庙、市、景”合一，将儒家文化、科举文化、民俗文化、饮食文化、建筑文化等完美

的结合在一起。夫子庙，又叫孔庙、文庙，是祭祀和供奉孔子的庙宇。南京夫子庙始建于宋景佑

元年（1034年），现夫子庙是1986年重建，依然保留前庙后学的布局。现为国家5a级旅游景区。

【庙前广场】2分钟

1、大照壁的体量及作用

2、泮池的由来及作用

3、文德桥及“文德分月”奇景

4、聚星亭、天下文枢坊、 魁星阁及棂星门简介

现在我们就来到夫子庙前的广场，这是夫子庙的中心地区。

照壁是秦淮河南岸的一段朱红色石砖墙，照壁起遮蔽和装饰作用，是整个夫子庙建筑群的开

始。它建于明万历三年（1575年），长110米高，10米，为全国照壁之冠。

照壁的北面就是泮池，意思是“泮宮之池”。泮池是文庙前的规制。南京夫子庙前的泮池与

众不同，它是利用内秦淮河天然河道而形成，半月形，南部呈半圆。

文德桥在泮池西侧，因儒家提倡文章道德而得名。据考证，由于桥向与子午线方向一致，所

以每逢农历11月15日，在桥的两边分别可以看到桥影将水中明月分为两个半月，这一景观被称

为“文德分月”。

西侧的这座六角重檐亭子叫“聚星亭”，取“群星毕集，人才荟萃”之意，初建于明万历十四

年（1586年），曾几经兴废。这座四柱三门的大牌坊为天下文枢坊。孔子乃天下文章道德之中枢

也，故得此名，这是进入孔庙的标志。东侧这座临街傍水的楼阁式建筑，叫做奎星阁，始建于清

乾隆年间，曾两次被毁，1985年重建。这座门叫棂星门，“棂星”是古代天文学中的“文星”，在

此表示天下文人学士集学于此。门是石结构的，六柱三门，棂星门东西两侧便是东市、西市。

【大成门、露台】1分钟

1、大成门的涵义

2、甬道及孔子门生塑像。

3、廊庑及书者人名

4、露台的规模、用途及陈设

5、孔子青铜像

走过棂星门，便是孔庙的正门大成门，也叫戟门。因孔子被追封为“大成至圣先师”，故而得

名。甬道两侧立着八座孔子门生的汉白玉雕像。露台两旁的碑廊陈列有赵朴初、林散之、武中奇

等30位著名书法家的墨迹，共有30余块碑石。

大成殿前有一露台，也叫丹墀，是祭祀和歌舞的地方。露台高1.4米，东西宽21.8米，南北

长14米，四周有云头望柱24根，台前两侧设有两只石灯笼。丹墀上有尊孔子青铜雕像，像高4.18

米，重2.37吨，为全国最大的一座孔子青铜像。

【大成殿】2分钟

1、大成殿的规模及建筑特色

2、大成殿的用途及内部陈设

3、仿吴道子孔子像、孔子圣迹图等

现在请各位游客随我进入孔庙主殿——大成殿。它高16.22米，宽27.3米，进深27.9米，

殿堂七开间，四周殿廊上环立着26根仿木圆柱。这是一座气势巍峨、重檐歇山顶的仿古建筑。正

面屋檐下海蓝色竖匾上有“大成殿”三字，比喻孔子集大成之意；屋脊鸱吻是造型精美的“双龙

戏珠”立雕，这在同类建筑中属首创之作；屋面覆盖青色小瓦所体现的清秀之势，与北方孔庙屋

面采用黄色琉璃瓦的富丽恢宏之势明显不一样，更显随和、入俗之意。

大成殿内供奉着孔子的画像，高6.5米，宽3.5米，是国内最大的孔子画像，为画家王宏喜

按照唐吴道子的孔子画像用一年的时间画成。两旁是颜回、曾参、孟轲、孔汲四亚圣的汉白玉塑

像；东西两侧摆放有古代庆典时演奏的乐器，有築、琴、卧箜篌、编磬、编钟、古筝、鼓等。大

成殿的四周墙壁上还悬挂着38幅反映孔子生平事迹的镶嵌壁画，称“孔子圣迹图”；是浙江乐清

200多名匠师采用玉石、翡翠、黄金、珠宝等贵重材料，耗时三年雕成。总价值580万人民币。

表现了孔子“万世师表”的光辉典范。

【碑刻】1分钟

1、玉兔泉点到即可

2、五块古碑的名称

现在大家看到的这口古井叫“玉兔泉”，玉兔泉旁边这块碑叫《筹措朝考盘费碑》。记载了李

鸿章、左宗棠等人捐白银作为附属七县考生赴京会试公车经费的经过。这四块石碑，第一块是《孔

子问礼图碑》，记载了春秋末年孔子从家乡曲阜去周王城洛阳考察典章制度的经历。第二块碑是《集

庆孔庙碑》，第三块碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，碑上刻有文宗加封孔子妻为至圣夫人的诏书。第四块

碑是《封四氏碑》，讲的是文宗皇帝加封颜回、曾参、孔伋、孟轲为四亚圣之事。

【前街、明远楼】1分30秒

1、江南贡院历史沿革

2、“江南贡院”牌坊、楹联

3、贡院前街的人物雕像及石碑

4、明远楼的建筑特点、用途及一楼展出内容

江南贡院贡院建于南宋乾道四年（1168年），是县府考试场所。朱元璋定都南京后，这里成

了乡试、会试场所。

江南贡院大门牌坊上有明末清初的才子李渔所题的楹联“圣朝吁俊首斯邦，看志士弹冠而起；

天府策名由此地，喜英才发轫而前。”贡院前街有唐寅、吴承恩、郑板桥、吴敬梓、林则徐、张

謇等6位历史名人青铜雕像。

现在，我们所见的这座三层建筑，就是明远楼了。“明远”的意思就是“慎终追远、明德而归

厚矣”。明远楼始建于明永乐年间，清道光年间重建。楼呈四方形，底层四面为墙，各开有圆拱门，

四檐柱从底层直通至楼顶，梁柱交织，四面设窗。它是考试期间考官和执事官员警戒、发号施令

的地方。

如今楼下拱门内保留的明、清和民国年间的石碑，详尽记载了江南贡院的盛衰历史，有效地

保存封建时代科举考试的情景，还陈列着一组“江南贡院”的模型。20世纪80年代中期，有关

部门在此建立了“江南贡院历史陈列馆”。

【号舍】1分钟

1、号舍的历史沿革

夫子庙英文导游词