2021年长沙市第六中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

发布时间：2023-09-20 20:23:52

2021年长沙市第六中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
ElectricShocksCanBeFatal
GovernmentstatisticsrecentlyshowedthatintheUK,morethan3,000peopleayearexperienceelectricshocksintheirhomes.Asmallernumberofpeoplearekilledaftertheytouchthepowerlinesoutsidetheirhomes.Electricshockscancauseaperson'sheartorbreathtostopandarepotentiallyfatal.Itisessentialforpeopletolearnbasictechniquestodealwithsuchemergencies.
Whattodo?
●Ifyouarethefirstpersontoreachsomeonewhohasanelectricshock,don'ttouchhimorher!
●Ifthevictimisstillholdingtheappliancethatgiveshimorhertheshock(e.g.ahairdryer,unplugitorturnoffthepoweratitssource.Undernocircumstancescanyoutrytomovetheappliancewithyourhands!
●Ifyoucan'tturnoffthepower,useapieceofwood,likeabroomhandleorachair,toseparatethevictimfromtheapplianceorthepowersource.Youmayevenbeabletodothiswithafoldednewspaper.
●Thevictimmustremainlyingdown.Ifheorsheisunconscious,thevictimshouldbeplacedonhisorherside.Butheorsheshouldnotbemovedifthereisapossibilityofneckorspineinjuriesunlessitislynecessary.
●Itisessentialtomaintainthevictim'sbodyheat,somakesureyoucoverhimorherwithablanketbeforeyoudoanythingelse.Ifthevictimisnotbreathing,applymouth-to-mouthresuscitation(人工呼吸.Keepthevictim'sheadlowuntilprofessionalhelparrives.
●Iftheelectricshockhasbeencausedbyanexternalpowerline,thedangerstothevictimandtoanybodyprovidingfirstaidaremuchgreater.1.Whatkindofpassageisit?
A.Anadvertisement.B.Ahorrorstory.C.Anewsreport.D.Firstaidemergencyadvice.2.Theunderlinedsentenceimpliesthat________.A.youshouldmovetheappliance
B.youshouldpickuptheapplianceandturnofftheelectricityC.itisverydangeroustotouchtheappliancewithyourhands

D.itisunnecessarytounplugtheappliancewithyourhands3.Whenapersonhasgotanelectricshock,youshould________.A.separatethevictimfromtheapplianceandlethimsitupB.keepthevictimwarmandhelphimorherbreatheagain
C.movethevictimontohisorhersideifheorshehasgotneckinjuriesD.keepthevictim'sheadhighuntilprofessionalhelparrives
B
Lightpollutionisasignificantbutoverlookeddriveroftherapiddeclineofinsectpopulations,accordingtothemostcomprehensivereviewofthescientificevidencetodate.
Artificiallightatnightcanaffecteveryaspectofinsects'lives,theresearcherssaid."Westronglybelieveartificiallightatnight—incombinationwithhabitatloss,chemicalpollution.invasive(入侵的species,andclimatechange—isdrivinginsectdeclines,"thescientistsconcludedafterassessingmorethan150studies.
Insectpopulationcollapseshavebeenreportedaroundtheworld,andthefirstglobalscientificreviewpublishedinFebruary,saidwidespreaddeclinesthreatenedtocausea"catastrophiccollapseofnature'secosystems".
Therearethoughttobemillionsofinsectspecies,moststillunknowntoscience,andabouthalfareactiveatnight.Thoseactiveinthedaymayalsobedisturbedbylightatnightwhentheyareatrest.
Themostfamiliarimpactoflightpollutionismoths(飞蛾flappingaroundabulb,mistakingitforthemoon.Someinsectsusethepolarisationoflighttofindthewatertheyneedtobreed,aslightwaveslineupafterreflectingfromasmoothsurface.Butartificiallightcanscupper(使泡汤this.Insectsareimportantprey(猎物formanyspecies,butlightpollutioncantipthebalanceinfavourofthepredatorifittrapsinsectsaroundlights.Suchincreasesinpredationriskwerelikelytocausetherapidextinctionofaffectedspecies,theresearcherssaid.
Theresearcherssaidmosthuman-causedthreatstoinsectshaveanaloguesinnature,suchasclimatechangeandinvasivespecies.Butlightpollutionisparticularlyhardforinsectstodealwith.
However,unlikeotherdriversofdecline,lightpollutionislyeasytoprevent.Simplyturningofflightsthatarenotneededisthemostobviousaction,hesaid,whilemakinglightsmotion-activatedalsocutslightpollution.Shadinglightssoonlytheareaneededislitupisimportant.Itisthesamewithavoidingblue-whitelights,whichinterferewithdailyrhythms.LEDlightsalsoofferhopeastheycanbeeasilytunedtoavoidharmfulcoloursandflickerrates.
4.Whatisdiscussedinthepassage?

2021年长沙市第六中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

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