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发布时间：2024-01-20 13:30:32
一定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语主要由形容词担任。此外名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短
语）、分词也可以做定语。
abeautifulcity;abagfullofmoney.注意：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前
面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，若是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，
thirtywomenteachers;hisfather;thegirlinred.theboyfromAmericaOurmonitorisalwaysthefirststudenttoentertheclassroom.
fallingleaves;fallenleaves;theboyplayingbasketball;thebookboughtbymymother;areadingroom;aswimmingpoolHeisthemanwhoyouarelookingfor.二：定义及相关术语
1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。[
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why.1.Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethat/whichisred.↑↑先行词关系代词
likesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ilikefriendswholikesports.先行词关系代词[
likemusic.Themusicisquiet.Ilikemusicthat/whichisquiet.先行词关系代词
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句，连接主从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句
1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
MrLiuistheperson(whomyoutalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy
(whomIwanttosee.Theprofessor(whomyouarewaitingforhascome.Thegirl(whomtheteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.?
注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。Theman(whom/whoyoumetjustnowismyoldfriend.3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhichisbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthepen(whichheboughtyesterday.Thefilm(whichtheywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.。
4．That即可指人，也可指物.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorningThepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.
Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.[
YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.5．Whose即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：
Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow
Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow@
（一）限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况1．当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something除外,all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等不定代词修饰时。如： 