全国自考英语（二）模拟试卷(七)

一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四

个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. He assured us that he would be ______ served by a fitness program than by

learning to play bridge.

A. no good

B. none better

C. no better

D. not better

答案：C

2. Some argue that by their ______ nature, these elite places of learning should

not be easily accessible.

A. very

B. exactly

C. exact

D. just

答案：A

3. These future robots，______ with a sense of touch and the ability to see and

make decisions, will have plenty of work to do.

A. assembling

B. assembled

C. assemble

D. to have been assembled

答案：B

4. Picture yourself vividly as defeated and that ______ will make victory

impossible.

A. alone

B. lonely

C. lone

D. more lonely

答案：A

5. Grabbing Weinstein ______ the jaw, the attacker told her he had a gun and

forced her into her car.

A. with

B. to

C. in

D. by

答案：D

6. Basically, Such attitudes amount to a recognition ______ leisure is an

important area of life and a belief leisure can and should be put to good use.

A. which...that

B. that...which

C. which...which

D. that...that

答案：D

7. Schools usually set ______ their educational objective the attainment of a

balanced development of a person.

A. to

B. in

C. with

D. as

答案：D

8. This kind of cell phone is______available in any telecommunications shop.

A. costly

B. likely

C. readily

D. effectively

答案：B

解析：B costly有代价地 likely可能地 readily乐意地 effectively 有效地

9. Difficulties can bring______ a person’s best qualities.

A. down

B. forward

C. up

D. out

答案：D

解析：D bring down降低，减少；bring forward提出; bring up抚养；bring out使显现，显

示。

10. _____the numbers in employment,the hotel industry was the second largest

industry in this country last year.

A. In line with

B. In terms of

C. In contrast with

D. In accordance with

答案：B

解析：B in line with与…相一致；in terms of在…方面，就……来说；in contrast with和

……成对照；in accordance with依照，根据。

二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个

空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. Traveling can be fun and easy. A vacation trip to another country is especially

enjoyable when the traveling conditions are good. Good traveling conditions 1 a

comfortable mode of transportation, knowledge of the country’s language,

familiarity 2 the customs and habits of the people in the country, and pleasant

traveling companions. All of us have had nice trips 3 this.

Most of us have also had trips that we would 4 to forget. Many conditions can

produce a bad traveling experience. For example, if the four conditions listed above

do not exist, we will probably have a bad experience, 5 at best a difficult 6.

Students who travel to a foreign country to study often have a difficult trip. They

usually travel alone. They don’t know the language of the new country 7. They often

arrive in the new country 8 a huge international airport. From the airport, they

need to find their way to their school. Maybe they need to change airplanes, to take

a bus, a train, or a taxi. They need to do all this in a country 9 everything is

unfamiliar. Later, after the experiences are over, they can laugh. But at the 10,

they feel terrible.

(1).

(A). include

(B). conclude

(C). hold

(D). contain

答案：A

(2).

(A). to

(B). for

(C). of

(D). with

答案：D

(3).

(A). with

(B). as

(C). like

(D). of

答案：C

(4).

(A). have

(B). think

(C). wish

(D). need

答案：C

(5).

(A). or

(B). and

(C). but

(D). so

答案：A

(6).

(A). case

(B). one

(C). thing

(D). practice

答案：B

(7).

(A). yet

(B). either

(C). too

(D). already

答案：A

(8).

(A). at

(B). to

(C). on

(D). from

答案：A

(9).

(A). where

(B). that

(C). when

(D). which

答案：A

(10).

(A). date

(B). time

(C). while

(D). day

答案：B

三、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）从下列每篇短文

的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. In the late 1960’s many people in North America turned their attention to

environmental problems, and new steelandglass skyscrapers (摩天楼) were widely

criticized. Scientists pointed out that blocks of tall buildings in a city often

overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.

Skyscrapers are also big consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent

year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York

City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts—enough to

supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.

Glasswalled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain) through

a wall of halfinch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical brick

wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and

airconditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use doubleglazed

(装上玻璃的) panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold

mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirrorwalled

skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring

buildings.

Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city’s sanitation (卫生) facilities, too. If

fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone

generate 2.25 million gallons of raw wastes each year—as much as a city the size of

Stamford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109,000.

Skyscrapers also interfere with television reception, block bird flyways, and

obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960’s, some people even feared that

shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.

Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have

always built them—personal ambition (抱负) pride, and the desire of owners to have

the largest possible amount of rentable space.

(1). The main purpose of the passage is to _______.

(A). compare skyscrapers with other modern structures

(B). describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environment

(C). advocate the use of masonry(化妆舞会) in the construction of skyscrapers

(D). illustrate some architectural designs of skyscrapers

答案：B

(2). According to the passage, what is one disadvantage of skyscrapers that

have mirrored walls?

(A). The exterior surrounding air is heated.

(B). The windows must be cleaned daily.

(C). Construction time is increased.

(D). Extra airconditioning equipment is needed.

答案：A

(3). According to the passage, in the late 1960’s some residents of Boston were

concerned with which aspect of skyscrapers?

(A). The noise from their construction

(B). The removal of trees from building sites.

(C). The harmful effects on the city’s grass.

(D). The high cost of rentable office space.

答案：C

(4). The author raises issues that would most concern which of the following

groups?

(A). Electricians

(B). Environmentalists.

(C). Aviators

(D). Teachers.

答案：B

(5). Where in the passage does the author compare the energy consumption of

skyscrapers with that of a city?

(A). Lines 5-8.

(B). Lines 14-15

(C). Lines 20-22.

(D). Lines 23-25

答案：A

2. Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life

on Earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits within which organisms can

survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to

survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure

whatever weather conditions are likely to occur. In the harsh conditions of the

tundra, for example, low growing mosses(苔藓), lichens(地衣), and a few flowering

plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.

Animals, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much

influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are

so highly specialized that they have an extremely limited distribution. Others, such

as bears, are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Ocean dwelling

organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes—in this case temperature and

salinity(盐浓度，咸度)—as land animals. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm

seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that

their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among

the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and

their homes act as a sort of “miniature climate” that can be taken with them

everywhere.

(1). According to the passage, plants on the tundra grow in the ground _______.

(A). to avoid being eaten by arctic animals

(B). because fertilizer is not readily available

(C). to minimize exposure to the cold

(D). because unfrozen water supplies are very scarce

答案：C

(2). According to the passage, which of the following can be found in areas with

quite different climatic conditions on Earth?

(A). Reef corals

(B). Penguins.

(C). Bears

(D). Camels.

答案：C

(3). It can be inferred from the passage that foraminifers are a _______.

(A). . kind of weather pattern

(B). form of sea life

(C). species of tundra plant

(D). type of miniature penguin

答案：B

(4). According to the passage, human beings can survive almost everywhere on

earth because _______.

(A). they have developed advanced forms of transportation

(B). they have learned how to process seawater for drinking

(C). their body temperature can vary considerably

(D). their shelters and clothes help them to adapt themselves to the

environment

答案：D

(5). As used in the passage, the word “endure” means “_______.”

(A). keep silent

(B). to be defeated (shelters and clothes)

(C). surrender

(D). suffer

答案：D

3. Some psychologists maintain that mental acts such as thinking are not

performed in the brain alone,but that one’s muscles also participate. It may be

said that we think with our muscles in somewhat the same way that we listen to music

with our bodies.

You surely are nor surprised to be told that you usually listen to music not only

with your ears but with your whole body. Few people can listen to music that is more

or less familiar without moving their body or, more specifically, some part of their

body. Often when one listens to a concert on the radio, he is attracted to direct

the band even though he knows there is a good conductor on the job.

Strange as this behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. One cannot

derive all possible enjoyment from music unless he participates, so to speak, in its

performance. This listener“feels”himself into the music with more or less

noticeable motions of his body.

The muscles of the body actually participate in the mental process of thinking in

the same way, but this participation is less obvious because it is less noticeable.

(1). Some psychologists tend to believe that thinking is_______

(A). a process happening outside the brain

(B). a process that only involves one’s brain

(C). a process involving both the brain and muscles

(D). more of a physical process than a mental action

答案：C

(2). The process of thinking and that of listening to music is similar in

that______.

(A). both processes are less noticeable

(B). neither involves the use of the brain

(C). both bring enjoyment to a person

(D). neither is solely a mental process

答案：D

(3). Few people are able to listen to familiar music on the radio without______.

(A). singing along with the music

(B). moving some parts of their bodies

(C). stopping the job they are doing

(D). wishing to see the actual performance

答案：B

(4). Muscle participation in the process of thinking is________.

(A). purposeful

(B). apparent

(C). indistinct

(D). impressive

答案：C

(5). The passage is concerned primarily with______.

(A). muscle participation in mental activities

(B). muscle participation in mental appreciation

(C). the difference between thinking and music appreciation

(D). the relationship between thinking and music appreciation

答案：A

四、Word Spelling(20 points,0.5 point for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语。

每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

1. 固定；系 v. a

答案：attach

2. 客观的；真实的 a. o

答案： objective

3. 法律上的；合法的 a. l

答案： legal

4. 近似的；大约的 a. a

答案：approximate

5. 有关的；担心的 a. c

答案：concerned

6. 承认；致谢 v. a

答案：acknowledge

7. 计算机化 v. c

答案：computerize

8. 考虑；体谅 n. c

答案：consideration

9. 被动的；消极的 a. p

答案：passive

10. 外在的；外部的 a. e

答案： external

11. 坚持地；固执地 ad. p

答案：persistently

12. 多媒体 n. m

答案：multimedia

13. 忠诚；忠心 n. l

答案：loyalty

14. 宇宙的；普遍的 a. u

答案： universal

15. 发言人；代言人 n. s

答案：spokesman

16. 禁止 v. p____________

答案：prohibit

17. 成功v. s_______

答案：succeed

18. 位置，场所n. . l________

答案：location

19. 可能地adv. p________

答案：probably

20. 供应n. s______

答案：supply

五、Word Form(10 points,1 point each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。

答案写在答题纸上。

1. The surface of some areas consists ___(large) of high mountains and deep

valley.

答案： largely

2. In an urban society experiences of a different nature, ___(be) it television

watching or birdwatching, can lead to a selfrenewal and a more “balanced” way of

life.

答案：be

3. To assume the care for them can help ___(bring) out the humanity in our

children and even in us.

答案：bring

4. I would sooner you ___(come) tomorrow.

答案： came

5. Other engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such

as whether to discard ___(defect) parts in finished products.

答案：defective

6. I was supposed to ___ (pay) ￡120 but I never received that amount.

答案： be paid

7. A decision is a choice ___(make) from among alternative courses of action that

are available.

答案：made

8. ___(win) the presidency, a candidate must receive at least 270 votes, an

electoral majority.

答案： To win

9. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy ___ (swallow)

up stars at a very rapid rate.

答案：swallowing

10. Taken together,these things have implications which are only beginning

_______(acknowledge).

答案：to be acknowledged. 因为begin 后面要接不定式，these things和acknowledge是被动

关系，所以用不定式的被动式。

六、Translation from Chinese into English(15 points,3 points each)将下列各句

译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

1. 如果你束手无策，就听其自然好了。

答案： You’d better leave things alone if you don’t know how to deal with them.

2. 我们提出了抗议，但没有效果。

答案：We protested but to (of) no avail.

3. 我们可以保证把工作做好。

答案：We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way.

4. 不论她如何说，我也不相信这个消息。

答案：Despite what she says, I don’t believe the news.

5. 只是在近几年天文学家才开始具体研究黑洞。

答案：It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black

holes.

七、Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答

案写在答题纸上。

1. What is a good education? Is it one that covers as much as possible of human

history and achievements, past and present? Or one that gives graduates the ability

to find employment promptly when they leave school? Is it a broad education or a

specialized one? Should it provide students with a vast collection of facts, or

merely train them to think? Should a future engineer gain only the knowledge that

will enable him to do his job properly, or would a richer background improve his

professional ability as well as his personal life? The debate goes on and on, with

good arguments on both sides.

In the eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries, the question was not even worth

asking. A good education was, of course, a broad one based on the humanities. An

educated man knew “something about everything”. He was familiar with the great

deeds and the great ideas of the past. He had read extensively; he was able to use

his own language correctly and often elegantly. He could join in any conversation

about plants, planets, painters, or politics. He was at ease in the world, and he

knew that his education would open to him any career that he might want to try. Even

if he was mostly interested in literature, he had some knowledge of the sciences and

the techniques of his time.

答案：什么是良好的教育？是不是一种尽可能包罗我们的历史和今昔成就的教育？或是一种使毕

业生在离校后能马上找到职业的教育？那是一种一般的教育还是专门教育？它应该给学生提供大

量收集来的事实， 还是训练他们思考？一个未来的工程师是否只应该获得能使他干好本职工作

的知识？更广博的知识是否不仅会改善他的个人生活而且也可提高他的业务能力？这个问题至今

争论不休，双方都有充分的论据。

在18、19世纪，这个问题甚至不值得一提。良好的教育当然是基于人文学科的一般性教育。一个

受过教育的人“凡事都懂一点”。他熟悉古代的伟大业绩和思想，他博览群书，能正确地使用他

的语言，而且常常用得很高雅。他能参加任何关于植物、行星、画家或政治的谈话。他日子过得

自在舒畅，知道他所受的教育会给自己开辟任何他想从事的事业的道路。他虽然对文学深感兴趣

，但也懂得一些科学知识和他那个时代的技术。

全国自考英语（二）模拟试卷（七）及答案