英语专业八级测试汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解

发布时间:2011-03-21 23:19:17

英语专业八级测试

汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解

(一)词的翻译

1、词义选择

所谓词义选择,是指词本来就有这个意思,问题是要我们去选,把其在特定场合的正确意思选出来。正确选词是保证译文质量的重要环节,如果能做到在词语概念和字面形式上都对等当然最好,如果不能兼顾,则取概念,舍形式。越是普通的词,越是拥有繁多的释义和搭配,翻译过程中的词义也就越难以确定。选词时,要注意词义的广狭、所处语境、词的褒贬和色彩进行翻译。

1)语境词

汉语有些词语的含义会因语境而发生微妙的变化,称之为语境词,应紧密结合上下文译成相应的词,不能按照原词的字面意思来译。

1

原文:在得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道2003真题)

译文:Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.

分析:横行霸道在此并无任意欺凌他人之意,而是为所欲为,想干什么就干什么,不受限制,可用get everything in my own way get all things my own waybe the bully表达。

2

原文:钓鱼可分为三个阶段2001真题)

译文:There are three states for fishing

分析:根据上下文,三个阶段指的是钓鱼的三种境界,不是钓鱼具体的步骤,不能按字面意思译为three stages,应根据内涵译为three states

3

原文:跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪,这是我们必须回答的问题。(1998真题)

译文:What kind of attitude the cross-century young generation will have to meet the new century that promises so much hope is the question we must answer.

It is the question we must answer that what kind of attitude the cross-century young generation will have to meet the new century with so much hope.

分析:姿态在这里是抽象含义,即态度,因此应译为attitude,而不是gesturepose等表示具体动作的词。

4

原文:美国内部对中国政策究竟怎么样,我们还要观察。

译文:We still have to wait and see what China policy will be pursued by the American authorities. (the American government)

分析:美国内部并非指美国国内,而是指美国领导层。within the U.S.不足以传达这样的意思。

We still have to wait and see what China policy will be pursued by the American authorities (government).

5

原文:因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。(2006真题)

译文:…because the degree of which is changing (moving ×) with the expansion of one’s desire and ambition.

分析:应准确把握转移这个词在这里的确切含义,切忌望文生义。

2)表意模糊的词

有些汉语词语比较笼统,表意模糊,译成英语时应突破汉语重直觉、重表象的思维模式,寻求词语的确切含义。

1

原文:昨天看电影我没有买到好票。

译文:I did not buy a good seat for yesterday’s film.

分析:好票比较笼统,实际上是指好座位

2

原文:这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才。

译文:The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society.

分析:输送具体来说是指培养出人才译为qualified graduates更具体。

3)比喻词汇

汉语有许多比喻词汇,表面意义和喻指含义完全不同,英译时应跳出机械对应的思维定式,动态地译出其潜在含义。

1

原文:老师答应给这几个学生吃小灶

译文:The teacher has promised to give these students special tuition.

分析:吃小灶在这里指的是个别辅导

2

原文:他是个墙头草,谁硬就跟谁。

译文:He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger.

分析:墙头草是个比喻,与英语中sit on the fence含义一样。译文为译出内在含义舍弃了其表面意义。

2、词类转换

1)动词名词

1

原文:他得出这一结论是深思熟虑的结果。

译文:His arrival at this conclusion was the result of much thought.

分析:英语中有大量行为抽象名词表示行为或动作意义,如advice, agreement, arrival, defence, exception, increase, knowledge, praise, use等。

2

原文:吃头两个主菜时,也是赞不绝口。(2004真题)

译文:You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.

2)动词介词

   例:

    原文:这样,每个地方都有自己的传说,风俗也就衍传了下来。(2002真题)

    译文:Thus, every place, with its own legends and tales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.

3)动词形容词

     使用与动词同源的词,译文有时比直接使用动词更地道、标准。

1

原文:所以人们对于大自然,全都一致并深深地依赖着。(2002真题)

译文:Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on Nature.

2

原文:他对过去追悔莫及,并保证永远不再开汽车。

译文:He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars once and for all.

4)形容词或副词名词

例:

原文:只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。(2007真题)

译文:…leaving these livings to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom.

5)名词动词

    例:

    原文:大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。

      译文:People, rich or poor, are equally favored by Nature.

3、词的增补

1)语法需要

1

原文:面对一池碧水,将忧心烦恼全都抛到一边,使自己的身心得到充分休息。(2001真题)

译文:When facing a pool of green water, you forget all your worries and annoyance and enjoy a good rest, both mentally and physically. 增译出句中隐含的代词

2

原文:在我所呆的三年半中,共有14位学生被招进他的实验室,最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。(1997真题)

译文:During the three and a half years I stayed at the lab, a total of 14 students were recruited to his lab, but only 5 of them got their doctor’s degrees at last.

分析:汉译英时需补充连词,保持句子结构完成。

3

原文:有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的,好环境便会给人好心情。(2001真题)

译文:A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.

4

原文:农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多,因此欲望也小得多。(2006真题)

译文:People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their desires are far less either.

分析:英语中用得最多的介词有九个:at, by, for, from, in, of, on, to, with。根据上下文灵活选择介词。

2)意思表达需要

1

原文:世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。(2000真题)

译文:The third-generation museums in the world are run on entirely new concepts.

分析:充满全新理念的含义是说博物馆的创建、运营理念与众不同,如果按字面意思译为full of new ideas/concepts,就会造成博物馆里到处都是新理念的误解。

2

原文:这个车间既做来料加工,也做来样加工。

译文:This workshop processes raw materials on client’s demand and processes according to investor’s samples as well.

分析:浓缩的意合词,应译出完整含义。

3

原文:这是黄河滩上的一幕。(2007真题)

译文:This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River.

3)文化背景解释的需要

三个臭皮匠,胜过诸葛亮。/ The wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind.

黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。/The weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen – not with the best of intensions.

4、词的减省

把原文中一些仅为语法需要而存在的词、词组加以适当省略,达到译文通顺、意思完整、句子精练的目的。

1

原文:于是转喜为怒,转赞美为责备挑剔,转首肯为摇头。(2004真题)

译文:The happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.

2

原文:种植庄稼和葡萄,酿酒和饮酒,喂牛和挤奶,锄草和栽花2002真题)

译文:Planting crops and grapes; brewing and drinking wines; raising and milking cows; weeding and planting flowers…(减省重复的名词短语)

3

原文:用点画成线,用线画成平面,用平面画成立体。

译文:With points you can make a line; with line, planes; with planes, solids. (减省主谓句子成分)

5、词的替代

汉译英时可用替代的方法来避免重复,英语中主要有三种替代现象:名词成分替代、谓语成分替代和分句替代。

1)名词成分替代

用代词替代重复出现的名词

1

原文:有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的,好环境便会给人好心情。(2001真题)

译文:A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.

2

原文:狡猾的人轻视学问;愚昧的人羡慕学问;聪明的人利用学问。

译文:Crafty men contemn (despise, disregard) studies; benighted men admire them; and wise men use them.

用名词性替代词替代重复出现的名词

可用于替代的此类名词包括enough, half, the same, the kind, the sort, the former, the latter, the issue等。

例:

原文:——你最喜欢哪个男孩? ——最高的那个男孩。

译文:--Which boy do you like best? --The tallest one.

同义词替代

同义词替代指用不同名词来表示同一个人或事物,常是概括词(generic term)和下属词(specific word)之间的替换。如用the furniture替代table,用vehicle替代car,用the animal替代horse等,以免重复。

例:

原文:另外一种方法是化学方法。

译文:Another method is the chemical approach.

(2) 谓语成分替代

可用于代替重复出现的动词,或整个谓语部分。此类替代词包括do及其搭配do so, do it, do that, do this, do the same等,替代句型包括so do/be/will+主语、so+主语+do/be/willas be+主语等。

1

原文:我不愿为占用你的时间而道歉,我占用你的时间是有道理的。

译文:I will not apologize for trespassing on your time. I have a good reason for doing so/that.

2:

原文:他说他很勤奋,他确实很勤奋。

译文:You say he is diligent, so he is.

3

原文:成绩有两重性,错误也有两重性。

译文:Achievement has a dual character, and so do mistakes.

4

原文:自周秦以来,中国是一个封建社会,其政治是封建的政治,其经济是封建的经济。

译文:From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards, Chinese society was feudal, as were its politics and economy.

3)分句替代

用替代词so/ not来替代充当宾语的that从句;用   if soif not替代条件状语从句;用so代替整个从句。

1

原文;——明天会下雨吗? ——我想不会/会下雨。

译文:----Will it rain tomorrow? ----I guess not/so.

2

原文:你会来出席会议吗?假如不出席会议,请及早通知我们。

译文:Will you come to attend the meeting? If not, please notice us as soon as possible.

3

原文:得罪了你就得罪了你。

译文:If you were offended, so be it.

(二)句的翻译

汉语造句以名词为重心,以词组、散句和分句为手段,善于按时间、逻辑顺序进行横排式叙述,其中各种逻辑关系含而不露,甚至断句不严,外形松散、自由,富于弹性。而英语则以——的主干结构为中心来统领各语言成分,句界分明,外形严谨。

汉译英时,译文在逻辑和外形上应体现出英语的特点。对于单句,首先应当确立句子的主干及句型;对于复杂的句子或长句,则需要确立信息中心,根据上下文行文需要进行句子组合,可以译为并列句、复合句(名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句)、并列复合句或使用独立结构等。

1、确立主干

   汉译英时,不管汉语句子如何复杂,首先要考虑英语的基本组句框架,始终不能脱离——主干这一总的框架,然后进行相应的时态变化、语态变化、语气变化、句式转换(肯定、否定、疑问、强调句式、倒装句式等)、增加定语、状语修饰成分、插入语等。

1)确立主语

避免主语机械对应

例:

原文:这个地区比较多雨。

译文1It rains a lot in this area.

译文2This area sees much rain.

译文3There is much rain in this area.

分析:汉语主语的角度变化很少,英语则变化较多,英语主语有多种选择。

时间词或方位词在主语位置

有些汉语句子常把时间词或方位词放在句首充当主语,译成英语时往往采用there be结构。

1

原文:山脚下住着一位老妇人。

译文:There lives an old lady at the foot of the mountain.

2

原文:明天下大雪。

译文:There will be a heavy snow tomorrow.

汉语主语是复合结构

汉语的动词词组、主谓结构或句子作主语时,往往译成“it”作主语的英语句子。“it”充当形式主语是英语组句的一大优势,它还可以表示天气、时间、强调等。

1:信不信是你自己的事。 It is your concern whether you believe me or not.

2 最好是等他们回来。   It may be advisable to wait till they come back.

3:勤能补拙              It is diligence that makes for deficiency.

2)确立谓语

汉语的谓语具有开放性,除了动词之外,名词、形容词等词类都可以直接充当谓语,而且可以几个动词连用(横排式),而英语的谓语通常只能由某个动词或系表结构担任,其他动词往往以非谓语动词的形态出现。

1

原文:在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。 2004真题)

译文:We shouldn’t be too romantic about human relationships.

分析:汉语中名词可充当谓语,英译文中转为系表结构。

2

原文:愈吃愈趋于冷静2004真题)

译文:The more you eat, the calmer you will become.

3

原文:当他活着一天,总要尽量多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。(2005真题)

译文:As long as they are living, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.

分析:汉语谓语动词时态、情态及语态是隐性的,英译文中应变为显形,例2和例3的译文分别补充出汉语中隐藏的时态。

2、语序调整

1)定语的位置

汉语的定语通常在修饰词之前;英语的定语位置分两种:前置和后置。单词充当定语通常放在被修饰的中心词前;而短语和从句作定语则多置于所修饰的中心语之后。

1

原文:它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。(2000真题)

译文:…which present the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at various stages.

2

原文:钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动,有益于身心健康。(2001真题)

译文:Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.

2)状语的位置

    1

原文:我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界,一片喧闹。(2003真题)

译文:Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden. (状语前置)

2

原文:中华民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切。(2006真题)

译文:Chinese people has never regarded human being as the highest creature among everything else since ancient times. (状语后置)

3

原文:我吃了晚饭后出去散步。

译文:I went out for a walk after I had my dinner.

/ After I had my dinner, I went out for a walk.

汉语按事情发生先后叙述,而英语中时间状语从句可在主句前,也可在主句后。

4

原文:他本来在天津开会,会议一结束,他就上北京去度假了,昨天才坐飞机回来。

译文:He had flown yesterday from Beijing where he spent his vacation after finishing the meeting he had taken part in Tianjin.

分析:多个时间状语出现时,汉语按时间先后顺序排列,而英语中状语的顺序则比较灵活。

5

原文:他是1970520日在北京朝阳区出生的。

译文:He was born in Chaoyang District of Beijing on May 20, 1970.

分析:汉语中时间状语在地点状语之前,时间状语与地点状语按从大到小的顺序排列,而英语中地点状语在时间状语之前,时间状语与地点状语按从小到大的顺序排列。

3)汉英语言叙事重心不同

汉语先叙事,而后表态或评论,以突出话题,这种句子被称为主题句。汉译英时有时会译为掉尾句,即先表态或进行评论,后叙事,以突出主句。

1

原文:下次会议要讨论什么,你给我们透透风吧。

译文:Will you give us some idea of what will be taken up at the next meeting?

2

原文:万一有什么困难,请给我们一个信。

译文:Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.

4)强弱词语的顺序不同

表示感情色彩的轻重、强弱时,汉语将重的内容、强的词语放在前面;英语将语义轻的内容、弱的词语放在前面,基本原则是前轻后重,前简后繁。

1

原文:一霎时,一阵被人摒弃,为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头,禁不住痛哭起来。

2003真题)

译文:In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.

分析:原文中,感情色彩较重的词摒弃在前,相对较弱的词遗忘在后,但在英译文中却应调整。

2

原文:救死扶伤,实行革命的人道主义。

译文:Heal the wounded, rescue the dying, practice revolutionary humanitarianism.

5)否定的转移

例:

原文:他要等你答应帮助他后才肯走。

译文:He won’t go away until you promise to help her.

6)习惯用法

1

原文:衣食住行是老百姓关心的大问题。

译文:Food, clothing, shelter and transportation are the biggest concern of the common people.

2

原文:他饥寒交迫,吃了不少苦。

译文:He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger.

3、语态对译

指主动语态与被动语态的转换。汉语中被动句的使用范围相当窄,而英语中被动句表现能力强,使用频率高。汉译英时,必要时应改变句子的语态,以适应表达的需要。

1

原文:大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。(2002真题)

   译文:People, rich or poor, are equally favored by Nature.

2

原文:我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等莫不如此。(2005真题)

译文:Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, great politicians and thinkers of past dynasties. 原文主语太长,可用被动句表达。

1)汉语中有很多无形式标志的被动句,特别要注意把字句/将字句…的是这样的隐性被动结构,汉译英时都应转为英语被动结构。

1

原文:考试后三日出榜。

译文:The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exams.

2

原文:他的话把我搞糊涂了。

译文:I was confused/puzzled at his words.

3

原文:相对论是爱因斯坦提出的。

译文:The theory of relativity was put forward by Einstein.

4

原文:推荐我的是一位教授。

译文:I was recommended by a professor.

2)汉语以泛称如大家人们有人等作主语时,英译时常使用被动结构。当含有据说据悉据信等不定人称的词语时,通常用固定的被动结构翻译。

1

原文:可以说,加拿大除了印第安人以外,无一不是外来移民,不同的只是时间长短而已。(1999真题)

译文:It can be said that all Canadians except the American Indians are immigrants who differ only in the length of time they have settled in Canada.

2

原文:有人听见呼救的声音。

译文:Voices were heard calling for help.

3

原文:无可否认,他是对的。

译文:It can not be denied that he is right.

3)汉语表示被动意义的句子在译文中通常用被动语态表达,但个别情况例外:表示开始结束意思的不及物动词;表示移位运转意思的动词;无灵主语的动作正在进行等。

1:会议在热烈的掌声中闭幕了。 The meeting ended in warm applause.

2:货物移动了位置。 The cargo has shifted.

3:蔬菜正在锅里做着。 The vegetables are cooking.

4:该方案需要进一步讨论。The plan required further discussing.

5、长句的翻译

1)原序对译

即顺译法。这种方法多用于单一主语的长句,但要分清句中的信息重心。

1

原文:当他活着一天,总要尽量多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。(2005真题)

译文:As long as they are living, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.

2

原文:一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里,顿感被打入冷宫,十分郁郁不得志起来。(2003真题)

译文:Once segregated and confined in a small house on the hillside of the garden, I felt like being deposed into a cold palace, and I began to taste the bitterness of depression and frustration immediately.

3

原文:我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界,一片喧闹。(2003真题)

译文:Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.

4

原文:其中有一半是近5年才来温哥华地区的,这使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。(1999真题)

译文:Half of them have come to Vancouver area the past five years only, making the largest Chinese settlement outside Asia.

5

原文:我的导师是个亚裔人,嗜烟好酒,脾气暴躁1997真题)

译文:My superior, an Asian American with a hot temper, was addicted to smoking and drinking.

6

原文:中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切,在哲学文艺方面的表现反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比较较为恰当的地位,而非绝对统治万物的主宰。(2006真题)

译文:Chinese people has never regarded human being as the highest creature among everything else since ancient times, whose behavior in both philosophy and arts takes a rather appropriate proportion with all others in the natural world, but not as an absolute dominant ruler.

2)分句合译

汉译英时,汉语中教高层次的单位译为英语中层次较低一级的单位。

1

原文:他们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来,看一眼这美丽的黄昏。(2007真题)

译文:Hardly any of them cares to look up and throws a glance at the beautiful twilight.

2

原文:一个人的生命究竟有多大意义,这有什么标准可以衡量吗?(2005真题)

译文:Could there be any standard to evaluate the meaning of one’s life?

3

原文:求学是一件艰苦的事情,许多人不能忍受那必经的艰苦,所以不能成功。

译文:To learn, actually, is to experience the indispensable pain and those who can not get it over with can not become learned.

分析:合译为一个并列句。

3)断句分译

汉语多流水句,一个长句可能有多个主语,英语一句话只能有一个主语,因此,应当把长句拆开来翻译。

1

原文:一个春天的傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,一时宾客云集,笑语四溢。(2003真题)

译文:One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom. Instantly, a crowd of their guests collected and their laughter was heard all over there.

2

原文:这次到台湾访问交流,虽然行程匆匆,但是,看了不少地方,访了旧友,交了新知,大家走到一起,谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。(1998真题)

译文:The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. An important topic for discussing at our gatherings was the prosperity of Chinese nation in the 21st century.

4)主次信息句

在汉语中,有时两个或两个以上的不同主语的句子在表面上是并列的,没有主从或偏正关系,但实际上有内在的逻辑关联和主次之分,因此不宜断句分译,而应把主要信息译为完整的句子,把次要信息以独立结构的形式体现。

1

原文:在世纪之交的伟大时代,我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强,海峡两岸人民也将加强交流,共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。(1998真题)

译文:

1. At the turn of the century, our motherland is becoming more prosperous and powerful. People across the Straits will strengthen their exchanges, and work together to realize the cause of the reunification of their motherland.

2. At the turn of the century, as our motherland is becoming more prosperous and powerful, people across the Straits will strengthen their exchanges, and work together to realize the cause of the reunification of their motherland.

3. At the turn of the century, our motherland becoming more prosperous and powerful, people across the Straits will strengthen their exchanges, and work together to realize the cause of the reunification of their motherland.

分析:这个句子有三种处理方式。可以根据分句的不同主语,断句分译,译为两个独立的句子;也可以根据信息重心的主次,将次要信息我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强译为时间状语从句或独立结构。

2

原文:很难说他什么时候回家,我得上床睡觉了。

译文:There being no telling when he’ll be home, I have to go to bed now.

3

原文:这位民族英雄没有死,他的故事照亮了千百万人的心。

译文:This national hero lives on, his story lighting up the hearts of millions of people.

4

原文:在得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道。(2003真题)

译文:

1. Before I became ill, I was much petted by my parents, doing everything at will in the home.

2. Before I fell ill, my parents dotted on me a lot. I could have my way at home.

3. Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.

分析:首先要确定这句话的信息重心。虽然没有连接词,但仍有内在的逻辑关系。受父母宠爱是因,在家中横行霸道是果,作为结果的后半句是全句的信息重心。译文1颠倒了信息重心,译文2则把一句有内在逻辑关联的话分成了两句,模糊了信息重心。译文3突出了信息重心,并通过添加owing to表现出隐藏的逻辑关系。

6、无主句

汉译英时,需要补出省略的主语,或改变句型结构,以符合译语习惯。

1

原文:但是,大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真,看他对待工作、生活的态度如何,也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。(2005真题)

译文:However, if we, on the whole, can find out whether his attitude towards his life is serious or not and what are his attitude towards his life and work, it would not be that difficult to make an appropriate evaluation of the meaning of one’s life.

2

原文:开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候,印象很好。(2004真题)

译文:The starter or cold dish will leave you a very good impression.

分析:译文没有补充we作主语,而是把句中的逻辑宾语充当了译文的主语。

3

原文:没有安定的政治环境,干什么都不成。

译文:Nothing can be accomplished without a stable political environment.

4

原文:尤其在乡间,上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄,酿酒和饮酒,喂牛和挤奶,除草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜,在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌2002真题)

学译:Especially in the countryside, people have been living in the same styles for thousands of years ---- plant crops and grape, make wine and drink it, feed cows and milk them, kill grasses and give birth to flowers, go to church, and on festivals they go to the square for dance, sing and play the instruments.

译文:

1. This is particularly true in the countryside where people have been living in the same styles for thousands of years ---- planting crops and grapes; brewing and drinking wines; raising and milking cows; weeding and planting flowers; going to churches on weekend and praying; playing music, dancing and singing in the square on holidays.

2. This is particularly true in the countryside where people have been living in the same styles for thousands of years. They grow crops and grapes; brew and drink wines; raise and milk cows; weed and plant flowers; they go to churches and pray on weekends, and sing, dance and play music in the square on holidays.

分析:学生在处理这一连串无主句时,受汉语影响,译成了一系列没有主语的英语句子。事实上,它们可以译成分词短语,也可以与前面的句子断开,补充主语,译为独立的句子。

英语专业八级测试汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解

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