中考英语《特殊句式》精析

一、what引导的感叹句结构解密

【真题1】 (2019年广东卷)－Aamir Khan played the part of a great father in the movie The

Tale of Fatherly Love.

－ excellent actor he is!

A. What 　　　　　　　　　　　　　B. What a

C. What an 　　　　　　　　　　　　　D. How

【解析】感叹句结构:How+adj./ adv.+主语+谓语!What+a/an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语!What + adj.+不可数名词/名词复数十主语+谓语!根据excellent actor可知用What引导感叹句;又excellent以元音音素开头，actor是可数名词，应用an。故选C。

【真题2】(2019年连云港卷)－ delicious food you served us tonight! Thank you

very much!

－I'm glad that you enjoyed it.

A. How 　　　　　　　　　 B. How a

C. What 　　　　　　　　　D. What a

【解析】对名词感叹用What，又food是不可数名词。故选C。

【真题3】 (2019年昆明卷)－Have you watched the boat races this Dragon Boat Festival?

－Yes. wonderful races!

A. What an 　　　　　　　　 B. What a

C. What 　　　　　　　　 D. How

【解析】How只感叹形容词或副词，而“形容词十可数名词复数”用What来感叹。故选C。

二、how引导的感叹句结构解密

【真题4】(2019年四川眉山卷)－Did you watch the TV show Running Man last night?

－Yes, I did. exciting it was!

　A. How 　　　　　　　　　　 B. What an

　 C. What 　　　　　　　　　　　D. How an

【解析】要感叹的exciting为形容词，故用How引导。符合感叹句“How+形容词/副词+主语十谓语!”结构。故选A。

【真题５】 (2019年随州卷) important it is for kids to imagine freely!

A. What 　　　　　　　　　　 B. How

C. How an 　　　　　　　　　　D. What an

【解析】感叹部分为important，感叹句中常用How修饰形容词或副词，故选B。

【真题6】 (2019年东营卷) exciting it is! Our country put her first homemade　aircraft carrier(国产航空母舰)in the water on　April 26 in Dalian.

A. How B. What

C. How an D. What an

【解析】本句感叹中心词为形容词exciting ,故用How引导，故选A。

【小贴士】巧记感叹句歌诀:

感叹句，要牢记，what与how少不了。

感叹名词用what，感叹形、副必用how。

名词复数、不可数，前面不用a与an。

要使句子更简洁，主谓部分也可略。

三、祈使句常见结构解密

【真题7】(2019年长沙卷) careful1y, please! Look at the road sign. There is a

school ahead.

A. Drive B. To drive C. Driving

【解析】祈使句以行为动词原形开头，故选A。

【真题8 ) (2019年永州卷)David, make trouble at school.

A. can't 　　　　　　　 B. don't 　　　　　　　 C. doesn't

【解析】根据语境知，本句应是一种命令，这是一个祈使句，祈使句是用动词原形开头的，否定句用don't…。故选B。

【真题9】 (2019黄冈模拟卷)－ late for school again, Tim!

－Sony, I promise that I .

A. Don't; won't

B. Don't be; won't

C. Don't be; don't

D. Don't; will

【解析】以be动词或行为动词原形开头的祈使句一般是在动词原形的前面加don't构成否定句，下文的意思是“发誓自己不迟到了”。故选B。

四、考查倒装句

【真题10】(2019年天水卷)－It's very cold in Shengyang in winter.

－ here.

A. So it is B. So is it

C. So it does D. So does it

【解析】“so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”表示“也……”;“so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词”表示“确实如此”，用于强调或同意。结合题意可知选A。

【真题11】(2019年宿迁卷)－I don't like horror films. They're terrible.

A. Either I do B. Neither I do

C. Either do I D. Neither do I

【解析】承接上文，用neither或nor引导倒装句，表示“也不”。上文助动词用do，下文也用do。故选D。

【真题12】 (2019年恩施卷)－The weather changes often in June.

－ .The highest temperature yesterday was 320C but it's just 180C today.

A .So it is 　　　　　　　B .So it does 　　　　　　　　　 C .So does it

【解析】由空后的“昨天最高温度32℃今天18℃”可知天气的确经常变化，此处表示“赞同”，用“So十主语十助动词”的形式。故选B。

【助记】So的三种句型秀

So助主，So助主

倒装语序跟着so,

表示某某“也同样”，

前后主语不一样。

So主助，So主助，

　正常语序跟着so,

“的确如此”“是这样”，

前后主语要一样。

　主行so，主行so,

“行so”不变放主后，

　表示“做了那件事”，

　代替前面免重复。

注释:1.“so +(be动词、助动词、情态动词)+主语”，意为“也”，“同样”。表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人(物)，此句为一倒装句。

2.“so+主语+(be动词、助动词、情态动词)”，表示“赞同”，意为“不错、的确、确实。”注意:前后两个句子指的是同一人(物)。

3.“主语+行为动词+so” , so在此处为代词，用以代替前面的情况，意为“……是这样做的。”

五、考查there be句型

【真题13】(2019年广东卷)－Is there any outdoor learning in your school?

－ .　We learn outdoors once or twice every month.

A. Yes, there is B. No, there isn't

C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn't

【解析】根据第一句“Is there…”可知，回答应是“Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. ”，又由于后文的“We learn outdoors once or twice every month.”可知，回答应是肯定的。故选A。

【真题14】(2019年白银卷)There a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.

A. will B. is going to have

C. is going to be D. will have

【解析】由this afternoon可知句子用将来时态。there be句型的将来时用there will be或there is going to be表示。故选C。

【真题15】 (2019年南京卷)Look! There a photo of our English teacher in today's

newspaper!

A. is B. are C. have D. has

【解析】there be…表示“有……”，后面的名词a photo是单数，因此动词用is。故选A。

【真题16】(2019年黔东南州卷)There a book and four pens on the desk.

A. has B. is C. are D. have

【解析】there be句型有两个并列主语a book和four pens, be动词的单复数形式遵循就近原则，即哪个名词离be动词近，就根据它用单复数，此处a book离be动词近，故用be动词的单数形式is。故选B。

【助记】

There be句型可译“有”,be动跟着名词走1;

名词单数不可数，当用is记清楚2;

如果名词是复数，用are一定要记住3;

并列主语特殊记，“就近原则”用仔细4。

注释:1. There be句型用来表示某处有某物，是“存在”的有。There的后面紧跟着be动词。

2.当be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时，be动词用is。

3.如果be动词后面的名词是复数时，be动词用are。

4.如果一个句子里出现了并列的主语，就遵循“就近原则”，即根据靠近be动词的那个主语来决定be动词的单复数形式。

六、考查反意疑问句

【真题17】(2019年龙东卷)Let's go to Disneyland in Shanghai in August, ?

A. shall we B. will you C. won't you

【解析】反意疑问句由“陈述句+附加疑问句”构成。Let's引导的祈使句，附加疑问句用shall we。故选A。

【真题18】(2019年鄂州卷)一He didn't go to school late yesterday, did he?

一 ，though it rained hard yesterday.

A . No , he didn't B . Yes , he didn't

C .Yes, he did D . No , he did

【解析】对反意疑问句的回答，不管问题的问法如何，若事实是肯定的，就用“Yes，主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词”，否定的，就用“No ,主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词+not”。当反意疑问句的结构为前否后肯时，yes译为“不”,no译为“是”，这一点与汉语不同。B,D选项本身就是错误的，希望同学们不要被其迷惑，结合答语可知选A。

【真题19】(2019年龙东卷)一There is little pollution in that village, ?

一No. The air there is quite fresh and clean.

A. is there B. isn't there C. is it

【解析】there be句型的反意疑问句疑问部分为“be (not) + there”的形式，little表示否定，故疑问部分用肯定形式，故选A。

【小贴士】陈述部分含有never, few, little, nothing, nobody, no, hardly, none, seldom等表示否定意义的词时，其疑问部分应用肯定形式。

【真题20】(2019年上海卷)Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine,?

A. is she B. does she

C. isn't she D. doesn't she

【解析】反意疑问句的尾句必须在人称、数和时态上与陈述部分保持一致，stops是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，never表示否定，所以尾句助动词只能用肯定形式does，又主语为To Youyou，当陈述句的主语部分为名词时，尾句的主语用相应的人称代词形式。故选B。

【助记】前肯后否是习惯，

前否后肯也常见。

还有一点需注意，

短语代词作主语１。

小提示:反意疑问句是由一个陈述句和一个省略的疑问句构成的，这个省略问句的主语要用代词。

七、考查疑问句

【真题21】(2019年潍坊卷)一 is it from your home to your school?

一It is about 10 minutes' ride.

A. How long B. How soon

C. How far D. How often

【解析】how long“多长时间”;how soon“多久以后”;how far“多远”;how often“多久一次”。答语是距离，应用how far提问，表示“多远”。故选C。

【真题22】(2019年随州卷)一Is the mobile phone new or old?

一 . I bought it only two days ago.

A. It's old B. It's new

C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn't

【解析】根据问句中的Is和or可知为选择疑问句，不能用Yes或No来回答，故排除C,D两项;结合答语中only two days ago可知手机是新的。故选B。

【真题23】(2019年天水卷)一Don't you go to school by bike?

一 . I walk to school every day.

A. Yes, I don't B. No, I do

C. Yes, I do D. No, I don't

【解析】考查否定的一般疑问句的回答。事实上是肯定的，用Yes回答;事实上是否定的，用No回答。根据答语可知，我不是骑自行车上学，而是步行。故选D。

【真题24】 (2019年孝感卷)－ will you ask for help when you are in trouble?

一My parents，I think.

A. Who B. What

C .Where D. When

【解析】由答句中的My parents可知用Who提问，故选A。

【真题25】 (2019年北京卷) － did you stop playing?

一Because I was tired.

A . How B . Why

C .When D. Where

【解析】由答句“Because I was tired.”可知用Why提问。故选B。

八、考查It's+adj.+for/of sb. to do sth./ It's+n.+(for sb.) to do sth.句型

【真题26】(2019年济宁卷) a good virtue(德行)to be kind and honest to others.

A. This is B. It is

C. It has D. There is

【解析】“It's+名词/形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，在此结构中，It是形式主语，真正

的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to do sth.，名词或形容词是用来作表语的。故选B。

【真题27】(2019年连云港卷)It's really him to drive after drinking so much wine.

A. crazy of B. gentle of

C. brave for D. wise for

【解析】句意:喝了如此多的酒之后去开车，他真是疯了。根据形容词crazy表示人的属

性，可知用固定句型"It's +adj. + of sb. to do sth.”，故选A。

九、自我检测

1. (2019年宿迁卷)一Have you heard that Lin Tao saved his neighbour from a big fire last night?

－Yes. brave young man he is!

A. How B. How a

C. What D. What a

2. (2019年盐城卷) fine weather it is! Let's go on a picnic!

A. What a B. What

C. How D. How a

3. (2019年扬州卷)－ bad news!　We didn't win the 15th Sudirman Cup.

－It's a pity.

A. What 　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. What a

C. How 　　　　　　　　　　　 D. How a

4. (2019年济宁卷) wonderful the　speech is!

A. How 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. What

C. What a 　　　　　　　　　　　 D. What an

5. (2019年临沂卷) amazing concert Li Yundi gave in Linyi!

A. How an B. How

C. What an D. What

6. (2019年泰安卷)－ exciting the speech about "Belt and Road" was!

－Of course! It was a really great inspiration to the world.

A. How B. What

C. How a D. What an

7. (2019年十堰卷)－Ma Long won the men's singles final match at the 2019 World Table Tennis Championships.

－ exciting news it is!

A. What 　　　　　　　　　　 B. What a‘

C. What an 　　　　　　　　　　 D. How

8. (2019年西宁卷)－ excellent work you have done!

－It' s very kind of you to say so.

A. What B. How

C. What a D. How a

9. (2019年长春卷) wonderful The Reader is! Many people enjoy this TV program.

A. How B. How a

C. What D. What a

10. (2019年宜昌卷)－People choose highspeed train or self-driving to travel on holidays.

－ fast the traditional travel ways change!

A. What a B. How

C. What D. How a

11. (2019年白银卷)Boys and girls , learning and have fun.

A. keep B. to keep

C. keeping D. kept

12. (2019年南京卷)一Excuse me, but can you tell me where the nearest bank is?

一Just going for two more blocks and you'll see it.

A. keep B. to keep

C. keeping D. keeps

13. (2019年长春卷) for me at the bus station across from the post office. I can find

you easily.

A. Wait B. To wait

C. Waiting D. Waits

14. (2019年黔东南州卷)一Sandy likes English best. She reads the text every day.

A. So does Jim B. So Jim does

C. So Jim is D. So is Jim

15. (2019年菏泽卷)I have never been to Beijing for the summer holidays, and he.

A. so has B. neither has

C. so have D. neither have

16. (2019年黔东南州卷)Your mother is very busy. She hardly does morning exercises,

A. isn't she B. does she

C. doesn't she D. is she

17. (2019年宿迁卷)一There is a beautiful park near your school, ?

一Yes. I often go walking there.

A. is there

B. isn't there

C. are there

D. aren't there

18. (2019年铜仁卷)一What' s in the picture?

一There a teacher and some students playing games on the playground.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

19. (2019年长春卷)There an amusement park near my home. I often see children play there.

A. am B. is C. are D. be

20. (2019年宜宾卷)There a basketball match in our school this afternoon.

A. will have

B. will be

C. is going to have

21. (2019年武威卷)There a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.

A. will B. is going to have

C. is going to be D. will have

22. (2019年白银卷)一 have you stayed in this city?

－For more than 10 years.

A. How far 　　　　　　　　　 B. How soon

C. How long 　　　　　　　　　 D. How old

23. (2019年扬州卷)一I went from a school desk to a ship in my teens.

一 days would you be at sea? Homesick?

A. How long B. How many

C. How much D. How soon

24. (2019年青岛卷)一 do you go to a movie?

一Twice a week.

A. How long B. How soon

C. How often D. How far

25. (2019年烟台卷)一 ?

一She is of medium height with two blue eyes.

A. How is Rita

B. What does Rita like

C. What does Rite look like

D. How do you like Rita

26. (2019年重庆A卷)— will you finish writing the review of the Indian movie Dangal?

一In two days.

A. How far B. How often

C. How soon D. How long

27. (2019年达州卷)一 kind of tea would you like?

一I love tea has a fruity taste.

A. Which, what

B. What, which

C. Whose, that

D. What, who

28. (2019年天水卷)一You didn't find the owner of the books, did you?

一 . So I gave them to our teacher.

A. No, I did

B. Yes, I didn't

C. No, I didn't

D. Yes, I did

29. (2019年菏泽卷)一 teachers will you miss the most after junior high school,

Lisa?

一Ms. Lee and Mr. Hunt.

A. Whose B. Which C. What

30. (2019年乌鲁木齐卷)一 exciting news it is! Disneyland in Shanghai has opened to the public!

一 . We plan to go there this summer holiday.

A. What an; So is it

B. What; So it is

C. How; So it is

D. How; So is it

参考答案

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21-30 CCBCCCBCBB

牛津译林版2018届中考英语复习专题：中考英语《特殊句式》精析