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发布时间：2023-10-15 11:49:12
1394FireWireisAppleComputer'sversionofanewstandard,IEEE1394HighPerformanceSerialBus,forconnectingdevicestoyourpersonalcomputer.FireWireprovidesasingleplug-and-socketconnectiononwhichupto63devicescanbeattachedwithdatatransferspeedsupto400Mbps(megabitspersecond.Thestandarddescribesaserialbusorpathwaybetweenoneormoreperipheraldevicesandyourcomputer'smicroprocessor.ACPI(AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterfaceisanindustryspecificationfortheefficienthandlingofpowerconsumptionindesktopandmobilecomputers.ACPIspecifieshowacomputer'sBIOS,operatingsystem,andperipheralscommunicatewitheachotheraboutpowerusage.AGP(AcceleratedGraphicsPortisabusspecificationthatenables3-Dgraphicstodisplayquicklyonordinarypersonalcomputers.AGPisaspecialinterfacedesignedtoconvey3-Dimages(forexample,fromWebsitesorCD-ROMsmuchmorequicklyandsmoothlythanispossibletodayonanycomputerotherthananexpensivegraphicsworkstation.Theinterfaceusesyourcomputer'smainstorage(RAMforrefreshingthemonitorimageandtosupportthetexturemapping,z-buffering,andalphablendingrequiredfor3-Dimagedisplay.TheAGPmainmemoryuseisdynamic,meaningthatwhennotbeingusedforacceleratedgraphics,mainmemoryisrestoredtousebytheoperatingsystemorotherapplications.BIOS(basicinput/outputsystemistheprogramapersonalcomputer'smicroprocessorusestogetthe1
computersystemstartedafteryouturniton.Italsomanagesdataflowbetweenthecomputer'soperatingsystemandattacheddevicessuchastheharddisk,videoadapter,keyboard,mouse,andprinter.BufferAbufferisadataareasharedbyhardwaredevicesorprogramprocessesthatoperateatdifferentspeedsorwithdifferentsetsofpriorities.Thebufferallowseachdeviceorprocesstooperatewithoutbeingheldupbytheother.Inorderforabuffertobeeffective,thesizeofthebufferandthealgorithmsformovingdataintoandoutofthebufferneedtobeconsideredbythebufferdesigner.Likeacache,abufferisa'midpointholdingplace'butexistsnotsomuchtoacceleratethespeedofanactivityastosupportthecoordinationofseparateactivities.BusMasterAbusmasteristheprogram,eitherinamicroprocessorormoreusuallyinaseparateI/Ocontroller,thatdirectstrafficonthecomputerbusorinput/outputpaths.Thebusmasteristhe(masterandtheI/Odevicesonthebusarethe(slaves.Thebusmasteractuallycontrolsthebuspathsonwhichtheaddressandcontrolsignalsflow.Oncethesearesetup,theflowofdatabitsgoesdirectlybetweentheI/Odeviceandthemicroprocessor.CMOSCMOSisthesemiconductortechnologyusedinthetransistorsthataremanufacturedintomostoftoday'scomputermicrochips.Semiconductorsaremadeofsiliconandgermanium,materialswhich(sortofconductelectricity,butnotenthusiastically.Areasofthesematerialsthatare(dopedby2
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