英语阅读理解(人物故事)练习题含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1．阅读理解

Half a Day

    I walked alongside my father, holding his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.

    "Why school?" I asked my father. "What have I done?"

    "I'm not punishing you," he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don't you want to be useful like your brothers?"

    I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.

    When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by you," said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others."

    I hesitated and squeezed his hand firmly, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man", he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave."

    I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?"

    "My father," I whispered.

    "My father's dead," he said simply.

    I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along and said, "This is your new home. There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully."

    Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences.

（1）On the way to school, the boy felt     .

A. happy                            B. embarrassed                            C. upset                            D. excited

（2）About schooling, Father suggested     .

A. wearing a smile                                                B. tearing himself away from games

C. waiting for parents                                           D. throwing himself to studying

（3）      helped him most on the first day at school.

A. Teachers and classmates                                  B. Courtyards and buildings

C. Father and brother                                           D. New uniforms and shoes

（4）What would probably happen next?

A. The school life would turn out to be a failure.

B. Boys in the school would watch him curiously.

C. He would open up a new journey of colorful life.

D. His parents would accompany him at the school.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者第一天去学校的时候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他结交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.”可知穿新衣服并没有让作者开心，因为他要第一次被扔进学校了；再根据第四段中的“I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.”可知作者不相信将他从家中撕裂并被扔进这座巨大的高墙建筑（也就是学校）中真的有什么好处。综合可知作者认为去学校不好，去学校的路上是不开心的，沮丧的，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"Go in by you, " said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. "可知作者的父亲对他说："进去吧，加入他们的行列。面带微笑，成为他人的好榜样。"也就是作者的父亲让他面带微笑，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“A lady came along and said, "This is your new home. …and face life joyfully. ”；以及最后一段中的"Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends.“可知老师过来对作者他们说了一番话，作者听了这番话之后觉得之前自己的顾虑是毫无根据的，打消了顾虑。他一开始就交到了很多朋友。这说明老师帮助作者在学校的第一天过得很好，他的同学也和他成为了朋友。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”From the first moments I made many friends. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences.“可知从一开始我就结交了很多朋友。我从未想象过学校会有如此丰富的经历。由此推断之后作者会在学校开始新的生活，会有丰富的经历，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

    Even if you've never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place It's hot. From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the city's famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is "extremely difficult". If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you're still not stopped, another sign farther up declares: "If you're halfway through your water, turn around!"

    Unfortunately, many people to not take the warnings seriously. Fortunate y, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.

    Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by the cruelty of Mother Nature. "They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble." he warned.

    One hiker who was offered water agrees. "You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket," said Austin Hill, who was hiking with a high school friend. They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. "We ran into this Good Samaritan here." And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.

（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The risks involved in the hiking.                     B. The seriousness of the warnings.

C. The distribution of signs that warn hikers.     D. The influence of the temperature on hikers.

（2）Why did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in trouble?

A. They were not well trained in hiking.

B. They forgot to take enough water with them.

C. They were too optimistic about the situation.

D. They were not fit enough to hike the mountain.

（3）What can we know about Austin Hill?

A. He agreed to help others.                                B. He was saved by Cullymore.

C. He hiked alone in the desert.                          D. He regretted taking a blanket.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

A. The Camelback Mountain                               B. Surviving the Heat

C. Hikers in Need                                                  D. The Water Angel

【答案】 （1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，远足者低估夏日的Camelback Mountain 同时高估自己的能力，所以在远足途中遇到麻烦，Cullymore了解情况后决定帮助他们。Cullymore通过在炎炎夏日给那些远足者提供水而被人们亲切地称为“水天使”。

（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的”From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark“；”Signs warn that the trail is ‘extremely difficult’“；”If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. “和“If you're halfway through your water, turn around!”可知在夏天去Camelback Mountain远足是非常艰难的，原因有两个：一个是温度很高，另一个是水。 故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble.“可知人们低估了这座山，同时高估了自己的能力，因此他们陷入麻烦中，即对情况感到过于乐观导致他们涉险。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. ‘We ran into this Good Samaritan here.’”可知Austin Hill说他们很幸运，因为他们遇到了Cullymore这个乐善好施的人，故推测Cullymore救了他。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.”和最后一段中的“And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.”以及文章主要内容可知，本文主要叙述了Cullymore通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们，从而得到“水天使”的昵称，即本文主要讲述“水天使”的故事。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

    A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone, unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩). American professional athlete Colin O'Brady and British Army Captain Louis Rudd set off a mile apart at the same time on November 3, 2018, from the Atlantic coast with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.

    Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first. However, O'Brady caught up with Rudd on November10 and never let the British man get close to him again. O'Brady was the first to conquer the 930 mile icy land, arriving at the Ross Ice Shelf on the Pacific coast by way of the South Pole on December 26, 2018. The 33-year-old spent 54 days skiing the world's coldest continent while pulling a 300-pound sled(雪橇) with supplies.

    Instead of leaving the harsh environment after completing the historic adventure, the explorer set up a tent on the world's largest ice sheet and waited patiently for Rudd to complete the great undertaking. On December 29, just three days after O'Brady arrived, the British explorer finished his adventure, becoming the world's second person to complete the solo crossing of the frozen continent.

Rudd was not disappointed at being second since he never considered it to be a     "race". Besides, the 49-year-old British Army Captain had a more selfless motive for attempting the feat. He was doing it in memory of his friend Henry Worsley, who had introduced him to polar exploration. The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016. Rudd said, "I didn't want to get drawn into a race. All that mattered to me was that I completed it, and that I skied solo and unsupported, carrying the flag with Henry's name on it."

    After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other, the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station.

（1）What do Colin O'Brady and Louis Rudd have in common?

A. They became the first explorers to cross Antarctica alone, unaided.

B. They became the first adventurers to ski across Antarctica.

C. This is the first time that they have arrived at the South pole.

D. They crossed Antarctica in honor of their friend Henry Worsley.

（2）What do you know about the first leg(第一段賽程) of the race？

A. O'Brady skied along with Louis Rudd side by side.

B. O'Brady's sled with food supplies broke down.

C. Louis Rudd lost the tag with Henry's name on it.

D. O'Brady fell behind Louis Rudd for the first week.

（3）What can we infer about Henry Worsley?

A. He used to encourage O' Brady to explore the Antarctic.

B. He lost his life in a terrible traffic accident in 2016.

C. He died while he was attempting to cross the Antarctic alone.

D. He helped Louis Rudd complete the historic adventure.

（4）How did the two adventurers return to the South Pole scientific research station?

A. On foot.                             B. By air.                             C. By land.                             D. By water.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，两个冒险家在无人帮助的情况下独自滑雪穿越南极大陆，但是两个人的目的不同。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone, unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩).”以及“with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.”可知，两人的目标都是成为滑雪穿越南极洲的第一人，并且两人都获得成功，这是他们的共同之处，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first. However, O'Brady caught up with Rudd on November10”以及第一段可知，他们于11月3日出发，O'Brady赶上Louis Rudd是11月10日，可以得出，Louis Rudd领先时间为一周，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016.”可知，Worsley在2016年独自穿越南极洲的时候遇难，故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other, the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station”可知，最后两人被直升飞机带去的南极科考站，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

    Jon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Texas, detective, dressed in plain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章) and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.

    "The detective has a martial arts background, and he said he thought the suspect must have a martial arts background, too, because he was able to break away so easily," a Plano police spokesperson said.

    The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre Harvey and Kirby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these days—he took out his phone and hit record. "I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal," Harvey said. "But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be a shooting if I get over there in time.” Harvey jumped into action—while he was still recording the video—as did Sample.

    "Harvey caught hold of the suspect's arms, while Kirby seized his legs, and they were able to get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs (手铐) on," said the police spokesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50.

    "I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life," Harvey told WFAA. "It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive."

    After the arrest, the three men got to know each other over steaks and ribs at a local steak house—Hoffman's treat, as a thank-you. But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too. "It could have turned real ugly." Sample told the media "He handled himself like a real professional."

（1）What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect?

A. He was not on duty.                                         B. He needed witnesses to support him.

C. He wanted to push the thief into the car.       D. He couldn't control the suspect.

（2）Why did Harvey and Kirby record the scene at the beginning?

A. To follow the fashion.                                      B. To keep track of the criminal.

C. To record the detective's violence.                  D. To avoid being involved in the incident.

（3）What can be inferred about Harvey?

A. He was ready to violate the law.                      B. He might have had some illegal behaviour.

C. He was out of work at that time.                     D. He had a good martial arts background.

（4）What is Harvey and Sample's attitude towards Hoffman?

A. Appreciative.                      B. Prejudiced.                      C. Skeptical.                      D. Cautious.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，侦探Jon Hoffman在捉偷善款的小偷时遇到困难寻求帮助，Andre Harvey和 Kirby Sample帮助了他。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.”可知，Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难，并且他们扭打在一起。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“he took out his phone and hit record. “I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal”可知，他们记录场景是想记录警察做了一些不合法的事。及“But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be a shooting if I get over there in time.”此句是说“如果我能及时赶到那里，就不会有枪击事件了”。由这两句可知，即他们记录了警察的暴力。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life”可知，Harvey曾经违反过法律。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段Harvey所言“I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life,” Harvey told WFAA.“ It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive最后一段“But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too，”尤其是最后Sample told the media “He handled himself like a real professional”可知，这两个人认为Hoffman很专业，很欣赏他。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

    I'd like to share a little story with you about something that happened when I was four. I remember it clearly. Our loving family dog was nearing the end of his life. My father picked him up and put him in a little bed we had made for him. Our dog, my companion, whom we had cared for, bit my father when he attempted to help him. How could he? Why? I couldn't understand it. I didn't like him anymore.

    I hadn't thought about that story for a long time but something that happened last week brought it back to me. I went to speak with a friend. When I knocked on the door, I met in an instant an angry look and a few harsh(尖刻的)words. When the door was slammed(砰地关上)in my face, I stood there shocked, and in a rush, I was reminded of my dog bit my father 20 years ago or so. What brought that story back was that same feeling of betrayal.

    Both stories taught me something the next day. You see, when I got up in the morning and was told my dog had died, it became clear to me that he must have been in great pain. For him to have bitten a family member, he could not have been himself. Much the same for the other story when I learned that my friend's wife had just left him.

    We are all beings of our environments, our opinions and feelings. And all of those things can cause you to say and do things that can't be understood by those who are not in the same situation with you.

    If you meet someone either behaving out of character or acting in a way that doesn't seem to fit the situation, put out your hand and be patient when you think it is least possible for him to do so. You may turn around a story that has a sad ending simply by your actions.

（1）What is the influence of the incident mentioned in Paragraph 1?

A. It hurt his father's feeling deeply.

B. It has puzzled the author ever since.

C. It left a deep impression on the author.

D. It made the author dislike dogs.

（2）Why did the author's friend say harsh words to the author?

A. He was ill-tempered.

B. He was suffering the pain of losing his wife.

C. He was bothered by an unexpected visit.

D. They once quarreled and he couldn't forgive the author.

（3）What's the author's advice to us?

A. Help those in need.

B. Look before you leap.

C. Respect for others is a kind of virtue.

D. Learn to put yourself in others' shoes.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者朋友因为失去妻子很痛苦以不友好的态度对待作者，使作者想起了20年前狗狗咬了父亲这件事情，从两件事情中得出了一个道理：很多因素都会影响人的行为，所以最后总结出，当我们看到别人出乎意料的行为的时候，要以理解的态度耐心的对待他人。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I'd like to share a little story with you about something that happened when I was four．I remember it clearly，”可知作者对这件事情的印象很深刻，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Much the same for the other story when I learned that my friend's wife had just left him，”可知作者的朋友因为失去了妻子而内心很痛苦所以才会用这样的不友好的态度对待作者，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“be patient when you think it is least possible for him to do so”，可知当看到别人出乎意料的举动的时候，不要责怪，要耐心地理解他们，用最好的方式去对待，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

    For years, decades in fact, I've puzzled over the response most people have when I tell them I mostly travel alone.

    "You're so brave!"

    Why is it that a woman travelling alone, as I have often done for months at a time, is perceived to be "brave", whereas men who travel alone are entirely unremarkable?

You are only brave when you are afraid of something but still do it anyway. I have never been afraid of travelling alone.

    The first time I travelled alone was when I was 19. I was due to travel in Europe with a friend at the end of the summer. She announced by letter two days before our departure that she would be leaving me halfway at Vienna. It was too late by then to rope in another friend, so it was either to go home after Vienna, or keep going by myself. I kept going. I got on trains by myself, checked into hostels by myself and found my way around by myself. It was weird at first, but later I stopped worrying about it.

    When I got back to Ireland after that trip, I felt proud of myself. I had done something I had assumed would be hard, and it had turned out to be not hard at all.

    That was three decades ago, and since then I have travelled all over the world, usually on my own. I still do what I did then, which is to keep a diary. The greatest gift of solo travel has been those I've met along the way. I may have set off alone each time but I've encountered many people who became important to me. I met my husband in Kathmandu, Nepal. I met lifelong friends in Australia, Poland, Hungary, Turkey, India, Indonesia and many other places.

（1）What makes the author puzzled when she tells people of her experience?

A. People's disbelief.       B. People's response.       C. People's approval.       D. People's criticism.

（2）What does the author say about her first time to travel alone?

A. It was a trip by design.                                     B. She had to choose to go by herself.

C. It was harder than expected.                           D. She set off all alone.

（3）What do the underlined words "solo travel"  in the last paragraph mean?

A. Group Travel.     B. Travelling with friends.     C. Travelling alone.     D. Travelling with music.

（4）How has the author benefited from her travel?

A. She has overcome her fear of travelling alone.     B. She has written a couple of books.

C. She has received a great many gifts.                      D. She has met many people all the way.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己多年来，独自旅行的经历。作者从中收获了很多。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“For years, decades in fact, I've puzzled over the response most people have when I tell them I mostly travel alone.”多年来，甚至几十年来，当我告诉大多数人我主要是独自旅行时，他们的反应让我感到困惑。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“She announced by letter two days before our departure that she would be leaving me halfway at Vienna. It was too late by then to rope in another friend, so it was either to go home after Vienna, or keep going by myself. I kept going. I got on trains by myself, checked into hostels by myself and found my way around by myself.”在我们动身的前两天，她写信通知我，她将在维也纳中途离开我。那时再找一个朋友已经太晚了，所以我要么从维也纳回家，要么一个人继续走。我继续。我自己上了火车，自己住旅馆，自己找路。可知，关于她第一次独自旅行，作者说她不得不选择自己去，故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“That was three decades ago, and since then I have travelled all over the world, usually on my own. I still do what I did then, which is to keep a diary.”那是30年前的事了，从那时起，我周游世界，通常是独自一人。我仍然做我当时做的事，那就是记日记。由此可知，文“The greatest gift of solo travel has been those I've met along the way.”的意思是独自旅行最棒的礼物就是一路上遇到的人。" solo travel" 的意思是独自旅行，故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“I may have set off alone each time but I've encountered many people who became important to me. I met my husband in Kathmandu, Nepal. I met lifelong friends in Australia, Poland, Hungary, Turkey, India, Indonesia and many other places.”我可能每次都是独自出发，但我遇到了很多对我很重要的人。我在尼泊尔加德满都遇见了我的丈夫。我在澳大利亚、波兰、匈牙利、土耳其、印度、印度尼西亚等地结识了一生的朋友。可知作者从她的旅行中得到的好处是一路上她遇到了很多人，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

    Wilbur and Orville Wright were the two youngest sons of Bishop Milton Wright, Wilbur was born on a farm near Millville and Orville was born in August in the house the family would come to occupy for more than 40 years in Dayton.

    Orville would discover in later years that he and Wilbur's first interests in flight began when they were children, with powered rubber-band-helicopter toys that their father would bring home for them from trips around the country. Orville and Wilbur would build duplicates（复制品）of these toys and bounce them off the ceiling. They were just crazy about these things for the reasons that they did not yet understand.

    Both boys loved to solve problems that seemed difficult to others. The more difficult the problem was, the more they saw it as a challenge. Exploring the unknown was such a joy for then that Orville once said, "I can remember when Wilbur and I could hardly wait for the morning to come to get at something that interested us. That's happiness."

    Putting their gift to work, the boys entered the printing business soon after high school. Orville designed and then built a printing press（印刷机）for this enterprise. At first, they did contract printing for other people, and soon one of their customers during the early 1890s was Father Milton's church. They also tried the newspaper business, and although their two newspapers, the West Side News and The Evening Item were considered to be of high quality, Dayton already had daily newspapers, so the Wrights soon returned to contract printing.

    Branching out into other areas, they also opened a bicycle business. Bicycling was the fastest growing sport in the country at that time, and their repair shop soon led them into building bicycles of their own design, often with tools of their own construction, such as the lathe（车床）driven by a one-cylinder gasoline engine built by Orville. The bicycle shop would provide the livelihood（生计）that would allow them to carry out their experiments on airplanes.

（1）What may inspire Wilbur and Orville Wright to be keen on flight in childhood？

A. Their experiences of taking a flight.

B. Their wishes to travel by plane.

C. The toys their father brought for them.

D. Their interest in duplicating toys.

（2）What kind of children were the Wright brothers？

A. Enthusiastic and curious.

B. Quiet and modes.

C. Naughty but clever.

D. Stubborn but careful

（3）What business did Wilbur and Orville enter shortly after high school？

A. The toy business.

B. The printing business.

C. The lathe business.

D. The bicycle business.

（4）What will possibly be discussed following this text？

A. Who guided them a lot on their way to success.

B. What trouble they would meet in their business.

C. Why they closed their bicycle shop suddenly.

D. How the two brothers began to invent planes.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了 莱特兄弟是怎样的发明飞机的过程。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Orville would discover in later years that he and Wilbur's first interests in flight began when they were children，with powered rubber-band-helicopter toys that their father would bring home for them from trips around the country” 奥维尔后来发现他和威尔伯对飞行第一次兴趣是从他们小时候开始的，由于他们的父亲从乡村给他们带回家的，用橡皮筋为动力的直升机玩具，可知选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They were just crazy about these things for the reasons that they did not yet understand”他们只是因为他们还不明白的原因 而对这些事情疯狂 ；和第三段中的“Both boys loved to solve problems that seemed difficult to others. The more difficult the problem was，the more they saw it as a challenge”两个男孩都喜欢解决别人觉得困难的问题。问题越难，他们就越觉得这是一个挑战 可推出选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“ Putting their gift to work, the boys entered the printing business soon after high school. ”把他们的天赋投入工作 中，孩子们高中毕业后不久就进入了印刷业。 故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The bicycle shop would provide the livelihood（生计）that would allow them to carry out their experiments on airplanes”自行车店将提供生计 ，允许他们在飞机上进行实验 ，可知选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

    The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers' questions—where was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn't pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.

    "Why don't you travel with us?" one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.

    It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotel's swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, I've backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.

    On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn't picked up the phone.

（1）By "My stomach was in knots" (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was ______.

A. sick of riding on a bumpy bus                        B. nervous of meeting strangers

C. upset about the sudden change                     D. sorry about the impractical plan

（2）Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met?

A. Courageous but disrespectful.                        B. Jobless and poorly educated.

C. Warmhearted and trustworthy.                       D. Homeless but lighthearted.

（3）The author's sixth sense told her that ______.

A. she would get along with the backpackers

B. it might cause trouble to have a swim

C. she ought to stay away from the backpackers

D. it could add excitement to get a free ride

（4）What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Most of the backpackers became the author's lifelong friends.

B. The author gathered the courage to be a fulltime backpack traveler.

C. The woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone.

D. The author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。

（1）考查句义猜测。根据第一段中的"My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn't pick up and I had no other way to reach her."可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"‘Why don't you travel with us?’ one of the backpackers offered"可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据" They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could"可知这些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes."可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能也就是第六感说了"好"，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone."可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，以及最后一段中的"Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn't picked up the phone."可知作者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及句义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

    When my father married my mother in 1943, he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not to spend it. This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.

    When I was married in 1970, my husband, who had heard this story, obtained a 1937 crown coin for me and I have always kept it in my wallet, and I have always had enough for my needs.

    A friend recently fell on hard times, partly through external (外部的) circumstances and partly through poor planning. Friends and I have loaned her money, paid her bills, given her food, and even tried to teach her budget techniques, but none of them has been a solution. She has just slipped deeper and deeper into financial trouble and depression.

    Last week she looked pale and unwell, very depressed and hopeless, very sad for a friend to see and I then thought about how the crown coin, a physical reminder of another's care and love had protected me, so I went to the bank for a $ 100 dollar-bill.

    I told my friend the story and asked her to keep the $ 100 in the back of her wallet. It turned out that she didn't have a wallet, so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins. She immediately felt better—"I feel rich, and thank you for being a good friend," she said, and we were both a bit teary.

    I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I'd never used, and thought, "I'll give that to my friend." I opened it, and inside, found $ 100.

（1）What did the 1937 crown coin from the author's father mean to her mother?

A. His concern for her.                                          B. His pity and protection for her.

C. His care and love for her.                                 D. His pride and respect for her.

（2）Where did the author's friend keep the $ 100 dollar-bill?

A. In the back of her wallet.                                 B. In a little pencil case.

C. In the pocket of her raincoat.                          D. In the layer of her suitcase.

（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The author became rich all of a sudden.

B. The author's friend would receive a wallet as a gift.

C. The author's friend was not touched by her story.

D. The author felt uncomfortable when receiving the bill.

（4）What can be the best title for the text?

A. A crown coin          B. The help to a friend          C. A hard life          D. A gift from my father

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，父母结婚时，父亲送给母亲一枚1937年的王冠硬币，让母亲时刻感到他的关心和爱，作者结婚时，丈夫也送她一枚王冠硬币，然后作者又运用这枚王冠硬币的影响（代表了另一个人的关心和爱）送给一个经济困难的朋友一张百元纸币放在钱包里保护她。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it."可知，结婚时父亲送给母亲一枚1937年王冠硬币意味着母亲总会觉得父亲在保护自己，并且需要钱时，她总会有钱，也就说这枚硬币代表了父亲对母亲的关心和爱，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins"可知，作者的朋友把那张100美元纸币放在了小文具盒里，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I'd never used, and thought, "I'll give that to my friend."可知，作者将会把那个自己从未用过的小钱包送给朋友，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“When my father married my mother in 1943, he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not to spend it. ”父母结婚时，父亲送给母亲一枚1937年的王冠硬币，让母亲时刻感到他的关心和爱，文章由此而展开，作者结婚时，丈夫也送她一枚王冠硬币，然后作者又运用这枚王冠硬币的影响（代表了另一个人的关心和爱）送给一个经济困难的朋友一张百元纸币放在钱包里保护她，全文都是围绕“王冠硬币”而展开，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    In recent years I have had two very good roles on television: Florence, the wisecracking maid on the series The Jeffersons, and Mary, the mother who holds things together on 227. But 17 years ago, in 1972 when I was just getting started in theater work, I thought I'd never make it as an actress. For that matter, I couldn't even hold my life together or afford a home of my own.

    Back then I had about as much self-confidence as a chicken in a fox's nest. I was recovering from surgery and had been off work for six months from my job as a United Airlines reservations agent. I'd had some bit parts in local theater groups, but those came and went, not leading to anything bigger.

    Worse, as a single mother with three youngsters, I had no place to live. My children were staying with their father while I recovered in an aunt's apartment. Lying in bed, staring hopelessly at the wall, I didn't know what to do or where to turn.

    Then one Sunday morning I aimlessly turned on the television set, and there were actor Robert Young and his wife talking about their faith. I sat right up in bed. They said, "When one door closes, a better one opens," Well, I wasn't going to just sit staring at the closed one. So I got up and trudged (跋涉) on. Even if my shoes wore out, I decided, my faith wouldn't.

    Later, when I began filling small parts in television productions, that self-confidence showed. I'd always done my best to play the role as I thought the director wanted, but now I found myself freer to interpret it, I was more natural, more me.

（1）What do the underlined words "hold my life together" in paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Enjoy my life.         B. Support myself.         C. Abandon my life.         D. Fight against my life.

（2）How did the author feel when she worked in the local theater?

A. Confident.                       B. Excited.                       C. Nervous.                       D. Disappointed.

（3）What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3?

A. She lived in her own apartment.                     B. She had to stay with her father.

C. She was confused about her future.               D. She was looked after by her kids.

（4）What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?

A. To share her understanding of faith with us.

B. To prove her success in the TV acting.

C. To show thanks to her respected aunt.

D. To tell how hard she brought up her children.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己如何成为演员的经历。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“afford a home of my own”可知作者当时买不起属于自己的房子，说明她当时的生活很困难，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Back then I had about as much self-confidence as a chicken in a fox's nest”可知作者那时候很自信。以及根据“I'd had some bit parts in local theater groups, but those came and went, not leading to anything bigger.”可知作者在当地的剧院工作时，她的这些工作没有给她带来更大的收获。作者很有自信，但是她在当地剧院的工作却没有带来什么，由此可以推断当时作者是失望的，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Lying in bed, staring hopelessly at the wall, I didn't know what to do or where to turn.”作者躺在床上，绝望地盯着 墙壁，不知道要做什么，也不知道要往哪里去。这说明作者当时对未来很迷茫，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“They said, ‘When one door closes, a better one opens,’ Well, I wasn't going to just sit staring at the closed one. So I got up and trudged (跋涉) on. Even if my shoes wore out, I decided, my faith wouldn't. ”可知作者看到电视上的一对明星夫妇说，“当一扇门关闭时，一扇更好的门会打开，”作者就决定她不会只是坐着盯着那扇关上的门。所以她起身跋涉。即使她的鞋子磨损了，她的信仰也不会。作者通过这篇文章和读者分享了她对信仰的理解，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

英语阅读理解（人物故事）练习题含解析