英语必修3 Unit3-Unit4 复习整理

Unit3

1.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出

与grow up用法的不同：bring up sb. sb. grow up

The way we choose to bring up children is vitally important. 抚养子女选用何种方式是极其重要的。

These are matters that you can bring up in committee. 这些问题你可在委员会中提出。

His work in maths needs to be brought up to the standard of the others. 他的数学功课需要赶上别人的水平.

2.phrase短语；词组；惯用语

Start at is a phrase. Start at 是一个词组。

3.scene（戏剧）一场；现场；场面；景色

come/arrive/appear/ on the scene 到场，登场，到来

at/on/the scene 在场，到场

The scene that red plum blossoms set off by the white snow was very beautiful. 白雪衬着红梅，景色十分美丽。

The first scene of the play is the king's palace. 剧中的第一个场景是王宫。

4.permit(permitted,permitting) 许可；允许；准许

①Time/weather permitting=if time/weather permits

②permit sb. to do sth.

The teacher permitted him to explain why he was late.老师允许他解释一下为什么迟到了。

Visitors are not permitted to enter the park after dark,because of the lack of lighting.

③permit doing sth.

Our teachers don’t permit throwing everything about in the classroom.

④allow与permit的用法区别

㈠ 两者均可表示“允许”，其区别是permit通常指上级、规则或法令等表示的准许，其语气较重；而allow通常指消极地不加反对，有时含有听任或默许之意，语气较轻。

如：Nothing is permitted; everything is allowed. 一切都没明文规定可以做，但一切做了也无妨。

The nurse allowed him to remain there，though it was not permitted. 护士让他留在那儿，而按规定那是不许可的。

㈡ 从用法上看，两者后接动词作宾语时，均要用动名词形式，而不能用不定式。如：We don’t allow（permit）swimming in the pool. 我们不许在池子里游泳。但是若其后接有名词或代词，那么其后须接不定式。如：We don’t allow （permit） children to swim in the pool. 我们不许孩子们在池子里游泳。注意这类结构的被动式之后可用不定式(此时的不定式不是宾语，而是主语补语)。如： We do not allow （permit）people to smoke here.或People are not allowed（permitted）to smoke here.

5.go ahead 前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往下说；

Do you mind my talking the books away？

No，go ahead.

6.fault 过错；缺点；故障

It’s my fault.是我的错

7.stare at/ glance at/ glare at/ gaze at

glance at 匆匆地瞥一下 [强调“匆匆”和“瞥”的短暂]

glare at 怒视 [强调情绪是怒]

stare at 盯着看，凝视

gaze at 盯住

Children should be taught not to stare at disabled people.

8.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反

可以放在句首、句子中间或句尾，具体要根据句子的通顺来放置。

we all think he is shy, while on the contrary he is quiet extroversion.

On the contrary, success requires that we take a bite out of life.

9.amount 数量

只修饰可数名词的词和词组：few，many，a good/ great many，a large/small number of等

只修饰不可数名词的词和词组：little，much，a large/small amount of，a sum of，a bit of，bits of等

两者皆可：some，a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of，plenty of等

Quite a number of people have applied for this job.

10.manner 礼貌；举止；方式

固定：It’s good manners to do sth.

It’s good manners to give your seat to an old man on the bus.

11.account for 导致；做出解释

He could’t account for the time spent away from his post.

Bad weather accounted for the long delay.

12.bow 鞠躬；弯腰

bow to sb.

bow before difficulties 向困难低头

13.as for 关于；至于

as for 后接名词 as for可用于句首，引出一个与前一个话题稍微有些不同的话题，但能用于文章的开头。另外， as for 有时表达轻蔑的语气。例如：

　　We had a delightful weekend in the country. As for the traffic，we had no difficulty.

　　在乡下我们度过了一个愉快的周末。至于交通，我们没有遇到任何困难。

　　Much pasture land is under water；as for the grain， most of that has been ruined.

　　大部分的牧场都进了水，至于谷物，则大部分都被冲毁了。

　　You can have a bed，as for him，he'll have to sleep on the floor.

　　有一张床给你，至于他，就只能睡在地板上了。

The thief was caught by the police almost immediately.As for the stolen jewels, they were found in a dustbin.

Unit4

1. in time 及时；终于

If you work hard，you will succeed in time.

2. atmosphere 大气层；气氛

The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service.

3. harmful 有害的

be harmful to sth./sb.

do harm to + 名词

It goes without saying that work without rest will do harm to health.

4. exist 存在；生存

Enough methods now exist to solve all but the most intractable cases.

Matter can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas.

5. prevent （sth.）from （doing sth.）阻止；制止

prevent...from keep...from protect...from比较

prevent...from 和stop…from用在主动语态中from可以省略。

prevent在被动语态中，from不能省略，例如：He was prevented from going to school because of his illness.

prevent...from,keep...from还有stop…from 这三个句式中from后面的动词与from前面的词构成动宾关系时，后面用动名词的被动形式。

We must prevent the water from being polluted.

What stopped him from coming here.

The heavy rain kept us from coming on time.

I am sorry to have kept you waiting.

You had better wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun.

6. cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋

cheer sb. up中的sb.可以为人名或者him,her,me,it,them等代词

cheer up sb.中的sb.只能为人名

cheer sb. up 表示“让某人更高兴或者更快活”，

例如：He made faces to cheer up his sister.

他做鬼脸逗妹妹笑。

cheer up 也可以单独使用，表示“高兴起来，振作起来”，

例如：You seem to need cheering up. 你似乎需要振作起来。

cheer up 还有一个比喻的用法，表示“为某物增添光彩”，

例如：The flowers always cheer the room up.

房间里一有花就满室增辉。

7. mass 质量；团；块；大量；

固定：the masses 群众

Calculate the mass of the planet.

There are a mass of people in the hall.

I have masses of work to do.

The masses are the true makers of history.

8. now that 既然（句子开头和中间都可以用）

Now that you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.

Now that you’ve got a chance,you might as well make full use of it .

9. watch out密切注视，当心，提防

“If you don’t watch out ，you will hurt yourself，”said my mother.

有关watch的词组：

watch for 等待, 留意, 当心

例：Keep watch for the milkman. I want to pay him today.

watch over照看, 看守; 监视

例：Do not be afraid; God will watch over us.

10. break out 突发；爆发

与break有关的词组：

break off突然停止；暂停；休息一下；折断；绝交

break up散开 衰弱； (精神)崩溃；结束；(学校期末)放假

break of使免于；戒去；治愈

break into闯入；潜入；破门而入

break down失败；落空；毁掉；拆除；损坏；瓦解；崩溃

break in训练；驯养；闯入；破门而入；打断；插嘴

11. puzzle 谜；难题（n.）

（使）迷惑；（使）为难（v.）

He puzzled his brain to find the answer.

She listened with a puzzled expression on her face.

12. 倍数表示法

①主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词+as…

This room is twice as big as that one.

We shall produce twice as much grain as we did in 1980.

②主语+谓语+倍数+形容词（副词）比较级+than…

Line A is four times longer than line B.

He has three times more money than I have.

高中英语必修3Unit3-Unit4复习资料整理