动词的ing或ed形式做定语讲解与练习--总结知识分享
发布时间：2023-11-30 12:02:30
用作定语时，动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词,动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词。动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:1.Heisanattackingplayer.他是一个攻击型的运动员。(表示运动员的特征2.Heaskedanembarrassingquestion.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。(表示“令人….”3.Alittlechildlearningtowalkoftenfalls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置4.Doyouknowthenumberofpeoplecomingtotheparty?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如:1.Ayoungmanwritingnovelscametospeaktousyesterday.→Ayoungmanwhowritesnovelscametospeaktousyesterday.一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。2.Thegirlsittingnexttomewasmycousin.→Thegirlwhowassittingnexttomewasmycousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。另外需要注意的是上面做定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作是正在进行的工作或习惯性的动作，如果和主句谓语的动作不能同时发生时，则不能用-ing形式做定语而必须用定语从句形式。如：昨天来我们学校的那位教授在明天给我们做报告。3.Theprofessorwhocametoourschoolyesterdaywillgiveusalecturetomorrow.不正确的表述：Theprofessorcomingtoourschoolyesterdaywillgiveusalecturetomorrow.总结：-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查,即:1说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。如:1.Theysetupanoperatingtableinasmalltemple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。2.Hemaybeinthereadingroom,forallIknow.他说不定在阅览室里。3.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasegoandwaitinthemeetingroom.女士们先生们,请去会议室等待。2与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作或习惯性的动作。如:1.Therewereabout200childrenstudyingintheartschool.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。2.WhoisthewomantalkingtoourEnglishteacher?正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁?3有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词,常做定语用来修饰物,表示“令人……”。常用的此类词有:exciting,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,moving,interesting,satisfying,terrifying,frightening等。如:
1.Thatmusthavebeenaterrifyingexperience.那准时一段可怕的经历。2.Theexperimentwasanamazingsuccess.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。3.Thereisapagemissingfromthisbook.这本书缺了一页。4有些-ing形式已经转化成名词,常做定语用来修饰物Thescanningelectronmicrographs这些电镜扫描照片除了-ing形式能做定语外,如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即beingdone.beingdoing通常表示正在被做,常做后置定语。如:1.Thetallbuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewschool.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。2.Thequestionbeingdiscussedwaspresentedbytheheadmaster.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。-ing形式做定语专练1.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe_____.A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars.2.Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket______thedesert.A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocover3.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents____Chineseintheschool,most_____werefromGermany.A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom4.Thequestion______atpresenthassomethingimportanttodowithourdailylife.A.tobediscussingB.todiscussC.beendiscussedD.beingdiscussed5.Chinaisa_____country______tothethirdworld.A.developed;belongsB.developing;belongingC.developing;belongsD.developed;belonged6.---Whoistheman______totheteacher?---Amodelworker_____ourschool.A.talks,visitsB.istalking;isvisitingC.talking;visitingD.talking;visited7.Howmanyofus________,say,ameetingthathasnothingtodowithuswillbeinterestedinthediscussion?A.attendB.attendingC.toattendD.haveattended8.Theflowers_____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smelling
