雅思作文观点库-话题19:城市类:房屋问题

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保护老建筑的好坏处:
1.文化A保护老房子B保护文化C人们可以了解建筑的历史和成就背景:保护老建筑有助于保护国家的遗产,保护一个国家的历史。这些建筑可能是一个国家建筑风格的例子,展示了在这种宏伟的建筑是如何定义的。解释(A-B现代世界的人们可以看到特定地区建筑传统的独特特征,例如柱子的设计、建筑材料的选择和装饰的艺术。解释A-B此外,建筑可以让人们了解建筑如何支持人们的生活方式、社会活动和社区生活。解释(C的结果):如果旧建筑被拆除,年轻一代将没有机会在未来欣赏他们祖先的建筑成就。
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Theprotectionofoldbuildings保护老建筑protectthecountry'sheritage保护国家的遗产preserveacountry'shistory保护一个国家的历史visuallyspectacularbuilding视觉宏伟的建筑architecturaltraditions筑传统appreciatearchitecturalachievements欣赏建筑成就
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Theprotectionofoldbuildingscanhelpprotectthecountry'sheritageandpreserveacountry'shistory.Thesebuildingsmaybeexamplesofthearchitecturalstyleofacountry,showinghowavisuallyspectacularbuildingisdefinedinthisculture.Peopleinthemodernworldcanseetheuniquefeaturesofarchitecturaltraditionsofaspecificarea,suchasthedesignofcolumnsandpillars,theselectionofbuildingmaterialandtheartofdecorations.Additionally,buildingscangiveaninsightintohowarchitecturesupportedlifestyles,socialactivitiesandcommunitylifeofpeoplelivinginthepast.Ifoldstructuresaredemolished,youngergenerationswouldnothavetheopportunitytoappreciatearchitecturalachievementsoftheirancestorsinthefuture.
2.经济A保护老房子B有地标建筑C提高收入解释(A-B)这些建筑给城市增添了特色,游客们喜欢在这些标志性建筑前拍照。举例:他们可以很容易地通过像埃及埃亚拉米兹金字塔这样的建筑奇观来识别城市或国家。解释A-C旅游业的收入不仅为当地人提供了就业机会,而且还确保了政府为这些历史景点的维修和维护提供资金,这可能非常昂贵。
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Theconservationofoldbuildings保护古老建筑givecharactertoacity给城市增添特色lovetakingphotos欢拍照identifycitiesorcountriesbyarchitecturalwonders通过建筑奇观辨认出城市或者国家therevenueofthetravelindustry旅游业的收入repairandmaintenanceofthesehistoricalattractions维修和维护历史景点
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Theconservationofoldbuildings,especiallylandmarksofacity,isalsojustifiedbythefactthattheyaretouristattractions.Thesebuildingsgivecharactertoacity,andtouristslovetakingphotosinfrontoftheseiconicbuildings.TheycaneasilyidentifycitiesorcountriesbyarchitecturalwonderslikethepyramidsinpyramidsinEgypt.Therevenueofthetravelindustrynotonlyprovideslocalswithjobsbutalsoensuresthegovernmenthasfundingfortherepairandmaintenanceofthesehistoricalattractions,whichcanbeextremelyexpensive.

3.经济:A保护老建筑B浪费钱C增加政府的费用解释(A-B)一些结构可能是几十年甚至一个世纪前建造的,因此它们不符合安全标准,而且大部分可能由于不适合实际使用而被废弃。举例:它们很可能在台风和暴风雪等极端

天气条件下倒塌。解释B-C翻修它们是昂贵的,或者不需要去翻修,因为它们在历史上或者文化上不认为是重要的。利用公共资金进行翻修毫无意义。
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deservepreservationefforts值得保护awasteofpublicmoney浪费公共资金run-downbuildings要倒塌的房meetthesafetystandards符合安全标准practicaluse实际用处inextremeweatherconditions在极端天气条件下historicallyorculturalimportant历史上或者文化上很重要makeslittlesense几乎没有意义
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However,someoldbuildingsdonotdeservepreservationeffortsanditisawasteofpublicmoneytoconservetheserun-downbuildings.Somestructureswerepossiblybuiltdecadesorevenonecenturyago,sotheydonotmeetthesafetystandardsandmostofthemarepossiblydesertedfornotbeingsuitableforpracticaluse.Theyarelikelytocollapseinextremeweatherconditionssuchastyphoonandsnowstorm.Itiscostlytorenovatethemorunnecessarytodosoastheyarenotconsideredtobehistoricallyorculturalimportant.Itmakeslittlesensetousepublicmoneyforrenovationefforts.

4.经济:A保护老建筑B占用土地C影响城市发展解释(A-B)如果房产是私有的,市政府很难重新开发这些地区。解释(B-C)如果这些建筑没有被拆毁,城市中心就不能用现代化的摩天大楼来取代它们,用于住宅或商业用途。解释(C的结果)没有商业综合体和高层公寓楼,城市就无法轻易吸引投资者、企业家和专业人士。它没有城市扩张所需的人力和资本。
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occupyvaluablelandofinnercityareas占领城市内部的宝贵土地hinderthedevelopmentofacity阻碍了城市的发展forresidentialorcommercialuse住宅或者经济使用urbanexpansion城市扩张beprivatelyowned私人所有high-riseapartmentblocks高层建筑businesscomplexes商业综合体
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Anotherproblemofprotectingoldbuildingsisthatthesebuildingscanoccupyvaluablelandofinnercityareasandhinderthedevelopmentofacity.Itisdifficultforthecitycounciltoredeveloptheseareas,ifpropertiesareprivatelyowned.Ifthesebuildingsarenottorndown,theurbancentrecannotreplacethemwithmodernskyscrapersforresidentialorcommercialuse.Withoutbusinesscomplexesandhigh-riseapartmentblocks,acitycannotattractinvestors,entrepreneursandprofessionalseasily.Itdoesnothavemanpowerandcapitalrequiredforurbanexpansion.

房屋紧缺的问题:
1.生活水准A住房紧缺B房价过高C影响生活水准解释(A-B)购房者必须支付更多的首付和抵押贷款,而居住在租房的人必须支付更高的租金解释(B-C)与住房相关的成本会占用每月的预算,并降低人们可支配的收入,以应付诸如购买家庭用品等其他支出。他们可能生活在压力之下

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leadingtoahigherhousingprice导致房价上涨adropinthestandardofliving生活水平下降liveinrentalaccommodation居住在租房payhigherrent支付更高的租金housing-relatedcosts与住房相关的成本monthlybudget每月的预算disposableincome可支配收入handleotherexpenses处理其他费用buyhouseholdgoods购买家庭用品
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Thehousingshortagecanleadtoahigherhousingpricebutadropinthestandardofliving.Homebuyershavetopaymoreforthedownpaymentaswellasthemortgage,whilepeoplewholiveinrental
accommodationhavetopayhigherrent.Thehousing-relatedcostscanbiteintothemonthlybudgetandreducethedisposableincomeavailableforpeopletohandleotherexpenses,suchasbuyinghouseholdgoods.Theymayliveunderpressure.

2.健康A住房紧缺B会有健康问题C增加医疗的负担解释(A-B)居住在卫生、通风和隔热条件差的建筑物中的人容易感染流感、呼吸道疾病和传染病解释(A-B)生活在狭窄的环境中会导致高压力水平,因为人们面临着诸如缺乏隐私和暴露在噪音中的问题解释(B-C)所有这些问题都会给医疗系统带来压力
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Theshortageofhigh-qualityhousing住房的短缺thegeneralpublic大众apublichealthissue公共卫生问题increasethemedicalcost增加医疗成本havepoorsanitation,ventilationandinsulation卫生,通风,隔音效果canbevulnerabletoflu,respiratorydiseasesandinfectiousdiseases容易感染流感,呼吸道疾病和其他传染highstresslevels高血压lackofprivacy缺乏隐私exposuretonoise暴露于噪音之中poseastrainonthemedicalsystem对医疗系统造成压力
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Theshortageofhigh-qualityhousingforthegeneralpubliccanbeapublichealthissueandincreasethemedicalcost.Peoplelivinginbuildingswhichhavepoorsanitation,ventilationandinsulationcanbevulnerabletoflu,respiratorydiseasesandinfectiousdiseases.Livingincrampedconditionscanleadtohighstresslevelsaspeoplefaceproblemssuchasthelackofprivacyandexposuretonoise.Alltheseproblemscanposeastrainonthemedicalsystem.
3.法律A住房紧缺B贫富差距加大C社会不稳定解释(A-B)虽然低收入者必须用他们收入的很大一部分来支付抵押贷款或租金,但那些富裕家庭拥有多种财产,通过出租他们的一些房子来过上舒适的生活解释(C的结果)经济上的分歧可能导致反社会行为和对上层阶级的犯罪增加解释(C的结果)政府没能解决这个问题,人们会憎恨政府
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housingsupplycrisis住房供给危机threatensocialstability威胁社会稳定increasethedisparitybetweenrichandpoor增加贫富差距usealargeproportionoftheirearnings用收入的一大部分paythemortgageorrent付抵押贷款或租金well-offfamilies富裕家庭havemultipleproperties拥有多种财产livecomfortably过上舒适的

生活rentingoutsomeoftheirhouses出租他们的一些房子anti-socialbehaviour导致反社会行为theupperclass上层阶级feelresentful感到愤慨
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Thehousingsupplycrisisinthelongtermcanthreatensocialstabilityasitcanincreasethedisparitybetweenrichandpoor.Whilelowincomepeoplehavetousealargeproportionoftheirearningstopaythemortgageorrent,thosewell-offfamilieshavemultiplepropertiesandlivecomfortablybyrentingoutsomeoftheirhouses.Theeconomicdividecanleadtoanincreaseinanti-socialbehaviourandthecrimeagainsttheupperclass.Peoplefeelresentfulasthegovernmentfailstoaddresstheproblem.

解决房屋紧缺的方法:
1.设施A增加土地供应B多建房子C解决住房危机解释(A-B)这可以通过拆除市中心地区的一些废弃建筑来实现,因此房地产公司可以在那里建造一些住宅区。解释(A-B)另一种方法是在城市边缘建立一些新的住房区,并建立交通系统,使人们能够轻松地从家到中心办公室。解释(A-B)在大城市附近设计一些卫星城也是可能的,因此那些买不起第一套房子的人可以住在那里。
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increasethelandsupply增加土地的供给teardownsomedilapidatedbuildings拆除一些破旧的建筑realestatecompanies房地产公司buildsomehousingblocks建造住宅小区buildtransportlinks建立运输连接traveleasilyfromhometothecentraloffice从家里到办公室很简单
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Onewaytotacklethehousingcrisisistoincreasethelandsupplytoallowformorehousingdevelopmentprojects.Thiscanbeachievedbytearingdownsomedilapidatedbuildingsininnercityareas,sorealestatecompaniescanbuildsomehousingblocksthere.Anothermethodistocreatesomenewhousingareasontheedgeofthecityandbuildtransportlinksallowingpeopletotraveleasilyfromhometothecentraloffice.Itisalsopossibletodesignsomesatellitetownsclosetomegacities,sopeoplewhohavedifficultyinaffordingthefirsthomecanlivethere.

2.生活标准A提高福利房B让穷人有房子住C解决住房危机解释(A-B)政府可以利用房地产业的部分税收来建造住宅。解释(B-C)有资格参加这项计划的家庭可以住在这种补贴住宿,而无需承担巨大的费用。
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earnsufficientincome赚足够的钱getonthepropertyladder买房taxrevenue税收housingindustry房地产constructresidentialbuildings建造住宅建筑subsidisedaccommodation补贴住宅bearahugecost负担大笔钱
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Statehousingisalsoasolutionespeciallyforpeoplewhofailtoearnsufficientincometogetonthepropertyladder.Thegovernmentcanusepartoftaxrevenuefromthehousingindustrytoconstructresidentialbuildings.Familieseligibletojointhisprogrammecanliveinthiskindofsubsidisedaccommodationwithoutbearingahugecost.

3.法律A颁布法律B避免市场不当的投机行为C解决住房危机解释A-B法律可以限制一个家庭拥有的房屋的数量,防止富裕家庭购买大量房产。解释(B-C):如果超出限制,还可以对家庭拥有的额外房产征税。部分富裕家庭的资金可用于资助公屋,这个公屋向穷人提供。
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passsomelaws颁布法律curbspeculativeinvestment限制投机投资housingindustry房屋产业purchasingalargenumberofproperties购买大量的物业well-offfamilies富裕的家人imposepropertytaxes征收财产的税financecouncilhousing资助廉租房
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Thegovernmentcanpasssomelawstocurbspeculativeinvestmentinthehousingindustry.Lawscansetalimitonthenumberofhousesownedbyafamilyandpreventwealthyhouseholdspurchasingalargenumberofproperties.Propertytaxescanalsobeimposedonextrapropertiespossessedbyfamilies,ifthelimitisexceeded.Partofthemoneyfromthosewell-offfamiliescanbeusedtofinancecouncilhousing,whichcanbeprovidedbythedisadvantaged.

住房子和住单元(flat/department)的区别:
1.住房子空间大,有后院等,可以有更多的活动,譬如说园艺和举行PARTY,而单元比较拥挤,居住条件不是很好
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spacious,livingconditions

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Housesarenormallymorespacious.Withbackyards,ownerscanthrowpartiesandplanttheirgardens.Incontrast,flatsarenormallycrowdedandpeoplehavetoacceptcrampedlivingconditions.

2.房子一般不在市中心,比较安静,而单元楼在市中心,比较吵
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quietsubsurbs,citycentre

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Housesarenormallyinquietsuburbs,whileapartmentbuildingsarenormallyinthecitycentre,wherenoiseisconsistentlyaproblem.

3.房子贵,装修,按揭等,单元比较便宜,适合单身人士
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furnish,mortgage,youngprofessionals/one-personhouseholds
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Theownershipofahouseisexpensiveasownershavetofurnishthehomeandpaymortgage.Bycomparison,livinginflatsiscost-effectiveandsuitableforone-personhouseholds.4.单元一般在市中心,离各种设施都比较近,上班也方便
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intheurbancentre,accesstoamenities,traveltoandfromwork
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Blocksofflatarenormallyinthecentralarea,andtheaccesstoamenitiesisanadvantage.Peoplecantraveltoandfromworkmoreeasily.


雅思作文观点库-话题19:城市类:房屋问题

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