专题复习 (八) 形容词和副词

形容词

一、形容词在句子的作用

1. 作定语。位于名词之前，不定代词之后。

2. 作表语。位于系动词如taste, smell, sound, look, feel, appear, seems, keep, turn, remain…之后。

3. 作宾补。放在宾语之后。如make me happy, keep your eyes dosed.

二、形容词的比较级，最高级

1. 同级比较 as+原级+as; not as/so+原级+as 不如…

2. 两事物相比用比较级 “A+be+比较级+than+B”；两者之间进行选择哪一个更…“which/who is+形容词比较级，A or B?”， 表示两者之一较（更）“the+比较级+of the two/twins…”，修饰比较级的有：even, much, a little, a bit, far, any, still等。

3. the more…the more 越…越；more and more 越来越…； be+倍数+比较级+than….

4. 三个或三个以上的事物相比用最高级句型

⑴ be+the+最高级+of群体或in范围

⑵ one of the +最高级+名词复数（注：最高级前可有序数词修饰）

⑶ 最高级可用比较级结构表示。

1. He is the tallest student in his class.

2. He is taller than any other student in his class.

3. He is taller than the other students in his class.

4. No one is taller than him in his class.

5. He is taller than anyone else in his class.

三、加前缀或后缀构成形容词

1. 加前缀un, im等构成形容词的反义词，在变反义疑问句时省略问句部分用否定形式。

She looks unhappy, doesn’t she?

2. 许多形容词加ly构成副词，但有些以ly结尾的词是形容词如friendly, ugly, lovely, daily, weekly, silly, lively…

3. 以后缀ed形式结尾的形容词表示人的感受如bored, excited, surprised, interested等，以后缀ing形式构成的形容词表示人或物的特点，译为“令人…”多用来修饰物如boring, exciting, surprising, interesting等。

4. 某些名词后加后缀y构成形容词：sunny, windy, noisy, healthy…

副词

一、副词的种类

1. 时间副词：now, then, yesterday, tomorrow, later, so far…不同的时间副词和不同的动词时态连用。

2. 频度副词：always, often, sometimes, at times, hardly, never… 提问用How often

3. 地点副词： here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere…表地点的副词不用介词修饰，go home, go somewhere.

4. 程度副词：much, a little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, terribly, nearly, almost, mostly, not at all…

5. 方式副词：大都是由形容词+ly构成，loudly, quickly, carefully, politely, angrily…

6. 疑问副词、连接副词：how, when, where, why

二、副词的用法

1. 副词用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，在句子主要作状语，作定语时要后置。

2. 副词的位置：作状语时位置灵活；频度副词如always, often, never, usually等作状语时应放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词或be动词之后。

三、副词的比较等级：

1. 副词的三级的用法与形容词的三级的用法相类似，最高级前定冠词the可以省略。

2. 形容词加后缀构成的副词前要加more和most构成。

1. —The cake looks . —Yes, and it would taste even with butter.

A. well; good B. nice; better C. good; worse D. better; best

2. —Where did you go on holiday this summer? England?

—You are . We went on a 10-day tour to Paris.

A. funny B. right C. cool D. close

3. —The dish is delicious! —Well, at least it’s the one I cook yesterday.

A. as good as B. worse than C. as well as D. as bad as

4. The number of giant pandas is getting , because their living areas are becoming farmlands.

A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer

5. It’s too late to invite any more people. , you know how Tim hates parties.

A. Besides B. However C. Still D. Instead

6. —Did you have a wonderful time at the party? —Yes, it’s one I’ve ever been to before.

A. a more excited B. a more exciting C. the most excited D. the most exciting

7. —Do you know anything about the players of our school football team?

—Yes. They are young boys between the age of thirteen and fifteen.

A. most B. mostly C. almost D. at most

8. The two friends were _ pleased to see each other that they were talking on and on happily in the park.

A. too B. so C. quite D. much

9. —We’re doing a lot to protect our environment, but it is not good enough.

—So we should try to look after it.

A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly

10. Mrs Smith has a cute baby. It often smiles at people .

A. friendly B. lovely C. happily D. lively

11. He said he would come to see us the next afternoon.

A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times

12. We can do a lot to stay healthy. , we should eat a balanced diet.

A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together

13. Hey, Nick, comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we’ll have to walk home.

A. This B. There C. That D. It

14. English is used in China now .

A. wide B. widely C. many D. any

15. It’s not so as yesterday, so there are people sitting in the square.

A. cold, fewer B. warm, more C. cold, more

16. —Are you satisfied with the result of the exam? —Not at all. I can’t have .

A. a worse one B. a better one C. the worst one D. the best one

17. We didn’t get on well and he often made me .

A. angry B. angrily C. to be angry D. be angry

18. He jumps than in his class.

A. more highly; anyone else B. more high; anyone else

C. higher; anyone D. higher; any other student

19.—I want to know more about how to use this word. —You can look it up in the dictionary.

A. mostly B. exactly C. nearly D. hardly

20. —What do you think of Tom’s speaking? —No one does in our class.

A. good B. better C. well D. best

21. —I think winter is a beautiful season, when it snows. —Me too.

A. specially B. especially C. probably D. properly

22. —Emily, here’s a dictionary. I hope it will help you. —Thank you. It’s what I need.

A. just B. still C. only D. almost

23. Some rules are almost the same in the world, but rules of etiquette can be different from place to place.

A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere

24. Of all the team in NBA, I think the Los Angeles Lakes played this year.

A. most successfully B. the most successfully C. very successfully D. much more successfully

25. It’s almost impossible for little birds to eat much food in a short time.

A. so, so, so B. so, so, such C. such, so, such D. such, so, so

专题复习（九）动词和动词短语

一、动词的定义及分类

动词是表示人或物的动作或状态的词，有时态，语态，形式上的变化，一般在句中构成谓语。动词分为：及物动词（vt）、不及物动词（vi）、系动词（be, become, look, taste,…）、助动词、情态动词。

二、实义动词能独立作谓语，表达具体动作意义的动词

1. 及物动词：需要宾语才能使其意思完整

The reached the city early.(动+宾)

I find the door open. (动+宾+补)

Could you give us some help? (动+双宾)

2. 不及物动词：自身意思完整，无需接宾语

They worked hard but still failed to catch others.

3、动词短语:指动词和介词，副词构成的固定搭配。

1. 动词+介词：agree with, aim at, get over, knock on, listen to, laugh at, talk about…

2. 动词+副词：clean up, put on, give out, put away…(注：代词要夹中间)

3. 动词+名词/代词：do morning exercises, go skating, make frends…

4. 动词+名词/代词/副词+介词：catch up with, help yourself to, run out of…

5. 其他类型：fall asleep, come true, get married, had better…

动词及动词短语辨析

1. —It’s said that aliens tried to warn the astronauts on the moon to .

—Maybe they didn’t like human beings to get close to them.

A. stay up B. stay out C. stay away D. stay behind

2. Your homework is well done, Just some small mistakes in it.

A. create B. connect C. correct D. control

3. This silk dress so smooth. It’s made in China.

A. tastes B. smells C. sounds D. feels

4. I find time very quickly when I do something interesting.

A. goes out B. goes by C. goes off D. goes away

5. —The windows are broken and need to be repaired.

—I think so. They can hardly the cold now.

A. keep out B. give out C. take out D. put out

6. —What do you think of Mr. Read’s speech?

—He for nearly two hours but didn’t anything important.

A. spoke; speak B. said; say C. spoke; say D. said; spoke

7. —Do you still have a headache, Bill? —No, it’s . I’m all right now, Mum.

A. dropped B. ran C. left D. gone

8. --Iphones and ipads are so popular these days. --Yes, they can our eyes to the outside world.

A. open up B. turn up C. call up D. think up

9. —What do you think of the story? —It’s very interesting. It makes us .

A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. to laughing

10. We hope you can a better idea to solve the pollution problem.

A. look out B. come up with C. get along with D. catch up with

11. I can’t find my Chinese-English dictionary. I’m afraid I have it in my home.

A. missed B. lost C. lent D. left

12. —How long do you think the terrible weather will ? —Why not listen to the weather report?

A. appear B. last C. change D. discover

13. —Will you please help me to repair the computer now?

—Sorry. I’m too busy and I haven’t a minute to .

A. spare B. share C. spend D. save

14. —How was your weekend, Jeff? —I had great watching a football game.

A. interest B. time C. fun D. funny

15. I bought a new sweater last weekend. It me 120 yuan.

A. paid B. take C. cost D. spent

16. —The little girl her seat to an old man on the bus. —What a kind girl!

A. brought B. offered C. gave D. lent

17. —Chinese tennis player Li Na won a championship again!

—Yeah, I watched the game and my spirits at the news.

A. rose B. calmed C. turned D. shook

18. With the help of the Internet, information can every corner of the world quickly.

A. go B. land C. reach D. arrive

19. The lady dancing as a hobby in her sixties, and she is really good at it now.

A. dressed up B. looked up C. took up D. put up

20. —What a nice coat! I’ll take it. —But you’d better first. I’m afraid it may be small for you.

A. try it on B. pay for it C. put it on D. try on it

21. We should never till tomorrow what we can do today.

A. put on B. put off C. give up D. give away

22. —Could I borrow your computer, Bob? —Sorry, I am it.

A. taking out B. turning on C. working on D. turning up

23. --Don’t try to anything from me, Mary.

—I know nothing about it, Mom! I was sleeping at that time.

A. hear B. cheat C. get D. hide

24. While traveling to Canada, you should give yourself a day to the time and know the way nearby.

A. used to B. be used to C. use to

25. The children very early because they live far away from the school.

A. take off B. turn off C. put off D. set off

26. Choosing a right circle of friends can us a lot of troubles, heartaches and possibly a life of deep regret.

A. save B. share C. keep D. bring

27. -- This is quite a new phrase. -- Right. It has already the language.

A. spoken B. used C. entered D. covered

28. --Have you watched the TV show “Dad, Where Are We Going?”

--Yes, I have. In the show all the fathers and children have to many difficulties.

A. use up B. come over C. get over D. run out

初中英语专题复习讲义 形容词和副词，动词和动词词组