2003年考研英语—真题及答案

发布时间:2023-01-10 11:22:01

2003年考研英语真题及答案2003text1WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe"greatgame"ofespionagespyingasa"profession".ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.Thelatestrevolutionisn'tsimplyamatterofgentlemenreadingothergentlemen'se-mail.Thatkindofelectronicspyinghasbeengoingonfordecades.Inthepastthreeorfouryears,theWorldWideWebhasgivenbirthtoawholeindustryofpoint-and-clickspying.Thespookscallit"open-sourceintelligence",andastheNetgrows,itisbecomingincreasinglyinfluential.In1995theCIAheldacontesttoseewhocouldcompilethemostdataaboutBurundi.Thewinner,byalargemargin,wasatinyVirginiacompanycalledOpenSourceSolutions,whoseclearadvantagewasitsmasteryoftheelectronicworld.AmongthefirmsmakingthebiggestsplashinthisnewworldisStraitford,Inc.,aprivateintelligence-analysisfirmbasedinAustin,Texas.Straitfordmakesmoneybysellingtheresultsofspying(coveringnationsfromChiletoRussiatocorporationslikeenergy-servicesfirmMcDermottInternational.Manyofitspredictionsareavailableonlineatwww.straitford.com.StraifordpresidentGeorgeFriedmansaysheseestheonlineworldasakindofmutuallyreinforcingtoolforbothinformationcollectionanddistribution,aspymaster'sdream.LastweekhisfirmwasbusyvacuumingupdatabitsfromthefarcornersoftheworldandpredictingacrisisinUkraine."Assoonasthatreportruns,we'llsuddenlyget500newInternetsign-upsfromUkraine,"saysFriedman,aformerpoliticalscienceprofessor."Andwe'llhearbackfromsomeofthem."Open-sourcespyingdoeshaveitsrisks,ofcourse,sinceitcanbedifficulttotellgoodinformationfrombad.That'swhereStraitfordearnsitskeep.Friedmanreliesonaleanstaffof20inAustin.Severalofhisstaffmembershavemilitary-intelligencebackgrounds.Heseesthefirm'soutsiderstatusasthekeytoitssuccess.Straitford'sbriefsdon'tsoundliketheusualWashingtonback-and-forthing,wherebyagenciesavoiddramaticdeclarationsonthechancetheymightbewrong.Straitford,saysFriedman,takesprideinitsindependentvoice.41.TheemergenceoftheNethas________.[A]receivedsupportfromfanslikeDonovan[B]remoldedtheintelligenceservices[C]restoredmanycommonpastimes[D]revivedspyingasaprofession42.Donovan'sstoryismentionedinthetextto________.[A]introducethetopicofonlinespying[B]showhowhefoughtfortheUS[C]giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar[D]honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA43.Thephrase"makingthebiggestsplash"(line1,paragraph3mostprobablymeans________.[A]causingthebiggesttrouble[B]exertingthegreatesteffort[C]achievingthegreatestsuccess[D]enjoyingthewidestpopularity44.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph4that________.[A]Straitford'spredictionaboutUkrainehasprovedtrue[B]Straitfordguaranteesthetruthfulnessofitsinformation[C]Straitford'sbusinessischaracterizedbyunpredictability[D]Straitfordisabletoprovidefairlyreliableinformation45.Straitfordismostproudofits________.[A]officialstatus
[B]nonconformistimage[C]efficientstaff[D]militarybackground试题解析:这是一篇说明性的文章,介绍了互联网技术对情报行业的影响。文章第一段便指出,互联网在改变情报行业。第二段进一步说明互联网促使了一种新的情报行业的诞生,运用互联网技术可以获取更多的情报。接下来,作者以Straitford公司为例,介绍该公司如何将网络技术运用于情报工作以及该公司的一些经营理念。整篇文章通基于这篇文章的5道小题考查的范围覆盖了全文,既考查了考生理解具体信息的能力,也考查了考生推测词义、推理引申的能力。5道小题难度适中。41.[B]那句话是:“ThesedaystheNet,whichhasre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.”。其中,“Donovan'svocation”指的就是“spying”,也就是“intelligenceservices”“reshape”理解了以上这两点就能选出正确答案B。其实B选项就是原文的另一种表述方式。但是,此题只有28.7%的更多的考生选择的是D。选错的原因可能在于考生对“reshape”“revive”的词义差别区分不清。“revive”一词的含义是“tocomeorbringbackintouseorexistence”<使>复兴,<使>复活),暗含的意思是某事物已不存在或已丧失作用。第一段并没有提到间谍行业曾经消失的信息,从第二段中我们了解到互联网推动了情报行业的发展,DC选项也不正确,关键也在于“re-make”“restore”的差别。“restore”的含义有:1“bringbackintoexistenceoruse”(该义项与“revive”相近);(2“bringbacktoanoriginalcondition”(恢复到原来的状态)。原文说的是,互联网改变了人们日常生活的方式,如:买书,发邮件等。人们现在可以足不出户,通过网络购书或发电子邮件。“restore”A选项也是错误的。选择A的考生对第一句话没有理解。第一句话用“wouldhaveloved”虚拟语气说,若WildBillDonovan还在世的话,他会爱上互联网的。可见Donovan在世的时候并没有互联网,从后面的几句话中我们也能证实这一点。所以A选项将Donovan说成是互联网的爱好者的说法是错误的。42.[A]Donovan答这类题的时候,考生应从整段或全文的角度去考虑。作者在写文章时举出某个例子时,这个例子一定是围绕着作者想表达的观点。读懂了细节,弄清了篇章结构能有助于把握文章主旨,反过来,了解了文章的大致主题和观点也可帮助我们吃透细节。其实,在篇首对Donovan的介绍只是一个引子,导出的是作者要谈的主题,即第一段的最后一句话。在后面的几段中,作者介绍了互联网对情报工作的影响。所以答案是AC这道题属于中等难度偏易的题目,区分度较好。43.[C]“makeasplash”的含义是“tocreateaforceful,favorable,andnoticeableeffect”。即使不知道这个词组的含义,也可StraitfordC这道题属于中等难度偏易的题目,区分度较好。44.[D]第四段主要讲的是:Friedman将互联网作为一个双向的工具,既用来收集信息,又用来发布信息。然后以乌(UkraineA选项的说法没有根据,因为文中只说了Stfaitford公司作出了关于乌克兰局势的预测,并没有信息说明预言B选项的说法“Straitford公司确保情报的真实性与原文意思有些不符。第四段最后一句说,利用互联网收集情报是有风险的,因为情报的真伪难辨。Straitford公司就是靠辨别真伪情报吃饭的。从这两句话中可以知道,Straitford公司能提供相当可靠的情报,但没有保证情报百分之百准确,从常理上说也是不可能的。所以B的说法

2003年考研英语—真题及答案

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