高一英语Healthy eating教案

●目标导引

Ⅰ.单词及短语

fried,stomach,ought to,examine,plenty of,diet,keep up with,make the right choices,now and then

Ⅱ.语法：情态动词(1)

had better,should,ought to

●内容精讲

Ⅰ.单词及短语精讲

1.stomach n. 肚子，胃，复数为stomachs。肚子疼：stomachache

构成短语有：

have a pain in the stomach 胃(腹)疼

lie on one's stomach 俯卧

have the stomach for… 对……有兴趣

turn one's stomach 使……恶心

on an empty/a full stomach 空着肚子/吃饱

2.bar n.

(1)条状物；棒

a bar of soap 一条肥皂

a bar of chocolate 一条巧克力

a bar of gold一根金条

(2)酒吧 a coffee bar

(3)固定短语：behind bars 在狱中

3.plenty of

充分的，大量的，既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词，只用于陈述句，在疑问句中一般用enough，在否定句中用many 或much。注意：plenty of前面没有冠词a,不可误记成a plenty of。

e.g.Make sure there is plenty of food for everyone.

We have plenty of chairs here.

in plenty 充足地

There is food in plenty.=There is plenty of food.

4.diet n.

(1)正常饮食 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食

a diet of potatoes 土豆饮食

(2)饮食限制 go on a diet=be on a diet 节食,节食

No sugar in my coffee;I'm dieting.

5.disease n.疾病

a serious disease of the liver 严重的肝病

diseased adj.有病的

e.g.a diseased plant病态的植物

同义词区分：illness,disease

illness：很少指具体疾病，只表示抽象的疾病和生病的状态。

disease:指可以染上和传染他人的疾病。

e.g.Several children are away from school because of illness.

几个孩子因为生病没上学。

He has a rare heart disease.

他得了一种罕见的心脏病。

6.probably 与 possibly比较

(1)probably 极有可能,有几分根据的猜测;比possibly所指的可能性大些。

e.g.He is working hard and clever as well many people can help him.He will probably win.

(2)possibly 可能地。表示客观上潜在的可能性，可能性比probably小，经常与情态动词can 或may 连用。

e.g.She may possibly be the greatest writer of her generation.她或许是她那一代人中最伟大的作家。

7.promise v.&n.允诺；答应

动词用法：后接名词或代词、不定式、that 从句

e.g.(1)They promised an immediate reply.他们答应立刻回复。

(2)He promised me to here at six o'clock.

=He promised me that he would be here at six o'clock.

他答应我他将在六点在这里等我。

(3)I promised you not to say that.我答应你不说那件事。

(4)It promises to be warm this afternoon.今天下午有望转暖。

(5)He is a promising boy.他是一个有前途的男孩。

名词用法：

make a promise 许下诺言

give a promise 许下诺言

keep a promise 信守诺言

carry out a promise 履行诺言

break a promise违背诺言

8.brain n.

(1)用作不可数名词，大脑

The brain is the centre of higher nervous activity.

大脑是高等神经活动的中枢。

(2)用作可数名词brains，智力，头脑

She has a good brain.=She has good brains.

她很聪明。

Ⅱ.句子精讲

9.You ought to be careful with fruit.你应该对水果慎重。

be careful用法归纳

(1)be careful 单独使用，当心

Be careful！The pan is hot!当心！锅很热。

(2)be careful about…对……谨慎

I hope you'll be careful in future about the things you say.

我希望你将来对所说的事情谨慎。

(3)be careful of…留神……

We have to be careful of what they are doing.

我们得留神他们做的什么。

(4)be careful with…注意……

You must be more careful with your work.

你们需注意你们的工作。

有时be careful表示吝啬。

He's too careful with his money;he never buys a drink for anyone.

他太吝啬了，他从不给别人买杯水。

(5)be careful not to do sth.小心不要做……

We want to be careful not to break anything.

我们要小心不要打破任何东西。

(6)be careful+从句 加以小心

Be careful what you do.小心你做的一切。

10.Eating habits become part of who we are.

饮食习惯变成我们自身的一部分。

who we are 为介词of 的宾语从句。

eating habits 为动名词短语作句子的主语。动名词或不定式(短语)作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。Seeing is believing.

part of… ……的一部分

Part of the building was destroyed in the fire.

大楼的一部分被火烧毁了。

a part of 指不足一半，意为“一小部分”。

e.g.We spent a part of our holiday in France.

我们的一部分假期是在法国度过的。

11.Organic vegetables are vegetables that are grown without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings and the environment.

有机蔬菜是不含对人类及环境有害的化学物的蔬菜。

(1)be harmful to…对……有害

be +adj.+to sb./sth. 指对某人或某物有……影响或态度如何。

be good to…

=be kind to…对……态度好

be friendly to…对……友好

be cruel to…对……凶残

be bad to…对……态度不好

be polite/impolite to…对……有礼貌/无礼貌

be rude to…对……粗鲁

(2)harm n.伤害

do harm to sb.

=do sb.harm

=be harmful to sb.对某人有害

Smoking does harm to people.吸烟对人们有害。

类似的短语还有：

do sb.wrong=do wrong to sb.使某人受委屈

do sb.good=do good to sb.对某人有好处

12.The same goes for “crash diets” that some companies say will make us lose weight fast.

某些公司所说的迅速减肥食品也是一样的。

(1)go for…适用于……；应用于……

He thought the lunch was terrible,and the same goes for all the rest of us too.

他认为这顿午餐糟透了，我们也有同感。

(2)lose weight 减肥；与weight构成的词组还有：

put on weight=gain weight 变胖；over weight过重，超重；under weight重量不足，缺斤短两；

by weight 以重量计算

13.If our body is short of any of its kind,we'll become sick.

如果我们的身体缺少任何一种，我们就会生病。

(1)be short of 缺少

I'm short of money this week,can you lend me some？

这个星期我缺钱，你能借给我一点吗？

(2)run short 几乎用光

We've run short of oil.我们已经用光油了。

The supply of oil is running short.供应的油快要用光了。

14.Cook the chicken and cut it into small pieces.

将鸡肉煮熟并把它切成小块。

cut短语总结：

(1)cut into…把……切成

Vegetables should be cut into small pieces and dropped into the boiling water.

蔬菜应切成小碎块放进开水里。

(2)cut up 切碎

Mom is cutting up the meat to make dumplings.

妈妈正剁肉准备包饺子。

(3)cut down 砍倒；削减

If you cut down the trees,you will ruin the land.

如果你砍伐树木，就会毁坏土地。

I have decided to cut down my smoking.我决定戒烟。

(4)cut off 切断，停掉

Our water supply has been cut off again.我们的供水突然中断。

Ⅲ.语法精讲

15.情态动词had better,should及 ought to的用法

(1)had better 最好

①加动词原形

You'd better get some sleep.你最好睡一会儿。

I'd better not disturb him.我最好不打扰他了。

②后接be doing sth.表示最好立即做某事

I think I'd better be going.

我想我最好立刻走。

③祈使句中had省略

Better not wait for them.最好不等他们。

④反义疑问句用had

You'd better put away your socks,hadn't you?

你最好把你的袜子收拾好，难道不行吗？

You had better not follow her,had you？你最好不要跟她，不是吗？

(2)should 与ought to 应该

①ought to 的口气比should 稍重一些，更侧重于某件事责任、义务上该做的事情。should表示某件事宜于做。下列句子两个词不宜换用：

You are his father.You ought to take care of him.

你是他的父亲，就应该照顾他。

We should not use too many big words in our everyday speech.

我们不应该说太多的大话在我们的日常讲话中。

②ought to 的句式变化

否定句：You ought not =(oughtn't) to write so carelessly.

你不该写得这样粗心。

疑问句：Ought we to give him a chance to try？

我们该给他机会试一试?

③与完成时连用

should/ought to have done sth.

本应该做……(而实际没做)

We ought to have finished our homework on time.

我们本应该按时完成作业。

shouldn't/oughtn't to have done sth.

本不应该做……(而实际做了)

They oughtn't to have come back so late.

他们本不该回来这样晚。

●迁移发散

16.advise,suggest用法

(1)advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事

advise doing sth.建议做某事。

advise that…(should)+动词原形

e.g.I advise you to leave now.我建议你现在就离开。

I advise waiting till the proper time.我建议等到适当时机(才行动)。

We advise that steps(should)be taken at once.我们建议立即采取措施。

(2)suggest建议，其句型为

suggest doing sth.建议做某事

suggest one's doing sth.建议某人去做某事

=suggest sb.doing

suggest that…(should)+动词原形

We suggested that the old museum(should)be rebuilt as soon as possible.

我们建议那座旧博物馆应该尽早重修。

［过关题］

(1)The doctor__________him to give up smoking,but he refused.

A.advised B.insisted C.suggested D.persuaded

答案：A

(2)Our English teacher__________our buying a good English-Chinese dictionary.

A.asked B.ordered C.suggested D.required

答案：C

17.the rest of 其他的，其余的。后既可接可数名词，又可接不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词一致。the rest作主语，谓语动词的单、复数取决于它所指代的意义。

e.g The rest of the students are still in the classroom.

The rest of the water is still in the glass.

类似用法的短语还有：

some of…;a lot of /lots of…;most of…；

分数/百分数+of…；all of…；half of…；plenty of…

［过关题］

(1)Three-fourths of the surface of the earth__________sea.

A.is B.are C.were D.has been

答案：A

(2)__________of the land in that district__________covered with trees and grass.

A.Two fifth；is B.Two fifth;are

C.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;are

答案：C

(3)There are seven students from Japan,__________are from Iran and__________are from__________places.

A.other;the rest;others B.other;the rest;other

C.the others;rest;another D.another;the rest;the other

答案：B

18.all together 与altogether

(1)all together 许多人或物一起做某事

Don't speak all together.One at a time.

不要一起说，每次一个人发言。

(2)altogether 总共=in all=totally=in total

Altogether,there are six of us.

［过关题］

__________,the medical team is made up of 12 doctors.

A.Altogether B.Entirely C.Completely D.Wholly

答案:A

课文背景阅读

Fast-food restaurants are responding to the consumers'(消费者)demand for healthier meals.Now,salad bars are in place in many chains along with healthier options on the menu,including grilled chicken breasts,vegetables,and oat bran buns(燕麦麸面包).

Hamburgers traditionally have been fried with ten or even fifteen teaspoon of fat!Now,there are a growing number of consumers who don't want fried food,or who insist that their burgers and French fries be prepared in vegetable oil.Low-fat yogurt is offered as an alternative(选择)to ice cream.

Americans spend more than fifty billion dollars on fast food every year.And sixty-six million of us eat at least one meal a day away from home.But now,with these changes in menus,eating out doesn't have to ruin your diet.At McDonald's you can order a salad with reduced-calorie dressing and low-fat yogurt;at Arby's,eat French fries fried in corn oil;at Burger King,have a skinless chicken breast on an oat bran roll;and at Domino's Pizza,order a pizza with a vegetable topping.

In many of the large franchise restaurants,there is a chart posted to inform consumers about the fat content,sodium content,cholesterol count,and calorie count of each item on the menu.If you don't see a poster,just ask for the information at the counter when you order your meal.You will find several options that will keep you on your diet.

●课后训练

一、单项选择

1.Well known for his expert advice,he was able to help a__________of people with their personal affairs.

A.dozen B.great deal

C.many D.number

2.We had plenty of paper but __________ ink.

A.few B.a few

C.not many D.not much

3.—Do you think he'll succeed?

—Well,he's helped by many people and what's more,he works extremely hard,so he'll __________ succeed.

A.perhaps B.possibly

C.likely D.probably

4.The road to the mountains __________ by the snow for almost a month.

A.has been cut off B.have been cut off

C.has been cut down D.have been cut down

5.They bought me __________ chocolate on their way to my home.

A.a set of B.a drop of

C.a bar of D.a block of

6.An ant has two __________.

A.legs B.bodies

C.stomaches D.stomachs

7.The doctor ordered him a __________ without sugar.

A.food B.diet

C.dish D.meal

8.__________ is usually caused by germs(病菌).

A.Illness B.Coughing

C.Disease D.Disability

9.The clouds __________ rain.

A.say B.talk

C.shows D.promise

10.Once you make a promise,you should__________ it.

A.carry out B.hold

C.keep up D.not break

11.Jim has good __________.

A.brain B.brains

C.mind D.heart

12.What I have said about him __________ for you,too.

A.goes B.does

C.is the same D.fit

13.The people in China are __________the Olympics.

A.preparing B.preparing for

C.get ready for D.prepared

14.He __________ weight over the years.

A.has put B.puts on

C.has put on D.lost

15.The doctor__________his to give up smoking,but he refused.

A.advised B.insisted

C.suggested D.persuaded

16.—Can I leave the door open at night?

—You __________ better not.

A.should B.would

C.could D.had

17.It's freezing outside.You __________ put on your overcoat.

A.had better to B.had better

C.would better D.would better to

18.We__________for her because she never came.

A.needn't wait B.shouldn't have waited

C.mustn't wait D.mustn't have waited

19.Where is my pen?I__________it.

A.might lose B.would have lost

C.should have lost D.must have lost

20.Janny__________have kept her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.

A.must B.should

C.need D.would

21.We __________ last night,but we went to the concert instead.

A.must have studied B.might study

C.should have studied D.would study

22.I told Sally how to get here,but perhaps I__________for her.

A.had to write it out B.must have written it out

C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out

23.It's nearly seven o'clock.Jack__________ be here at any moment.

A.must B.need

C.should D.can

24.—When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.

—They__________be ready by 12:00.

A.can B.should

C.might D.need

25.That young man had made so much noise that he __________ not have been allowed to attend the concert.

A.could B.must

C.would D.should

26.Sir,you __________ be sitting in this waiting room.It's for women and children only.

A.oughtn't to B.can't

C.won't D.needn't

27.There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party.You __________come,but why didn't you?

A.must have B.should

C.need have D.ought to have

28.I was really anxious about you.You__________home without a word.

A.mustn't leave B.shouldn't have left

C.couldn't have left D.needn't leave

29.Oh,I'm not feeling well in the stomach.I__________so much fried chicken just now.

A.shouldn't eat B.mustn't have eaten

C.shouldn't have eaten D.mustn't eat

30.—I didn't see her yesterday.I looked for her everywhere,but couldn't find her.

—Oh,you__________.She was working in the office.

A.ought to have B.ought to

C.must have D.couldn't have

二、完形填空

Even though we have more choice of what to eat than forty years ago,the average diet of the average British is 1 .In fact, 2 recent research,British pets,eating 3 tinned food,have a healthier diet than most of 4 owners.

Health ministers were shocked at recent figures which 5 that Britain has the third worst 6 in Europe for heart disease:Cancer is also a 7 cause of illness and death.This has 8 the government a movement to encourage healthier eating 9 .Health ministers believe we should 10 a lesson from America, 11 death rates from heart disease have 12 .

The American public is now 13 the link between diet 14 good health.The movement will encourage the 15 of less animals fat,salt and sugar that are eaten 16 .It will show the 17 of eating more fresh fruit and vegetables.

The Health Department is going to publish a book which will give help on what food to eat and what not to.

Discussions are being 18 between the government and food makers.Following these talks,food will be labelled 19 users can 20 see how much fat,sugar there is in the food products they buy.

1.A.healthier B.more healthier C.less healthy D.less healthier

2.A.according to B.thanks to C.because of D.though

3.A.prepared specially B.specially prepared

C.preparing specially D.specially preparing

4.A.their B.theirs C.it D.its

5.A.write B.present C.show D.believe

6.A.signal B.show C.record D.sign

7.A.raised B.raising C.grown D.growing

8.A.expected B.made C.helped D.led

9.A.hobbies B.habits C.custom D.practice

10.A.take B.get C.hold D.make

11.A.on which B.at which C.where D.when

12.A.raised B.included C.increased D.fallen

13.A.knowing B.recognizing C.understanding D.realizing

14.A.and B.for C.to D.or

15.A.ate B.eating C.eat D.eaten

16.A.on purpose B.on situation C.at present D.at best

17.A.dislikes B.goodness C.habits D.usefulness

18.A.held B.considered C.taken D.made

19.A.even if B.so that C.if D.whether

20.A.preciously B.quickly C.finally D.clearly

三、阅读理解

A

Eat nuts every day,and you will keep heart disease away.

This is the conclusion some medical researchers have recently reached after a sixty-year study on 34 000 people in California with focus(集中点)on their dietary habits and heart diseases.

Compared with(与……比较)someone who never cares for nuts,the one who eats nuts such as peanuts(花生)and walnuts(胡桃)at least once a day has only 47 per cent chance of having heart trouble,according to one of the researchers.

Another report states that 60 per cent of all those who eat nuts regularly like to crunch(咀嚼) peanut either during or between meals.

This led the researchers to believe that the more regularly one sticks to the habit of eating nuts,the less will be his chance of getting heart disease.

1.“keep away” in the first sentence means __________.

A.keep up B.keep up with

C.prevent D.cure

2.Scientists began to study the relation(关系)of people's dietary habits and heart diseases at least__________years ago.

A.three B.four

C.five D.six

3.Peanuts and walnuts are two kinds of__________.

A.fruits B.plastics

C.animals D.flowers

4.Scientists advised you to eat__________peanut every day.

A.a great deal of B.a handful of

C.a good many D.quantities of

5.The 34 000 people are__________people.

A.Chinese B.Japanese

C.Italian D.American

B

Eating Habits

Isn't it astonishing how much time we spend talking about food?“Have you ever eaten?”“What did you have for lunch?”and so on.And yet when you travel from one country to another,you will find that people have quite different feelings about food.People often feel that what they eat is normal(正常)and that what other people eat is strange or silly.In most parts of Asia,for example,no meal is complete without rice.In England,people eat potatoes every day.In the Middle East,bread is the main part of every meal.Eating like so many things we do,becomes a habit which is difficult to change.Americans like to drink a lot of orange juice and coffee.The English drink tea four or five times every day.Australians drink a great deal of beer,and the French drink wine every day.

The sort of meat people like to eat also differs from one country to another.Horse meat is thought to be delicious in France.In Hong Kong,some people enjoy eating snakes.New Zealander eat sheep,but they never eat goat meat.The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat because of its smell,but they enjoy eating raw fish(生鱼).

So it seems that although eating is a topic we can talk about for hours,there is very little common sense in what we say about it.People everywhere enjoy eating what they have always eaten,and there is very little we can do to change our eating habits.

6.Which of the following is true according to the article?

A.All people have the same feeling about food.

B.In most parts of Asia,people usually have rice for meals.

C.People often consider other people to be strange or silly.

D.The topic people spend time talking about is bread and meat.

7.Japanese people like to eat raw fish because they think it__________.

A.cheap B.normal

C.interesting D.delicious

8.People in different countries__________.

A.drink the same sort of wine

B.have the same eating habit

C.eat different kinds of meat

D.have the same tea at different time with in a day

9.The Japanese don't like to eat sheep meat__________.

A.because they dislike its smell

B.because it is too expensive

C.because it is easy to go bad

D.because they think it will do harm to their health

10.English people drink tea four or five times a day__________.

A.because they get thirsty easily

B.because there is plenty of tea in Britain

C.because of their drinking habit

D.because they have enough time to do so

四、短文改错

A man with two bad burned ears went to see 1.__________

his doctor.“What has happened on you?”asked the 2.__________

doctor.“Well,my wife is ironing while 3.__________

I was watching a ball game on TV.She put on the 4.__________

hot iron near the telephone then my phone 5.__________

rang.I answered the iron instead of the phone.” 6.__________

The doctor nodded.“But what had 7.__________

happened to other ear?”The man said,“Hardly had 8.__________

I hanged up,when the same person called up 9.__________

again.”The doctor can't help laughing when he heard this. 10.__________

五、书面表达

面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以Studying Abroad为题，根据以下提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。

注意：1.第一句已为你写好，不计入总词数。

2.词数120左右

3.参考词汇：媒介，中间人mediator

Studying Abroad

In recent years,studying abroad has been popular.

Unit 13 Healthy eating

一、单项选择

1.D 修饰可数名词,many无此结构。

2.D 修饰不可数名词。

3.D 有几分根据的猜测，可能性较大。

4.A 这条路作主语，谓语动词用单数；表示“切断”用cut off。

5.C 表示数量。

6.D stomach的复数形式是直接加“s”。

7.B

8.C 指传染的疾病。

9.D

10.D once引导条件从句，表示“一旦……就……”。遵守诺言keep one's promise,可以用not break one's promise。

11.B 指头脑、智力。

12.Ａ 主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。go for适用于……。

13.Ｂ 为……作准备。

14.C put on weight是增加体重，变胖，用现在完成时。

15.A advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事。

16.D had better not是had better not do sth.的省略。

17.B had better do sth.表示“建议，劝告”，意为“最好做某事。”

18.B 表示“本不应该做的事”。

19.D 表示对过去发生的事，进行肯定的推测。

20.B 表示“本应该做某事”。

21.C 同20题。

22.C 同20题。

23.C at any moment 任何时候，目前，现在，对现在的推测。

24.B 应该做某事。

25.D 同18题。

26.A 不应做某事。

27.D 同20题。

28.B

29.C

30.D 表示“过去不可能或用或能提出疑问”。

二、完形填空

1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.D

三、阅读理解

1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.C

四、短文改错

1.bad→badly 2.on→to 3.is→was 4.去掉on 5.then→when 6.√ 7.had→has 8.to后加the 9hanged→hung 10.can't→couldn't

五、书面表达

Studying Abroad

In recent years,studying abroad has been popular.Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study.Many people are trying their best /trying by all means/making great efforts to apply to go abroad.

There are many advantages in attending schools abroad.First,students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures.Second,we can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries.Third,we can learn foreign languages more quickly.

However,there are some disadvantages.Most of the students are too young to live alone/by themselves without any living experience.Besides,being far away from their home country,they may feel lonely and homesick.Also,of course the costs are much higher there than at home/in the

native country.In spite of these,advantages are more than disadvantages.In my opinion,it is advisable to attend schools abroad.

高一英语Healthy eating教案