Unit2 How often do you exercise?知识点归纳与练习

Section A知识讲解

一. help with housework 帮助做家务

1. help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事”

2. help sb. with sth. = help sb. _______ sth. 帮助某人做某事

Eg: I often help him ______ his English. = I often help him __________ English.

【拓展】

1. help oneself to… 请随便吃/喝···Please help yourself to some cakes.

2. can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事

I can’t help falling in love with that girl. 我情不自禁爱上那个女孩。

二．housework 意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。

1. They have housework to do. A. many B. much

三. sometimes 有时

辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time

sometimes 有时候。=at times= from time to time也是“有时”的意思。

some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。

sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。

some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。

口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。

四. hardly ever 几乎不

比较： hard、hardly和hardly ever

①hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。

hard作副词常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”， 位于动词后。

This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地太硬，挖不动。

They tried hard to succeed. 他们努力工作，以求得成功。

②Hardly 副词，意为“几乎不”，表示否定意义，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、或情态动词之后，不表示频率。常用来修饰表示能力的词，如can, could等。

He can hardly play football. 他几乎不会打篮球。There is hardly any coffee left. 几乎没有剩余的咖啡了

③hardly ever是频率副词，“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almost not, seldom。

五. exercise

1. vt. “锻炼、运动”。 — How often do you exercise?

2. U “锻炼、运动”，常与动词take连用。

Exercise ______ me keep healthy. 运动使我保持健康。

John likes taking exercise in the open air. 约翰喜欢在户外锻炼。

3. C “练习；操”。 We do morning_______ every day. 我们每天做早操。

六．use the Internet 用互联网

use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。

短语：on the Internet 在网上 ， surf the Internet 网上冲浪，上网

七．What’s your favorite...? =What... do you like best？你最喜欢的......是什么？

1.What’s your favorite animal？你最喜欢的动物是什么？= ___________

八. free 意为“空闲的，有空的”反义词busy。 be free 意为“闲着，有空”

eg:：He is free now.他现在有空。

拓展：free还可译为“免费的” Eg：The tickets are free. 票是免费的。

九． quite full 很忙，相当忙.

1. adj. full 还可译为“满的，充满的”。 反义词是empty，意为“空的”。

Eg：The bus was full when they got there. 翻译_______________.

拓展：A be full of B. = A be filled with B; A中充满了B。

The room is full of students. The bus is full of people.

The hall is _____ people. A. fill with B. full with C. filled of D. filled with

2.full adj. “饱的”。 其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。

Are you hungry or full？你饿了还是饱了？

Eg：I can’t eat any more，I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。

十． maybe “也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。

Eg：Maybe he knows Tom. 也许他认识Tom。

辨析：maybe 和may be

十一.at least 意为“至少”。其反义词为at most “最多”。

Eg：There are at least 1,500 students in our school. __________________。

十二. how often意为“多久一次”，常用于对时间频率的提问。回答可用once/twice/three times a day(一天一/两/三次)，sometimes(有时)，never(从不)，very often(经常)等。

How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视？

十三. look、see、watch和read辨析：

look为不及物动词，后接宾语时须用介词at，指看的动作。

see着重于看的后果，即“看到，看见”。

read多指“看书、报”，这里的“看”实为“读”。

watch表示“注视，观看，监视”之意。也常用于“看电视，看比赛”等短语中

Section B

一． want sb. to do sth. 的否定形式为want sb. _____to do sth.

Eg：She wants me to bring him some pens. 否定：She wants me___ him some pens.

1.want sth. 想要某物 2.want to do sth. 想要做某事

3. want (sb.)to do sth.=would like/love (sb.)to do sth.

二． be good for 意为“对……有益”。反义词为be bad for “对……有害”。

Eg: Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜对你有好处。

【拓展】1.be good to“对…好”，其反义短语为be bad to“对…不好”。

2. be good at“在…方面擅长”， at后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，同义短语为do well in。

She is good at English and Chinese. = She does well in English and Chinese. 她擅长英语和汉语。I am good at _______（play）basketball.

3. be good with “和…相处得好；擅于和…相处”。

Are you good with children? 你和孩子们相处得好吗？

三．1. health n. 健康，C ，意为“健康(状况)”，常用于“be in good(poor/bad)health”短语中，表示“身体好(不好)”。 My grandparents are both in good health. 我祖父母身体都很好。

2. healthy adj. 健康的 unhealthy adj.不健康的

四． ask sb. about sth. “询问某人关于某事”

Eg:I asked my teacher about today’s homework.

五. Here are the results. 这是（调查）结果。

here 位于句首，句子要倒装。Here is + 单数名词。 Here are + 复数名词.

Eg：Here is your jacket. 这是你的夹克。

六．find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.

find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.

七. 1. 百分数由percent表示，基数词+percent ，常用“数词＋percent of＋名词”

这一结构作主语时，谓语的单复数要看percent of 后跟的名词，如果是可数名词复数，谓语应该用复数，如果是不可数名词，谓语应该用单数

Thirty percent of the students ______ ( like) watching game shows.

70 percent of water _______ ( be ) salty water(盐水)。

八．not... at all “一点儿也不，根本不”, not和be、助动词或情态连用。

Eg：I don’t know about it at all. 对那件事我一点也不知道。

The story isn’t interesting at all. The old man can’t use the computer at all.

拓展：not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢，不客气”。

Eg：--Thank you for your help. --Not at all.

九．surprised 惊奇的，感到意外的

1. be surprised at sb. / sth. / doing sth. 对…感到惊奇We are surprised at the news.

2. be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶I’m very surprised to meet you here.

3. be surprised that + 从句. 因…感到惊讶I’m surprised that he came here on time.

【拓展】 surprising 令人惊讶的 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是

in surprise 惊讶地 ； 吃惊地

十．the answers to questions 问题的答案 the way to sp 去某地的路

十一. most students = most of the students 大多数学生

1. most +复数名词. Most birds can fly.大多数鸟儿会飞. ________ 大部分时间

2. most of + 限定词+复数名词 most of the girls , most of my friends

3. most of + 人称代词宾格 most of them / us

______ the students like reading the story. A. Most B. Most of

4. the +most +多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。

This is the most beautiful flower. 这是最漂亮的花。

如果most前有不定冠词a，则表示“非常；很”，相当于very。

She is a most beautiful girl. 她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。

十二. although “虽然，尽管”。although与but不能同时使用。

My cousin knows a lot about geography， although he is only four years old.

十三. It’s+adj+（for/of sb.）+to do sth. “（对某人来说）做某事是…的”。

Eg：It’s very important to listen carefully in class. 上课认真听讲很重要。

It’s easy for us to swim. 对我们来说游泳很容易。

It’s very nice of you to help me out. _____________

十四 . by+交通工具 乘…. by+时间 到…..时（为止） by+地点 在…..旁边

【拓展】through和by的区别、

through 后常加名词表示手段媒介，through exercise 通过锻炼

by 后常加工具或v-ing, by working hard (by doing sth. 通过做某事)

十五. such as 例如；像…这样。后面跟名称、代词、动词的ing形式

Eg: I have a lot of hobbies, such as ____and _____. 我有许多爱好，如读书和唱歌。

拓展：such adj.& pron.这样的；那样的；类似的；作形容词时，其后修饰名词。

Tom lives in such a large house. 汤姆住在一所这么大的房子里。

such和so

二者都有“如此；这样”的意思，但具体用法相异。such用来修饰名词，so用来修饰形容词或副词。

①such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数) ②such＋adj.＋n.(复数/不可数名词)

③so＋adj./adv. ④so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＝such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)

⑤so＋many/few/much/little＋n.(复数/不可数名词)

He is such a clever boy.＝He is so clever a boy.

It's such fine weather today.

They didn't have so much time to do their homework.他们没有如此多的时间做作业。

十六. spend 意为“度过” 或“花费（时间、金钱）”。

Eg: Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起度过周末吧。

spend time\money on sth.在...上花费时间或金钱.

=spend time\money （in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事

He didn’t spend much time on his homework.= He didn’t spend much time____ his hw.

I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. = I spend 200 yuan ______ a new coat. Don’t spend too much time watching TV. = Don’t spend too much time _____TV.

He always spend his time playing football. = He always spend his time ______ football.

拓展比较：

1. cost的主语是物

sth. costs sb.＋金钱/时间 某物花了某人多少钱/时间。

doing sth. costs sb.＋时间 做某事花了某人多少时间。

2. take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：

It takes sb.＋时间/金钱＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。

例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。

3. pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。

I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每月要付20英磅的房租。

(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。

(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。Don’t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心,我会给你付钱的。

(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。

十七. through prep. 以；凭借；穿过

He became rich through hard work and ability. 他凭借辛苦的工作和能力变得富有。

The sunlight was coming in through the window.

through，across，over

through “穿过”，从物体内穿过。They walked through the park after supper.

across “穿过”，从物体表面通过。I swam across the river and felt very tired.

over “越过；跨过”，越过一个有高度的物体。Can you jump over the table?

十八. however “然而,不过” 可位于句首句中,句末. 但要用逗号隔开。

Eg: She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。

辨析：but和however

but直接连接前后两个句子，转折的意味比however强，表示非常明显的对比。

However “然而，但是”。 不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。

Eg:1.It began to rain, ________ ,we went out to look for the boy.

2. It a sunny morning，______very cold. 这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。

十九. more than 相当于over。意为“超过，多余”。

There are more than 2000 books.

二十. afraid 意为“担心的，害怕的”。

1.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：I am afraid to_______ plane. 我害怕乘飞机。

2.be afraid of sb.\ sth. 害怕某人\某物

be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事

Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。

Don’t be afraid ________ questions. 不要怕问问题。

二十一. less than six. 少于6小时。

less than 意为“不到，少于”。其反义词为 more than/over “多余，超过”

Eg：She sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时。

We know Tom for ________ 20 years. 我们认识Tom超过20年了。

拓展： less 是little的比较级，She has less milk than me.

22. die v. 消失；消灭；死亡

1. “死亡”，不用于被动语态，强调动作，瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。

His grandfather died five years ago. 他祖父五年前去世的。　　

2. die可以用于进行时态，dying , 表示“即将死去，奄奄一息”。　　

He is dying.他快要死了。

拓展：

1. dead 死的，是die的形容词形式。可作表语或定语。作表语时，表示状态。　　

His dog has been dead for two weeks. 他的狗已死了两周了。　　　　

2. death 死亡，是die的名词形式。　　

His mother's death made him very sad. 他母亲的去世使他非常难过。

23. none

none 与no one, nobody 的用法区别

1. no one=nobody，两者均只能指人，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：

No one [Nobody] ______ 谁也不知道。No one [Nobody] _______ it. 没人喜欢它。

注：按传统语法，两者之后均不能接 of 短语。

2. none 既可指人也可指物，其后通常接 of 短语；用作主语若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数，若指可数名词，则谓语可用单数或复数。

None of the food was left. 一点食物都没留下。

None of the books is [are] interesting. 没有一本书有趣。

3. none 暗示一种数量，“一个也没有”，而 no one 或 nobody 指“谁都没有”，回答 how many 或 how much 的提问时，通常用 none，而在回答 who 的提问时，通常用 no one 或 nobody。体会：

A：How many English books have you read? 你读过多少本英文书?

B：None. 一本也没读。

A：How much money did you give her? 你给了她多少钱?

B：None. 一分也没给。

A：Who went to see the film? 谁去看电影了?

B：No one [Nobody]. 谁也没去。

24. mind

1. mind n. “思想”、“想法”、“头脑”、“智力”。

change one’s mind(改变主意)，make up one’s mind(下定决心)，set one’s mind to (do) (专注于……)，keep in mind(记在心里)，come into one’s mind(计上心来)等。

2. mind v. “介意”、“反对”，常用来表示委婉、客气的请求。

“Would/Do you mind doing...意为“……你介意吗？

Would you mind closing the door？关上门好吗？

3. Never mind意为“没关系”、“不要紧”

25. point 1. n. 分数，得分

She always gets good points in any subject.不管哪一学科，她总是得高分。

n. 要点，论点 v. 用手指... point to (指向...强调方向) point at(指着...)

He pointed to the door. She is pointing at the math question on the blackboard.

单元试题

一、选择填空

( )1.—How often do you take exercise? —______.

A. sometimes B. Three hours C. At three o'clock D. In two hours

( )2.They were very tired. _______, they decided to keep going.

A. So B. However C. Because D. Although

( )3、—______ does your mother go for a walk？ —Every afternoon.

A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How many

( )4.—Would you like some bread? —______, I'm full.

A. No, thanks. B. Yes, please. C. No, I don't like it. D. Yes, I would.

( )5.You are not healthy at all. You need to eat______ fast food and exercise______.

A. more, less B. less, less C. more, more D. less, more

( )6.—Good luck with your test. —______.

A. Thank you B.OK C. That's all right D. Yes

( )7.He usually goes to work by bike, but______ walks to the office.

A. often B. never C. always D. sometimes

( )8. I wanted______ basketball but I______ run fast.

A. play, could not B. to play, can't C. play the, can't D. to play, could not

( )9.Here ______ the results _______ the student activity survey(活动调查).

A. Is; with B. Are; of C .is; of D. Are; with

( )10.______ he is very old, he works very hard.

A. Although B. Through C. But D. And

( )11. Do you like Chinese tea with ______ in it.

A. anything B. nothing C. something D. No one

( )12. Larry’s mother wants him _________ at home today .

A. stays B. stayed C. staying D. to stay

( )13.—______ does Kitty dance every day? —Two hours.

A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How many hours

( )14.I don't like eating lemons(柠檬) ______ they are too sour(酸).

A. because B. Because of C. so D. But

( )15. “Are you _____?” “Yes. I’m in good _____.”

A. health; health B. healthy; healthy C. health; healthy D. healthy; health

( )16. _____ it is raining, _____ he is still working outside.

A. Although; but B. Although; / C. But; although D. /; although

( )17.Many animals ______ because the weather was bad.

A. were dead　　B. died　　　C. dying　　　D. death

( )18. I left my keys in the room yesterday. I had to get in the window.

A. by B. through C. over D. across

( )19. Reading aloud is the best way English.

A. to learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns

( )20. It’s bad for you too much junk food A. eating B. to eat C. eat D. ate

( )21.It is really cool to realize your dream ___great effort(努力).

A. through B. of C. till D. about

( )22. It is easy. ____ any man can do it. A. Most B. Almost C. But D. Though

( )23. John turned round and looked at him ________.

A. surprising B. in surprise C. at surprised D. to his surprise

( )24. They are all very tired, but ______ of them took a rest.

A. none B. all C. both D. either

( )25.Can a plane fly _____the Atlantic Ocean? Yes, but it needs to go ______the clouds for hours.

A. across; through B. through; across C. across; across D. through; through

( )26. Jane is_______ high school student in the United States.

A. a 18-year-old B. a 18-years-old C. an 18-years-old D. an 18-year-old

( )27.My parents often ask me ___too much time _____computer games.

A. not to spend, playing B. not to spend, to play C. to not spend, play

( )28.Can you believe that in ____ a rich country there should be _____ many poor people?

A．such；such　　B．so；so C．such；so　D．so；such

二、完形填空

Food is very important. Everyone needs to __1__well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our brains(大脑) also needs a kind of food. This kind of food is __2___. We begin to get knowledge(知识)when we are young. Small children are interested in everything around them. They learn __3__ while(当) they are watching and __4___. When they are getting older, they begin to ___5___storybooks, anything they like. When they find something new, they like to ask questions and __6___to find out the answer. What is the best __7__ to get knowledge? If we__8__ by ourselves, we’ll get the most knowledge. If we __9__ getting answers from others and do not ask why, we will never learn well. When we study in a right way, we will learn __10__and understand better.

(    ) 1. A. read    B. see    C. drink    D. eat 

(    ) 2. A. knowledge   B. sport    C. playing    D. fruit 

(    ) 3. A. everything   B. something   C. nothing    D. anything 

(    ) 4. A. finding    B. listening to   C. listening   D. looking at 

(    ) 5. A. learn    B. buy    C. write    D. read 

(    )6. A. try    B. have    C. like    D. should 

(    ) 7. A place    B. school    C. way    D. road

(    ) 8. A. work    B. learn    C. help    D. do 

(    ) 9. A. often    B. always    C. usually    D. Sometimes

(    )10. A. more    B. much    C. little     D. some 

三、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

1. ______ (Have) breakfast helps you keep healthy. 2. She works very _______ (hard)

3.He brushes his teeth ______ (two) a day. 4. My______（eat）habits are pretty good.

5. You must eat more vegetables and keep ______（health）.

6. There are many ______（different）between the two books.

7. This movie is very ______（interest）

8. My mom wants me______（drink）milk every day.

9. Daniel usually______ (have)meat and vegetables for dinner now.

10.How long______ he ______（read）English every night?

四、按要求改写下列句子。（10分）

1.My uncle exercises every morning.（就划线部分提问）

______ ______ ______ your uncle exercise?

2.We have a Chinese lesson on Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.（同义句）

We have Chinese lessons______ ______ a week.

3.Mary often has a cup of tea after dinner.（否定句）

Mary______ has a cup of tea after dinner.

4.Mr. Zhang taught him English two years ago. ( 改为一般疑问句 )

_____ Mr. Zhang ______him English two years ago

5. She often goes to the movies. (就划线部分提问) _______ ________ she often ______ ?

六、阅读理解

Fish and chips, and Chinese take-away food(熟食) are very popular in England. But they are less popular(不受欢迎) in the USA. In the USA, they eat take-away food, too, like fried(油炸的) chicken. But the most popular kind of take-away food is hamburger. It looks like bread with meat in it. Hamburgers are delicious. They are very popular in the world.

Chinese food has different tastes and is usually very delicious. It's also very popular in the world.

( )1.What's the favorite food in the USA?

A. Hamburger. B. Fish and chips. C. Fried chicken. D. Take-away food.

( )2.What does hamburger look like?

A. It looks like a mooncake. B. It looks like a sausages(香肠).

C. It looks like bread with meat in it. D. It looks like a banana.

( )3.Which food has different tastes and is usually very delicious?

A. English food. B. American food. C. Chinese food. D. French food.

( )4.Are fish and chips and Chinese take-away food very popular in the USA?

A. Yes, they are. B. No, they aren't. C. Yes, they were. D. No, they weren't.

( )5.Who do you think likes hamburgers best?

A. The old people. B. Children. C. Most of the people. D. Nobody

七、作文(10分)

Tom通常6:30在家吃早饭。以前他喜欢吃快餐，现在他改变了他的饮食。早饭他常常吃些牛奶、面包和鸡蛋。中午12:00，他在学校吃午饭。他常常吃一碗饭、一些肉和一些蔬菜。有时，他吃鱼。在晚上，他常常和家人一些吃晚饭。现在他比以前更健康了。

_______________________________________________________________________

Unit2 How often do you exercise知识点归纳与练习