only的用法详解含配套练习

only是一个在英语中出现频率很高的词，它的意思繁多，用法复杂，不少学生常误用。

一、only用作形容词

1. 与the连用，意为“惟一的”，作定语。如：

John is the only boy in his family.约翰是家里惟一的男孩。

John is the only person who can read my mind. 约翰是惟一真正看透我心事的人。

She is the only girl here who knows how to drive a car.她是这儿惟一会开车的姑娘。

Jeremy is the only friend who lives near, all my other friends live far away.

杰里米是我惟一住得近的朋友，其余的朋友都住得很远。

2. only可修饰复数名词，意为“仅有的、惟一的一些”，作定语。如：

They were the only people present.出席的只有他们这些人。

【真题】There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ____ she was an only child. (2005辽宁)
　　A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as
　　【解析】Only child的意思是独生子/女，了解了这一点，可以推断出主从句之间为让步关系，选择C项。全句的意思是：尽管凯特是独生女, 但她在任何时候都从未感到过孤独。

补充：an only child 独生子女

My mother was an only child. 我母亲是独生女。

Only children are sometimes spoilt. 独生子女有时被宠坏了。

one and only (用以加强语气) 意为“惟一的；唯一的；仅有的”

It is my one and only hope.这是我惟一的希望。

You have always been my one and only true love. 你一向是我唯一的真正的爱人。

Here he is---the one and only Frank Sinatra! 这就是他--独一无二的弗兰克.西纳特拉！

3. 与an连用，意为“单独的”，作定语。如：

Jim was an only son of his parents.吉姆是他父母的独子。

4. 与the连用，意为“最好的、最适当的”，作定语。如：

She is the only person for the job.她是做这项工作的最佳人选。

He is the only man for me.对于我来说，他是最合适的人。

The only thing to do on a hot day is to go swimming.在热天最理想的事就是去游泳。

二、only用作副词

1. 常位于所修饰的动词、短语或从句前，意为“只是、仅仅、才”。如：

At present we can only wait and see.目前我们只好等一等看。

I only touched it.我只不过摸了它一下。

I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.

我惟一遗憾的是：我仅有一次生命可以贡献给我的祖国。

He only walks to save money;he doesn’t really like walking.

他只是为了省钱而步行，并不是真正喜欢步行。

Father gave me this computer only for my birthday.只是因为我过生日，父亲才送给我这台电脑。

My sister is in bed only because she is ill.我姐姐在床上躺着，仅仅是因为她病了。

此时，only若放在句首修饰作状语的形容词、副词、介词短语或状语从句等，主句要采用部分倒装，如：
　　【例句】Only when she was at an impasse (n. 绝境) did she feel great pleasure in doing so.
　　只有当她陷入绝境时，她才乐意这么做。
　　Only at home does my uncle say I am able.
　　只有在家，我叔叔说我很能干。
　　需要注意的是，如果置于句首的“only + 状语”结构是强调句——It is (was)...that...中被强调的对象，则主句不倒装。
　　【例题】It was only when he was in trouble _____ the value of our help.
　　A. that did he realize B. did he realize 　　C. did that he realize D. that he realized
　　【解析】此例句是含有“only+状语从句”的强调句型, 强调的正是时间状语从句，句子用正常语序，正确答案是D项。

2. 意为“反而”。如：

Failure only strengthened our determination.失败反而使我们的决心更坚定了。

3. only和不定式连用常构成结果状语，表示与预料相反的结果、出乎意料或令人失望的结果，意思是“竟然……、结果……” “不料；结果却….”。如：

　【例句】He hurried home only to find the guests had left.

他匆匆忙忙赶回家, 结果发现客人们已经走了。
　　【例题】He got to the airport _____ to find that the plane had left two minutes before.
　　A. just B. only C. in order D. almost
　　【解析】Only + 不定式结构表示令人失望的结果。题干句意为：他到达机场，结果发现飞机在两分钟之前飞走了。正确答案为B项。
　　【真题】It took her nearly half a year to find his address, only learning that he had passed away ten years before.(1994上海，改错题)
　　【解析】这里需要注意的是only与-ing形式连用也可用于表示结果，意为“结果只是……”，only起强调作用，如：He died only leaving debts. (他死后只留下一身债。) 但是only与不定式结构连用作结果状语，表示意想不到或令人失望的结果。可以看出，句中的结果是令人失望的。因此，“only learning”应改为“only to learn”。
　　由Only构成的习惯搭配
　　⒈ Not only...but also...作为连词，连接两个并列成分。当连接两个并列句时， not only 所在的句子要采用部分倒装，but also 后面的句子用正常语序，可以巧记为：前倒后不倒。
　　【真题】_____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.(2004上海)
　　A. Not only they bought 　　 B. Not only did they bring 　　

C. Not only brought they 　　 D. Not only they did bring
　　【解析】综上所述， not only后面的分句部分倒装。因此, 正确答案是B项。
　　注意：Not only... but also...与主谓一致关系——Not only...but also...作为连词，还可以连接并列的主语、谓语、宾语等，连接主语部分或者谓语部分时，要注意保持主谓一致。Not only...but also...连接主语时，如同or、either...or...和neither...nor...，谓语动词的数服从就近原则——最靠近谓语动词的主语部分决定谓语动词的单复数。
　　【真题】Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____tired of having one examination after another. (1989全国)
　　A. is B. are C. am D. be
　　【解析】 句中not only...but also...连接并列主语I和Jane and Mary，根据就近原则，因为Jane and Mary为复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。因此，正确答案是B项。
　　【真题】Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (1998全国，改错题)
　　【解析】句中的主语是“playing football”，“make”和“give”是由not only...but also...连接的并列谓语动词，根据主谓一致原则，都用单数形式。因此，“give”应改为“gives”。

not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”。如：

Lu Xun was not only a great writer, but also a great thinker.

鲁迅不但是个伟大的文学家，而且是个伟大的思想家。

注：使用not only…but also的几个要点：

（1）连接主语时，谓语动词要与邻近的主语保持一致。如：

Not only he but also I have been to the Great Wall.不但是他而且我也到过长城。

（2）连接谓语时，not前不可有助动词。如：

I not only heard it, but also saw it.我不但听见，而且亲眼看见了。

He not only said it, but also did it.他不但说了，而且也做了。

（3）连接除主语外的其他成分时，如果位于句首，not only后的主谓需要倒装，但but also后的主谓不能倒装。如：

Not only has he been to Canada, but also he knows some Canadians.

他不但去过加拿大，而且认识一些加拿大人。

补充 ：新概念英语 一课一练 2

P171 Lesson 79 By Air 乘飞机

3、单项选择

10.During the war, ____but also he lost his wife and his child.

A.not was his job in the lab taken away B. not only was his job in the lab taken away

C.not merely his job in the lab was taken away D. not just was taken away his job in the lab

10.B

类似的题型：9. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice_____his head.

A.that he turned B.did he turn C.he didn’t turn D.he had turned

9.B

5.Not until he had been told everything ____how wrong he was.

A.did he realize B.he realized C.he had realized D.had he realized

答案：A

Not until he left his home _____ to know how important the family was for him.

A. did he begin       B. had he began   C. he began    D. he had begun

答案：A

Not until he had left his friend _______ how important friendship was for him.

答案：A

试题分析： 1.当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+...。故排除BD，realize发生在had left 之后，故用一般过去时。2.Not until next week will the sports meet be held.直到下周才开运动会。
点评：当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。
即学即练： It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in common.
A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that
选D 

1.It is not until China makes the transition to a new growth model that re-balancing will begin. 

只有在中国开始朝着新增长模式转变以后，再平衡才会启动。

2.It is not until recently that doctors find out the causes of lung cancer. 

直到最近医生们才弄清楚肺癌的起因。

3.It is not until the 1940s that such machine can be built. 

直到20世纪40年代这种机器才能制造。

4.It is not until then that Mr Li realizes the importance of health.
直到那时，李先生才意识到了健康的重要性。
5.It is not until recently that doctors find out the causes of lung cancer.
直到最近医生们才弄清楚肺癌的起因。
6.It is not until recently that the history is much more detailed as commercial ventures have documented their efforts when they sought patents and trademarks.
直到最近他们获得了专利和商标权，作为一项商业投资项目水翼船的历史和完善过程才得以详述。
7.It is not until 1980s that a great breakthrough was made in the academic field of metaphor.
直到20世纪80年代，学术界在该领域的研究才开始取得重大突破。
8.It is not until recently that adipose tissue engineering has aroused great interest in restoring soft tissue defects.最近，刚刚注意到用组织工程技术来修复软组织缺损。
9.The emergence of modern football played by women first took place in some European and American countries in the 1960s and it is not until 1980s that it began to be a popular sport.
20世纪60年代在欧美国家逐渐兴起的现代女子足球运动，到20世纪80年代初才逐渐形成规模。
10.It is not until he approves that we will start our project.
直到他同意我们，才会开始我们的项目。

考点名称：部分倒装

部分倒装的概念：倒装英语句子的主语通常位于谓语动词之前，这种语序被称为正常语序。但有时出于修辞或某种特殊的语法结构的需要，需要将谓语动词放在主语之前，这种语序则叫倒装语序。主语和助动词倒置叫部分倒装。

部分倒装：
1、含有否定意义的副词位于句首时的倒装：
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装： 
如：I shall never forgive him./ Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 
        He seldom goes out for dinner./Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。 
        She hardly has time to listen to music./Hardly does she have time to listen to music.

他几乎没时间听音乐。 
     He little realize show important this meeting is./Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。    
        We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off./No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。（详见 词类 知识讲解 hardly when 和no sooner than等的用法）
注：(1)对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： 
如：He didn't leave the room until the rain stopped./Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 
        (2)某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装： 
如：On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 
        In[Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him. 无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： 
如：In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 
2、“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装：
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序： 
如：Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。 
        Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。 
        Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened.

当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。
3、“so+形容词或副词”位于句首时的倒装：
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装： 
如：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 
        So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.

光速很快，我们几乎没法像它的速度。 
        So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。 
4、“So+助动词+主语”倒装：
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构： 
如：You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。 
        She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。 
        If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。
注：(1)若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor： 
如：You aren't young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。 
        She hasn't read it and nor have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。 
        (2)注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别： 
如："It was cold yesterday." "So it was."“昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”
        "Father, you promised." "Well, so I did."“爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。” 
5、由not only…but also引出的倒装：
当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only后的句子通常用部分倒装形式： 
如：Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。 
        Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.

不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。 
6、虚拟条件句省略if后构成的倒装：
当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句： 
如：Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him. 若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。 
        Should you require anything give me a ring. 如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。 
        Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless. 要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。
注：省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词： 
如：Had I money, I would buy it. 假若我有钱，我就会买它。

同学们，一定要注意if only与only if的区别，下面2与3详细讲解了二者的用法区别，请查看
　　¢² 从属连词If only表示不能实现或难以实现的意愿或愿望，意思为：要是……该有多好啊！引导的句子相当于感叹句，多用虚拟语气。
　　1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，用一般过去时，如：
　　【例句】If only I were beautiful as you are. 　　我要是和你一样漂亮就好了。

If only I were rich.但愿我很富。

If only I could swim.要是我会游泳该多好。

If only I knew her name. 我要是知道她的名字就好了。

if only意为“但愿、要是……就好了”，常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。如：

If only we had arrived in time, we would not have missed the train.要是我们按时到，就不会误车了。

If only I were younger!要是我年轻些就好了。

If only it would stop raining!但愿雨停下来。

注：if only有时也可以引导陈述语气的真实条件句，意为“只要……”。如：

If only it clears up, we”ll go.只要天一放晴，我们就去。（主将从现）

2）表示与过去事实相反的假设，用过去完成时，如：
　　【真题】Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ____ your advice.(2003上海春)
　　A. followed B. would follow 　　C. had followed D. should follow
　　【解析】If only所在的句子表示与过去事实相反的假设，正确答案为C项。

If only he’d remembered to buy some fruit. 他当时要是记得买些水果来该多好。

If only I had gone by taxi. 假若我是乘计程车去的就好了。

　　3）表示与将来事实相反的假设，用would +动词原型，如：
　　【例句】If only he would reply to my letter. 　　要是他能给我回信就好了！

If only it would stop raining. 真希望雨能停。

If only they would tell me what they’ve decided. 但愿他们能把决定告诉我。

　　4）虽然If only大都用在虚拟条件句中，但是也可用于真实条件句中，如：
　　【例句】 If only he would get the job, it would make a great deal of difference.
　　他要是能得到这个工作，情况就会大不相同。

　　¢³ Only if是由充当前置修饰语的副词only和从属连词if组合而成的，表示惟一条件，意为“只有……才……”，引导让步状语从句，用以表示条件。Only if易与if only混淆，这一点要特别注意。
　　【例句】—Will you come? 你来吗？
　　—Only if you promise not to invite Mary.只要你保证不请玛丽(我就来)。
He studied hard only to fail in the exam.他这么用功，竟然在考场上失利。

He rushed all the way to the station only to miss the train.他一路冲往车站，结果还是错过了火车。

My wife went home in a hurry only to find the door locked.我妻子急忙回到家，结果却发现门锁着。

He tried a second time only to fail again.他再试一次，竟然还是失败了。

only if 用于句首，后接从句主谓倒装 只要，只有

Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room.

只有得到教师的允许，学生才可以进这间屋。

Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees.

只要红灯一亮，就表示有危及职工的险情。

only if引导陈述语气的真实条件句，意为“只要”。如：

Only if you study hard, you will pass the exam.只要你努力学习，就会通过考试。

三、用作并列连词

用作并列连词时，意为“但是、可是、可惜、不过”。如：

This dictionary is just what I want, only it costs too much.这本词典正是我想要的，但是太贵了。

He is always ready to promise help, only he never keeps his promise.

他总是轻易许诺提供帮助，但是他从不遵守诺言。

The flowers are lovely, only they have no scent.这些花朵很好看，可异没有香气。

I would do it with pleasure, only I am too busy.我倒是很高兴去做，可是我太忙了。

You may come at any time, only you had better let me know beforehand.

你什么时候来都行，不过最好先告诉我一声。

四、only在句中的位置

only在句中的位置不同，会使全句的意思或着重点有所不同，一般来讲，only应紧接在它所修饰的词之前。试比较：

Only Tom watches TV at home on Sunday.只有汤姆星期天在家看电视。（修饰主语）

Tom only watches TV at home on Sunday.汤姆星期天在家只是看电视。（修饰谓语）

Tom watches only TV at home on Sunday.汤姆星期天在家看的只是电视。（修饰宾语）

Tom watches TV only at home on Sunday.汤姆星期天只是在家看电视。（修饰地点状语）

Tom watches TV at home only on Sunday.汤姆只是星期天在家看电视。（修饰时间状语）

五、only与倒装语序

only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，要用倒装语序(部分倒装)。如：

Only then did I realize the importance of health.到那时我才认识到健康的重要性。

Only thus can we finish the task ahead of time.只有这样我们才能提前完成任务。

Only gradually was the by product of the institution noted,and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.人们只是逐渐地认识到制度这一副产品,而在运行这种制度的过程中,认识到这种效果具有指导性作用的时间则更加缓慢.

Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.直到最近,语言学家才开始认真研究与他们自己所掌握的完全不同的语言.

Only at home does my uncle say I am able.只有在家，我叔叔说我很能干。

Only in this way can you learn from your mistakes.只有用这种方式你才能从你的错误中吸取教训。

Only when the students study happily will they study efficiently.

Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.

Only when she was at an impasse (n. 绝境) did she feel great pleasure in doing so.
　　只有当她陷入绝境时，她才乐意这么做。
Only when you have been absorbed in the study can you reach an idea whether it is impossible or not to complete it on time.只有当你全身心投入该研究中时,你才能得知能否按时完成。　　

注意：only修饰主语时，句子不需要倒装。

Only he knows the truth.只有他知道真相。

Only socialism can save China.只有社会主义才能救中国。

Only she understood him.只有她才理解他。

Only very careful readers can find this mistake.只有非常细心的读者才会发现这个错误。

六、only的习惯用法

1. only too意为“很、非常、实在”（与形容词或过去分词连用）。如：

The news was only too true.这消息是极其真实的。

That’s only too true,I’m afraid. 我看这是真事（说话者但愿并非真事。）

I am only too glad to help you.我实在很高兴帮助你。

I shall be only too pleased to get home. 我要回到家里就非常高兴。

We are only too pleased to watch this TV play.我们非常喜欢看这部电视剧。

2. only just（加强just的语气）意为“：

（1）好容易、刚才、刚刚”

We’ve only just arrived. 我们刚到。

I’ve only just moved to London. 我刚刚搬到伦敦。

The plane has only just taken off.飞机刚刚才起飞。

（2）差一点没，几乎不

He only just caught the train. 他差点没赶上火车。

I was only just in time for supper.我好容易赶上吃晚饭。

I’ve enough milk for the coffee--but only only just.我的牛奶够喝咖啡用的--刚刚够。

疑难解答提问表

答疑老师填写

请看下面两道高考题：

　　1. Only in this way ___________ progress in your English. (MET84) (B)

　　A. you make 　　B. can you make 　　C. you be able to make 　　D. will you able to make

2. He is the only one of the students who ___________ a winner of scholarship for three years. (上海2002春招) (D)

　　A. is B. are 　　C. have been D. has been

　　再看本单元的一个句子：Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life.只有那样我们才能保证自己对来自生活的挑战和机遇有充分的准备。

　　那么，考题1的答案为什么选B?考题2的答案为什么不选C?课文中的句子"Only in that way will we be ready ..."为什么不说成"Only in that way we will be ready..."?本文就此详细谈谈only的用法。

　　我们知道，only可作副词和形容词，意思是"仅；只"，其主要用法有如下几点：

　　1.在一般情况下，only通常放在它所修饰的成分之前。例如：

　　She saw only seven men.她看到的只有七个人。

　　We learned it only yesterday.我们昨天才知道这件事。

　　2. only修饰谓语时，通常放在动词之前。如果有be动词、助动词或情态动词，则放在这类词之后。例如：

　　He's only a worker.他只是个工人。

　　I've only read the book once.此书我只看过一次。

　　3. only修饰状语时，通常放在句子末尾。但有时为了加强状语的语气，也可将only及其后面的状语提前放在句首。这时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即将be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。例如：

　　译：只是到了那时我们之间才有了更好的了解。

　　误：Only then we got to know each other better.

　　正：Only then did we get to know each other better.

　　正：We got to know each other better only then.

　　如果是复合句，只倒装主句部分，从句部分不倒装。例如：

Only after new China was founded was he able to go to school.

只是在新中国成立后，他才能上学。

　　4. only doing sth.与only to do sth.都可作结果状语，区别是：only to do sth.表示主语难以预想的结果或结果出乎主语的意料之外；only doing sth.表示谓语动词的动作造成的结果。例如：

　　The sap passes right through their bodies, only getting a little thicker and sweeter.液汁径直流过它们的体内,结果变得更浓、更甜。

　　Smith hurried home, only to find the door locked.史密斯急忙赶回家,结果却发现门锁着。

　　I worked hard, only to fail at last.我勤苦工作,结果却是失败。

　　5. only修饰定语从句的先行词时,定语从句的引导词通常用that,而不用which；only修饰"one of／among＋复数名词"这一结构时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。(详见定语从句that与which区别)例如：

　　He is the only one of the students who has read the book.他是那些学生中惟一看过这本书的人。(不用have)

　　Guilin is the only city that he has been to.桂林是他去过的惟一的城市。(不用which)

巩固性练习：

　1. Only when those conditions are right, ___________ a communist society.

　　A. there will really be 　B. we will really have　　C. will there really be 　　D. really we'll have

　2. Only after I read the text over again ___________ its main idea.

　　A. that I knew 　　B. did I know 　　C. I could know 　　D. I did know

　3. That's the only thing ___________ we can do now.

　　A. which B. what 　　C. all D. that

　4. Only ___________ when the train will arrive.

　　A. do the father and the son know 　　B. the father and the son know

　　C. the father and the son knew 　　D. did the father or the son know

　5.The thief stole into the house only ___________ by the people there.

　　A. to be caught B. to catch 　　C. catching D. caught

　6.Tom lifted a rock only ___________ it ___________ his own feet.

　　A. to drop; on B. drop; to 　　C. dropping; down D. dropped; on

　7.Only when ___________ the painting ___________ decide whether the painting is worth buying.

　　A. he sees; he can B. does he see; can he C. he sees; can he 　D. sees he; he can

　8.This is the only one of the books ___________ we need.

　　A. that B. which C. what D. all

　9. Mary is the only one among the ___________ writers who ___________ stories for children.

A. woman; writes B. women; writes C. women; write D. woman; write

参考答案:1-5 CBDBA 6-9 ACAB

??only doing sth ? only to do sth???

??“only+????(??)”?“only+???(??)”:??????????????????????:

only doing??????????????????????,表结果意思是“结果就??”，表示一个意料之中的结果, 表示伴随，作伴随状语。 

He went out of the room with few clothes on, only feeling rather cold.

?????????,??????????

He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了，结果只留下了一身债务。

He dropped the plate, only breaking it into pieces. 盘子从他手中掉下来，结果摔成了碎片。

He aimed,fired, only bringing down a red-necked bird. 他瞄准，射击，结果带下了一只红颈鸟。

 only to do= just to do?????????????????????????，表结果意思是“不料(却)??，结果(却)??”。表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果，不定式要放在句子后面。 表目的“仅仅为了” ，?:

I arrived at the shop only to find I'd left all my money at home. ??????????????

He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. ????????????

I arrived at the shop only to find I'd left all my money at home. ??????????????

His opposition served only to strengthen our resolve. ???????????????

She ran to the station only to find that the train had left. ??????,????????

a. I come here only to say good-bye to you. 

b. He was busy writing a story, only _________ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.

   A. to stop         B. stopping       C. to have stopped       D. having stopped 

C.  She hurried home just to take care of the sick child. 她匆匆回家就是为了照顾生病的孩子。

单词only 的用法拓展 详解（含词汇搭配用法 虚拟语气等）