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素能提升演练（十二）

必修4 Unit 12

Ⅰ. 单词拼写

1. The student was so ________(吸引)in the book that he didn’t hear the bell.

2. What happened in the factory is being_______(私下说) about in the neighborhood.

3. She likes __________(指示) the direction by pointing with her finger.

4. They ___________(交换) things according to the cost of production.

5. A gentleman with good _________(礼貌) will be respected by others.

6. Last year he visited the high school ________(附属的) to Anhui Normal University.

7. He writes articles for newspapers in _________(此外)to selling books for a living.

8. He passed all the examinations and was to be one of its members _______(正式地).

9. The lady went into the house ________(好奇地) to find out what was happening there.

10. It is very important for modern children to accept normal _________(教育).

Ⅱ. 单项填空

1. ［2012嘉峪关模拟］The girl felt nervous at the stage with a lot of audience ______her.

A. to stare at B. staring at

C. stare at D. stared at

2. The camera was _______ by his son and he had to have it repaired.

A. ruined B. destroyed

C. injured D. damaged

3. You’ll _____ the department until the end of the year. Next year you will be rearranged.

A. be attached to B. be belonged to

C. owe to D. be addicted to

4. There is a request that the room _____ after being used.

A. be cleaned B. would be cleaned

C. is cleaned D. will be cleaned

5. —Did you remember to give Jenny the money?

—Yes. _____ I saw her, I’m sure.

A. So long as B. So far as

C. The moment D. Any time

6. If you want to ______ your goal, you can do nothing but work hard.

A. undertake B. conduct

C. perform D. accomplish

7. Most people on this island are recreational fishers, and _____, fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time.

A. accidentally B. purposefully

C. obviously D. formally

8. ［2012唐山模拟］ _____winning Video of the Year, Lady Gaga also took home another seven prizes.

A. Owing to B. In addition to

C. Instead of D. According to

9. Do you think the reason _____ he gave is believable?

A. for which B. which

C. why D. what

10. When I entered, I found my father _____ on the sofa and _____ in a magazine.

A. sitting; absorbed B. sit; absorb

C. sitting; absorbing D. sat; absorbed

11. —He didn’t feel a bit nervous when______ .

—No. He’d had a lot of time _____ for it after all.

A. interviewing ; to prepare

B. interviewed ; to prepare

C. interviewing ; preparing

D. being interviewed ; preparing

12. I bought a sweater for only 50 yuan yesterday ; it was a real _____.

A. trade B. exchange

C. bargain D. business

13. They have _____ most carefully the time and money needed to complete the project.

A. picked out B. left out

C. figured out D. helped out

14. ［2012昆明模拟］— I don’t mind how you do it _____ you finish the painting on time.

— No problem.

A. as well as B. as far as

C. as long as D. as fast as

15. —Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking?

— No, thanks. _____.

A. I’m used to B. I’m able to

C. I’m about to D. I’ve got to

Ⅲ. 完形填空

I believe honesty is one of the greatest gifts. I know they call it a lot of fancy names these days, like 1 and straightforward. And it’s still what 2 a man a good citizen. This is my secret, and I try to live by it.

I’ve been in the taxi business for thirty-five years, 3 there is a lot about it that is not so good. Taxi drivers have to be rough and tumble(乱作一团) fellows to be able to take it in New York. You’ve got to be 4 to fight the New York traffic eight hours a day.

Because taxi drivers are tough, people get the 5 impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will act as 6 fellows. You read in the papers almost every week 7 a taxi driver turns in money or jewels or like that people leave in their 8 . If they weren’t honest, you wouldn’t be reading those stories in the papers. One time, I found an emerald(翡翠的)ring in my car. I remembered helping a lady with a lot of suitcases that day, so I went back to where I had 9 . It took me almost two days to wait for her in order to return her 10 to her. I didn’t get as much as “thank you. ” 11 , I felt good because I had done what was right. I think I felt better than she 12 .

I was born and raised in Ireland until I was nineteen years old. I came to this country in 1913 where I 13 several jobs to earn a few dollars before joining the army in World War Ⅰ. After being discharged(退伍), I bought my own car and have owned one ever since. It hasn’t been too easy 14 , but my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit 15 for a rainy day(一时之需). In all my years of driving a taxi, I have never had 16 with the public, not even with drunks. Even if they get a little headstrong(顽固的) once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave themselves.

People ask me about tips. As far as I know, 17 everyone will give you something, because most Americans are 18 generous. I always try to be nice to everyone, whether they 19 or not. I believe in God and try to be a good member of my parish(教区). I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the 20 I try, the easier it gets.

1. A. dishonor B. dishonesty C. upright D. faithful

2. A. takes B. becomes C. makes D. has

3. A. knowing B. listening C. seeing D. thinking

4. A. generous B. tough

C. mild D. warm-hearted

5. A. right B. proper C. bad D. wrong

6. A. rude B. honest C. good D. tough

7. A. when B. what C. which D. where

8. A. houses B. cars C. pockets D. rooms

9. A. picked her up B. dropped her off

C. dropped her down D. pulled her down

10. A. ring B. suitcase C. car D. emerald

11. A. So B. Still C. But D. Though

12. A. was B. did C. has D. is

13. A. made B. put C. keep D. took

14. A. at one time B. some time

C. in no time D. at times

15. A. put off B. put up

C. put on D. put away

16. A. trouble B. difficult C. word D. anything

17. A. especially B. specially

C. particularly D. practically

18. A. never B. seldom C. rather D. fairly

19. A. tip B. advised

C. suggested D. ask

20. A. longer B. harder C. better D. shorter

Ⅳ. 阅读理解

A 17-year-old boy, caught sending text messages in class, was recently sent to the vice principal’s office. The vice principal, Steve Gallagher, told the boy he needed to focus on the teacher, not his cellphone. The boy listened politely and nodded, and that’s when Mr. Gallagher noticed the student’s fingers moving on his lap. He was texting while being scolded for texting. “ It was a subconscious act, ” says Mr. Gallagher, who took the phone away. “Young people today are connected socially from the moment they open their eyes in the morning until they close their eyes at night. It’s compulsive. ”

A study this year by psychology students at Covenant College in Lookout Mountain, Ga. , found that the more time young people spend on Facebook, the more likely they are to have lower grades and weaker study habits. Heavy Facebook users show signs of being more sociable, but they are also more likely to be anxious, hostile or depressed. (Doctors, meanwhile, are now laming addictions to ‘night texting’ for disturbing the sleep patterns of teens. )

Almost a quarter of today’s teens check Facebook more than 10 times a day, according to a 2009 survey by Common Sense Media, a nonprofit group that monitors media’s impact on families. Will these young people get rid of this habit once they enter the workforce, or will employers come to see texting and ‘ social—network checking’ as accepted parts of the workday?

Think back. When today’s older workers were in their 20s, they might have taken a break on the job to call friends and make after-work plans. In those earlier eras, companies discouraged non-business-related calls, and someone who made personal calls all day risked being fired. It was impossible to imagine the constant back-and-forth texting that defines interactions among young people today.

Educators are also being asked by parents, students and educational strategists to reconsider their rules. “In past generations, students got in trouble for passing notes in class. Now students are good at texting with their phones still in their pockets, ” says 40-year-old Mr. Gallagher, the vice principal, ” and they’re able to communicate with someone one floor down and three rows over. Students are just fundamentally different today. They will take suspensions rather than give up their phones. ”

1．The underlined words “a subconscious act” in the first paragraph refer to an act ______.

A. on purpose B. without realization

C. in secret D. with care

2．Young people addicted to the use of Facebook _______.

A. are good at dealing with the social relationships and concentrate on their study

B. have high spirits and positive attitudes towards their life and work

C. have been influenced mentally in the aspects of behaviors and habits

D. are always in a bad mood and have poor performance in every respect

3．Through the situation of today’s older workers in their 20s, it can be inferred that ________ .

A. the employers will not accept young people’s sending text messages

B. a cellphone is a must for today’s older workers instead of young people

C. the employers prefer older workers to young people

D. the employers will find it hard to control the interaction among young people

4．Mr. Gallagher reminds us that the students in the past and those today______ .

A. like to break rules and have the same means of sending messages

B. are always the big problem for the education and their parents

C. like sending text messages but those today do it in a more secret and skillful way

D. cannot live without a cellphone

5. What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Teenagers and Cellphones

B. Teenagers’ Texting Addiction

C. Employers and Teenagers

D. Teenagers’ Education

答案解析

Ⅰ. 1. absorbed 2. whispered 3. indicating 4. exchanged 5. manners

6. attached 7. addition 8. formally 9. curiously 10. education

Ⅱ. 1.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：有许多观众盯着看，这女孩在舞台上感到紧张。with a lot of audience_______ her作伴随状语。

2.【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：照相机被他儿子弄坏了，他不得不让人修理。ruin和destroy表示不可修复性的毁坏。 injure表示对健康、容貌和功能的伤害，尤指事故伤害。damage 多指可修复性的损坏。

3.【解析】选A。考查词汇搭配。句意：到年底你将隶属于这个部门，明年你才会被重新安排。be attached to隶属于；附属于；喜爱；依恋。belong to属于，无被动语态和进行时。owe to欠；感激；归功于。be addicted to沉溺于。

【变式备选】

I am thankful to him for that advice, ______I owe all my success.

A. to what B. of which

C. at which D. to which

【解析】选D。句意：我很感谢他的建议，我的成功多亏了它。owe. . . to. . . 表示把……归功于……，此处to which引导定语从句，修饰先行词that advice。

4.【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气。句意：有个要求是房间在使用后应该打扫。request意为“要求”，与之相关的名词性从句都使用(should)+动词原形。

【知识拓展】

与request 相关的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气，其从句结构应用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。现将能这样用的词汇归纳如下：

“坚持”类：insist

“命令”类：order, command

“要求”类: demand, request, require, desire

“建议”类：suggest, advise, propose, advocate, recommend

It is requested that he (should) leave before seven o’clock. 要求他七点之前离开。

They refused my request that they (should) offer me a sum of money. 他们拒绝了给我提供一笔钱的要求。

She advocates that teachers (should) get higher salaries.

她主张教师应该拿更高的薪水。

5.【解析】选C。句意：——你记得给Jenny钱了吗？——是的，我确定一看见她就给她了。上下文描述的是过去的动作，因此选C。

【变式备选】

—May I go and play with my friend this afternoon, Dad?

—No, you can’t go out _____your homework is being done.

A. the moment B. until

C. as D. before

【解析】选C。 考查状语从句的引导词。句意：——我今天下午可以和朋友一起出去玩吗，爸爸？——不，你不可以, 因为你正在做作业。

6.【解析】选D。 考查动词辨析。句意：如果你想要达到目标，你只有努力工作。undertake 从事，承担； conduct管理，带领，指挥，传导，实施；perform表演，表现，执行，完成；accomplish 达到，完成。

7.【解析】选C。考查副词辨析。句意：这个岛上的大多数人都是快乐的捕鱼者，显而易见，捕鱼成了他们休闲生活的一部分。accidentally偶然地； purposefully故意地；obviously 显而易见地；formally正式地。

8.【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了获得年度影像奖外，Lady Gaga还捧回了另外七个奖项。owing to由于；in addition to除了……之外；instead of替代；according to 根据。

9.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意：你认为他的理由可信吗？先行词the reason在定语从句he gave. . . 中用作宾语，故排除A、C、D三项。

10.【解析】选A。句意：当我进去时，我发现父亲正坐在沙发上专心看杂志。find sb. doing发现某人正在干某事；(be)absorbed in 表示专心致志做某事。

11.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：——他接受面试/采访时没有感觉到一点紧张。——是的，毕竟他准备了很长时间。第一空为when (he was) interviewed的省略形式，表被动；第二空为不定式作定语修饰time，所以选B项。

12.【解析】选C。 考查名词辨析。句意：我五十元买到一件毛衫；它真是一个便宜货。bargain意思是“便宜货”。

13.【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们已经认真地算出需要用在完成工程上的时间和金钱。pick out 挑选出，弄明白；leave out省去，忽略；figure out 计算出，弄懂；help out 帮助摆脱困境。

14.【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意：——我不在乎你怎么做, 只要你准时完成这幅画就行。——没问题。as well as 也；as far as就……而言；as long as只要；as fast as和……一样快，迅速，立即。

15.【解析】选A。考查省略句的用法。句意：——干嘛不搭我的车而要走去博物馆呢？——不，谢谢，我习惯了。本句中的be used to为“习惯了某事”后面省略了walking。

Ⅲ.

诚实是一件最棒的礼物，怎么称呼诚实并不重要，关键还在于怎样才算一个好公民。这就是作者的准则，而且作者努力按这一准则生活。

1.【解析】选C。upright与straightforward 词义并列，故选C。

2.【解析】选C。考查动词make的用法，“使……有条件成为”。

3.【解析】选A。我入出租车这一行已经三十五个年头，“知道”(knowing)这一行有很多不好的地方。

4.【解析】选B。根据上下文提示，的士司机得凶狠粗暴才能在纽约干这一行。这年头你得有副好身板儿才顶得住纽约一天八小时的交通战。故选B项tough(强壮的，结实的)。

5.【解析】选D。根据下文Taxi drivers are just like other people. 可知作者认为出租车司机其实不是人们想像的那样，所以人们对他们的印象是“错误的”。

6.【解析】选B。根据下文出租车司机上交人们遗落在他们车上的物品，可得出应选B。

7.【解析】选D。在报纸上读到他们的事迹，所以应选where。

8.【解析】选B。因为是出租车，所以应该是在车里。

9.【解析】选B。根据上下文，应该是在她下车的地方等她。drop off意为“让某人下车”。

10.【解析】选A。根据上文One time, I found an emerald ring in my car. 可知答案选ring。

11.【解析】选B。still在此表转折，though不可以用逗号隔开。

12.【解析】选B。句意：我想我比她更高兴。

13.【解析】选D。结合语境，“为了挣钱，我从事了好几份工作”。take jobs从事工作，找到工作。

14.【解析】选D。at times 有时，指我有时日子不太容易。

15.【解析】选D。句意：我们还存了些钱，以防有个什么难处。put off 推迟；put up 提供，举起；put on穿上，上演；put away放好，储存。

16.【解析】选A。have trouble with与……有纠纷，这里指我从没和乘客有过纠纷，连给醉鬼开车也没出过麻烦。

17.【解析】选D。practically 实际上，事实上。

18.【解析】选D。generous是褒义词，故用fairly修饰。

19.【解析】选A。根据上文People ask me about tips. 此处指“不管他们是否付小费”。

20.【解析】选A。这句话的意思是：我坚持这样做很长时间了，时间越久，这样做就越容易。The+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……越……”。

Ⅳ. 1．【解析】选B。词义猜测题。上文提到该学生在接受副校长训话的时候, 礼貌地听着, 频频点头, 而就在这个时候, 副校长发现他放在腿上的手指还在动个不停。他在因为发短信而被批评的时候仍然想着发短信。其实他并没意识到自己在那么做。故此题答案为B项。

2．【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Heavy Facebook users show signs of being more sociable, but they are also more likely to be anxious, hostile or depressed．”可以确定C项正确, 青少年沉迷于Facebook的话，他们会变得“anxious, hostile or depressed”。

3．【解析】选D。推理判断题。倒数第二段的第二、三两句说明today’s older workers in their 20s比较容易管理, 再结合该段最后一句话可推知, 雇主难以控制现在年轻人的互动行为。

4．【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In past generations, students got in trouble for passing notes in class. Now students are good at texting with their phones still in their pockets”可以看出, 过去的学生和现在的学生都喜欢传递信息, 所不同的是, 现在的学生传递信息的方法更隐蔽、更高明。

5.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要探讨很多学生沉迷于发短信, 所以B项作为标题最佳。

英语复习方略 素能提升演练（十二）必修4 Unit 12（北师大版）