史上最全哈尔滨概况 中英双语 英文介绍
发布时间:2019-08-11 11:11:13
发布时间:2019-08-11 11:11:13
史上最全哈尔滨概况 中英双语
Located in the Northeast of China,Harbin is thecapital of Heilongjiang Province. With the beautifulSong Hua River running through the city from westto east,it is made fertile and prosperousinexhaustibly and provided an ideal place forsummer swimming. Harbin is located in the positionof the Northeast Asian centre,praised as the pearlin Asia-Europe Transcontinental Bridge,it is the firstAsia-Europe Transcontinental Bridge and importantpivot of air corridor. There are five railwaysconnecting home and abroad and the Song Hua Riverwaterways can go to Russia directly. Taiping International Airport will transport more than 2 million people annually as well as handle the passenger-cargo business of 110 countries ormore.
哈尔滨坐落在中国东北部,是黑龙江省的省会。美丽的松花江穿城而过,给城市带来了无尽的秀美和丰饶,也给人们提供了一个夏日旅游的理想去处。哈尔滨地处东北亚中心位置,被誉为欧亚大陆桥的明珠,是第一条欧亚大陆桥和空中走廊的重要枢纽。这里有五条铁路连通国内外,松花江黄金水道可直达俄罗斯太平国际机场年旅客输送量超过200万人次,可以办理110多个国家的客货联运业务。
Harbin has a temperate continental monsoon climate,with winter being cold and longthere,usually lasting for 7 months from October to April. The long winter gives birth to thefamous art of ice sculpture.
哈尔滨的气候属中温带大陆性季风气候,冬天既冷又长,通常持续7个月,从每年的10月一直到次年的4月。正是其漫长的冬季才诞生了举世闻名的冰雕艺术。
As an area that a number of multi-nationalities gather,Harbin is in habited by Manchus,Hui,Mongolia,Korea and other 40 or so ethnic minorities with the Han nationality as the core ofcourse. Today,Harbin has jurisdiction over 8 districts and 11 counties(cities).The whole area is53 068 sq. km.,among which the urban area is 4 272 sq. km. The total population is 9 748 400 with 3 989 600 urban ones among them. It is the largest provincial city in China,and isalso the center of Heilongjiang's politics,economy,culture,science and technology as well astraffic and communication.
哈尔滨是一个多民族聚集的地区,居民以汉族为主,此外,还居住着满、回、蒙古、朝鲜等40多个少数民族。哈尔滨市现辖8个区、11个县(市),总面积53 068平方公里,其中市区面积4 272平方公里;人口974. 84万人,其中市区人口398. 96万人。哈尔滨是全国省辖市中面积最大的城市,是黑龙江省政治、经济、文化、科技和交通中心。
Harbin has a long history. It is the original sites ofJin and Qing Dynasties. In 1115 AD.,Niizhen peoplein Wanyanaguda set up a regional regime-JinDynasty named Darjin with its capital in Ruining. Inthe year of 1616,Nu Er Ha Chi,the Niizhen leaderfrom Jianzhou,became the Khan and set up LateJin. In 1636,Late Jin was renamed Qing,the clan ofwhich was called Manchu. In 164,it entered thePass. Hereafter, Harbin area was under rule of theQing Dynasty. At the end of the 19th century,withthe building of Dongqing Railway,Harbin developedinto a modern city rapidly.
哈尔滨历史悠久,是中国金、清两代王朝的发祥地。公元1115年,完颜部女真人完颜阿骨打建立了区域性政权—金朝,国号大金,定都会宁。1616年,建州女真领袖努尔哈赤称汗,建立“后金”政权。1636年改国号为清,族名为满族,1644年入关,此后,哈尔滨地区属清王朝管辖。19世纪末,随着东清铁路的修筑,迅速发展为近代城市。
Since reform and opening-up,Harbin has changed greatly. Both the national economy andsocial affairs have made remarkable achievements. It has also over-fulfilled“the Sixth Five-Year Plan Period”,“the Seventh Five-Year Plan Period”,“the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period","theNinth Five-Year Plan" and "the Tenth Five-Year Plan". Therefore,it has settled a solidfoundation for socio-economic development of“the Eleventh Five-Year Plan". Among the 40 national major trades,there are 38 in Harbin. More than 4 000 products have been on themarkets all over the country,and have found a good sale in more than 100 foreign countriesand regions. After decades of construction,Harbin has already developed into a bigmodernized city with comprehensive industries and vast countryside area as well.
改革开放以来,哈尔滨发生了翻天梭地的变化,国民经济和社会事业取得举世瞩目的成就,超额完成了“六五”、“七五”、“八五”、“九五”和“十五”计划,为“十一五”经济社会发展奠定了坚实的基础。在全国40个大类行业中,哈尔滨有38个,主要产品已达4 000多个,覆盖全国各地,远销100多个国家和地区。经过几十年的建设,哈尔滨已经发展成为一个工业门类齐全,同时又拥有广大农村的现代化城市。
In 2005,the municipal Party Committee andGovernment of Harbin directed its overalldevelopment of social economy with the scientificconcept of development,further promoted theadjustment and transformation of the oldindustrial bases in the light of the generalrequirement of “make great efforts to develop,buildwell-to-do life and revitalize Harbin in an all-roundway". As a matter of fact,the city's economicrestructure has made positive progress; economicvigor is obviously strengthened; every socialbusiness has gained achievement; the life quality of both urban and rural residents isimproved steadily and all the tasks of national economy and social development have beenfully accomplished. The city has made altogether 183 040 million total output value,increasing 14. 1%compared with that of the previous year.
2005年,哈尔滨市委、市政府以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局,按照“努力快发展,全面建小康,振兴哈尔滨”的总体要求,进一步推进老工业基地调整改造,经济结构调整取得积极进展,经济活力明显增强,各项社会事业全面进步,城乡居民生活质量稳步提高,全面完成国民经济和社会发展各项任务。全市完成生产总值1 830. 4亿元,按可比价比上年增长14.1%。
The municipal's public-owned economy has realized 116 140 million yuan of the value-added,increased by 15.4 compared with that of the previous year. Nonpublic economy has realized66 900 million yuan of the value-added which has been increased by 12. 0 compared with thatof the previous year. The three-industry structure changed from 19. 3:31.2:49. 5 in 2000 to16. 4:38. 3:45.3 in 2005. The urban comprehensive strength is further strengthened. Harbin has ranked the 10th place for two years in succession among the national top 100 citiesaccording to the examinations and evaluations released by the State Statistics Bureau in both2004 and 2005 .The examinations and evaluations were based on population,economy,society,infrastructure etc..6 categories cover 50 or so overall targets were included. In2005,Harbin ranked the 9th place in“competitiveness of comprehensive position" and the6th place in the quality of scientific and technical results in China's urban competitivenessindex ranks.
全市公有制经济实现增加值1 161.4亿元,比上年增长15.4%;非公有制经济实现增加值669. 0亿元,比上年增长12. 0%。三次产业结构由2000年的19.3:31.2:49.5调整为2005年的16. 4 : 38. 3 : 45.3。城市综合实力进一步增强。在国家统计局2004年和2005年发布的按照人口、经济、社会、基础设施等6大类50多项综合指标测评出的全国百强城市中,哈尔滨市连续两年名列第10名。在2005年中国城市竞争力指标排名中,“综合区位竞争力”列第9位,科技成果数量居第6位。
The rivers in Harbin area belong to Song Hua Riverand Mudan River systerns. Rainfall concentrates onJune-September mainly,and the per capitaoccupancy volume of water resource of the city is 1 363 cubic meters. The climate of Harbin belongs tothe cold temperate continental monsoon climate,with summer long and winter short,known as “lceCity".
哈尔滨境内的大小河流均属于松花江水系和牡丹江水系,降水主要集中在6 ~9月,全市水资源人均占有量为1 363立方米。气候属寒温带大陆性季风气候,冬长夏短,有“冰城”之称。
The mineral resources in Harbin are abundant. 83 kinds of various kinds have been found inthe area and 25 kinds have been verified for industrial utilization,among which 20 kinds ofmineral products such as coal,and natural gas,etc. occupy an important position inHeilongjiang Province.
哈尔滨矿产资源丰富,已发现各类矿产83种,探明可供工业利用的25种,其中煤炭、天然气等20种矿产在黑龙江占有重要地位。
The plant resources in Harbin are abundant too,and the kinds are various,among whichmedical plants such as mountain ginseng,yellow-corktree bark,etc.,edible plants such asbrakes and bush vetches,edible funguses such as hedgehog hydnum mushrooms,agaric,etc.,wild oil raw materials such as pine nuts,fiberts,etc.,have very high economic valueand are important resources for export.
哈尔滨植物资源丰富,种类繁多。其中山参、黄柏等药用植物,威莱、薇菜等食用植物,猴头蘑、木耳等食用菌,松子、棒子等野生油料都具有很高的经济价值,是重要的出口资源。
There are many kinds and numbers of wild animals in Harbin,such as manchurian tigers,white storks,etc.,which are either the first or the second class animals to be protected.
哈尔滨野生动物的种类与数量较多,有东北虎、白鹳等多种国家一类和二类保护动物。