2019版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材复习 题组提分练9 Unit 4 Wildlife protection2

发布时间:2019-04-18 17:43:14

题组提分练9 Unit 4 Wildlife protection

限时70分钟 

完形填空 (2018·衡水调研) 体裁:记叙文 话题:个人情况 难度:★★☆☆☆  

1A. letters B. poems

C. books D. stories

2A. party B. meal

C. programme D. feeling

3A. for instance B. on purpose

C. at most D. in advance

4A. arguing B. fighting

C. dealing D. consulting

5A. special B. valuable

C. difficult D. enjoyable

6A. paid attention to B. looked forward to

C. come up with D. made up with

7A. However B. Therefore

C. Otherwise D. Moreover

8A. go on B. give up

C. come out D. show up

9A. life B. pride

C. love D. honesty

10A. refused B. hesitated

C. pretended D. volunteered

11A. wishes B. worries

C. doubts D. enthusiasm

12A. effort B. reservation

C. decision D. call

13A. plan B. share

C. miss D. explain

14A. book B. card

C. bike D. flower

15A. performance B. influence

C. presence D. absence (干扰选项)

16A. dinner B. house

C. meeting D. competition

17A. goodbye B. pity

C. yes D. hello

18A. accident B. surprise

C. quarrel D. trouble

19A. recited B. read

C. wrote D. sang

20A. responsibly B. thankfully

C. sensitively D. desperately

答案与解析 

【语篇解读】 作者策划了一个特别的22周年结婚纪念派对,给了妻子一个大大的惊喜。

方法微存 词语复现是高考完形命题的一大特点,有一些关键词会在文中反复出现,应善于抓住这类重复出现的词语。

1B 根据下文第3空后的poems可知作者想给妻子写22首诗,故选项B正确。poem“诗

2A 根据下文第四段中反复提到的the party可知作者想举行一个独特的派对,给妻子一个惊喜。party“派对,符合语境。 meal“饭programme“项目;节目feeling“情感;心情

3D 作者提前数月开始准备。 in advance“提前,符合语境。 for instance “例如on purpose“故意地at most “最多

4D 作者和妻子的朋友们商量让他们帮助为每首诗配图。consult with sb.“和某人商量,符合语境。argue with sb.“和某人争论fight with sb.“和某人搏斗deal with sb.“对付某人;和某人打交道

5C 要是早知道给每首诗配图是这么难,作者就会想出不同的办法了。 difficult“困难的,符合语境。special“独特的valuable“珍贵的enjoyable“令人愉快的

6C 解析见上一题。 come up with “想出,符合语境。 pay attention to“注意look forward to“盼望make up with ...“与……和解

7A 前后语境是转折关系,故however“然而,符合语境。therefore“因此otherwise“否则moreover“而且;另外

8B 当作者要放弃时,总会被作者和妻子之间的爱所鼓舞,并且继续下去。give up“放弃,符合语境。go on“继续come out “出来;出版show up“出现;露面

9C 解析见上一题。love“爱 符合语境。life“生活pride“自豪;骄傲honesty“诚实

10D 作者的好友们自愿在他们家中举办这次派对。 volunteer“志愿;自愿,符合语境。 refuse“拒绝hesitate “犹豫;迟疑pretend“假装

11C 根据上文作者提到举办一个独特的派对给妻子一个惊喜,故该处表示如何让妻子毫不疑心地去参加派对是个难题。 doubt“怀疑;疑虑,符合语境。wish“祝愿worry“担忧enthusiasm“热情

12B 作者告诉妻子在一家很好的参观预订了桌位,因此妻子不需做任何安排。reservation“预订,符合语境。effort “努力decision“决定 make a call“打电话

13A 解析见上一题。plan“计划,符合语境。share“分享miss “错过explain“解释

14A 根据第15空后的a book可知该处A book,符合语境。

15C 作者在妻子在场的时候告诉对方去餐馆的路上顺便把书带给他。presence“在场,符合语境。performance“表演influence“影响absence“缺席;不在

16B 根据第17空后的the house可知该处应用Bhousedinner“晚餐meeting “会议competition“竞争;比赛

17D 作者建议妻子陪自己到门口和朋友打声招呼。say hello to sb.“和某人打招,符合语境。say goodbye/pity/yes to sb.“和某人道别/向某人表示惋惜/答应某人

18B 根据第2空后提到的惊喜派队,可知此处表达这就是惊喜开始的地方。 surprise“惊喜,符合语境。accident “意外quarrel “争吵trouble“麻烦

19A 作者背诵一首《纯属运气》的诗。 根据最后一段中的recited可知该处recite“背诵,符合语境。read“朗读write“写sing“唱歌

20D 作者迫切地渴望一切顺利。desperately“热切地,符合语境。responsibly“负责地thankfully“感激地sensitively“敏感地

词汇微存 at a time一次; by heart用心地

完形技巧2 寻复现——定答案

在完形填空选项的设置上,命题人往往会通过原词复现、词形变化复现、同义词/近义词复现、反义词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时,在把握语境的基础上应注意查找选项中是否有与上下文中相照应的词汇,运用词汇复现技巧快速找出正确答案。

 小题补练 

1.原词复现

【考例】 (2017·天津卷)As began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would run into the same difficulties that beat me before. While the ________ hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right path.

A. excitement      B. joy

C. anger D. fear

答案与解析 D 由前文可知,这种担心一直悬在心上。本题与前面的fear构成原词复现。

2.同义复现

【考例】 (2017·全国卷)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this ________ process and found somethingthat has changed my experien at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language (美式手语)

A. searching B. planning

C. natural D. formal

答案与解析 A search与上一句中的exploreexploration是同义词复现。

3.反义复现

【考例】 (2017·全国卷)I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词) may seem dull, most of the ________ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.

A. simple B. unique

C. fun D. clever

答案与解析 C 此处可以根据反义复现解题,fun与前面的dull构成反义复现。

4.代词复现

【考例】 (2016·全国卷)Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man backed off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the ________ if he was needed or free to go. They let him and the other man go.

A. woman B. police

C. man D. driver

答案与解析 B 下文中的代词They是复数,四个选项中只有police是集合名词,表示复数,也符合常识,故选B项。

语法填空 (2018·广东五校联考) 体裁:记叙文 话题:人际关系 难度:★★★☆☆

As I share the experience of this kindness, I'm wearing my widest smile. I usually go to my workplace coffee shop to place 1.____________ order, but this Wednesday it was 2.____________ (slight) different. I called the four waiters, 3.____________ (ask) them to make a choice

          

of a drink and dessert and bought it for them instead. At first, they didn't sense 4.____________ was happening but when truth dawned, they were 5.____________ (surprise) and a bit embarrassed. However, I explained that it was an act of 6.____________ (appreciate) and they truly deserved. This brought a big smile and a loud thank you”.

I had for a long time had a desire 7.____________(reach) out to them but my doubting mind had always had an upper hand. On this day too, I had 8.____________ (thought) like, What if they refuseWhat if they say, they don't like any of the food or drinks”“What if this and“What if that”, but I decided to let go of the worries and listen 9.____________ my heart.

Now, it was 10.____________ (they) smiles that drew me to the coffee shop.

答案与解析 

【语篇解读】 作者在咖啡店里给四个服务员点单,以此感激他们所做的一切。

1an 考查冠词。此处是固定短语place an order “点菜;订购

2slightly 考查词性转换。设空后是形容词different, 故该空应填副词作状语修饰形容词different

3asked 考查动词时态。设空所填谓语动词与句中已有的谓语动词called时态一致,应用一般过去时,故填asked

错解分析 学生会误以为此处是分词作状语从而错填asking, 但是注意and后的bought是谓语而非非谓语就可以判断出该空应填谓语动词而非非谓语。

4what 考查名词性从句。“________ was happening”是sense的宾语,从句中缺少主语,指……的事情 故用what引导宾语从句。

5surprised 考查词性转换。设空在句中作表语,表吃惊的,修饰人的心理感受,应用surprised

6appreciation 考查词性转换。设空前是介词of, 故该空应填名词。

7to reach 考查非谓语动词。设空前是名词desire, 故该空应用不定式作后置定语。have a desire to do sth. “渴望做某事

8thoughts 考查名词的数。设空后列举了作者的好几个想法,故该空thought应用复数形式,故填thoughts

9to 考查固定短语。listen to“倾听

10their 考查代词。设空后是名词smiles, 故该空应用形容词性物主代词their作定语。

词汇微存 deserve v.值得; what if倘使……,又将如何…… reach out to sb.接触某人

短文改错 (2018·重庆一中模拟)

I'm Li Hua, high school student in China. As a 17­year­old boy, which loves animals very much, I've been dreaming of being devoting to animal protection.

Now surprising, I am more than excited to know that the World Animal Protection was going to get some volunteers in China. Therefore, I have no idea of the process of applying to the position, which really makes me anxious. In addition to, I'm not sure what requirement is a must for the admission. So could you please send me the necessary informations? I can't be more grateful for yours help.

答案与解析 

I'm Li Hua, high school student in China. As a 17­year­old boy, loves animals very much, I've been dreaming of being to animal protection.

Now I am more than excited to know that the World Animal Protection going to get some volunteers in China. I have no idea of the process of applying the position, which really makes me anxious. In addition , I'm not sure what requirement is a must for the admission. So could you please send me the necessary I can't be more grateful for help.

high前加a 考查冠词。a high school student in ChinaLi Hua的同位语,不定冠词a表泛指。

whichwho 考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句先行词是a 17­year­old boy, 指人,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句。

devotingdevoted 考查形容词。 be devoted to ...“专心于……”

surprisingsurprisingly 考查副词。在句中作状语,修饰全句,应用副词,故surprising 改为surprisinglysurprisingly “令人吃惊的是

wasis 考查动词时态。根据短文整体时态可知该处应用is going to表示将来,故was改为is

ThereforeHowever 考查副词。前后两句在语意上是转折而非因果关系,故用However

tofor 考查动词短语。apply for the position“申请职位

去掉to 考查介词短语。in addition “另外 其后不接宾语; in addition to “除……之外 其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

informationsinformation 考查名词的数。information “信息 是不可数名词,没有复数形式。

下列名词常为不可数名词:

表物质的不可数名词:baggage/luggage行李、ink墨水、bread面包、meat肉、money钱、cash现金、paper纸张、coal煤、rubbish垃圾等。

表抽象概念的不可数名词:work工作、harm伤害、knowledge知识、laughter笑声、luck运气、news消息、permission允许、popularity流行、clothing衣服(总称)scenery风景、traffic交通、trouble困难等。

永远不可数的重点名词:furniture家具、equipment设备、information信息、word消息、advice建议、progress进步、weather天气、fun乐趣、work工作、homework家庭作业、housework家务活等。

 小题补练 

1She seemed to know when I was asking for advices and when I just needed a good cry.________

答案与解析 advicesadvice 句意:她好像知道我什么时候在寻求建议,什么时候仅仅需要好好地哭一场。advice为不可数名词。

2I'm sure we can get enough informations from his talk to make good preparations for a coming talk show.________

答案与解析 informationsinformation information为不可数名词,无复数形式。

3Both carriages were loaded with luggages and food hampers.________

答案与解析 luggagesluggage 句意:两个车厢都装满了行李和食品盒。luggage为不可数名词。

yoursyour 考查代词。在句中作定语修饰名词help, 应用形容词性物主代词youryours是名词性物主代词,不能作定语。

书面表达 (2018·临沂模拟) 体裁:活动介绍信

假如你是李华,最近你所在的城市设立了汉字书写日。你的美国笔友John对此很感兴趣,写信向你询问。请根据以下要点给他回一封信。内容包括:

1.设立原因:人们提笔忘字,写汉字机会减少;

2.日期:928日,孔子(Confucius)诞辰;

3.活动:书法(calligraphy)竞赛及展览等。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数;

3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear John

I'm writing to tell you something about Chinese Character Writing Day in our city. ____________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

Yours

Li Hua

范文

Dear_John

I'm_writing_to_tell_you_something_about_Chinese_Character_Writing_Day_in_our_city.

With the popularity of mobile phones, computers and the Internet, many people have few opportunities to write in daily life. Consequently, people tend to forget how to write Chinese characters when they have to. Therefore, a special day is needed to arouse people's interest in Chinese characters and encourage people to write them more often. Moreover, it's a good way to keep our traditional culture alive.

Now September 28th is chosen as Chinese Character Writing Day, for it is the birthday of Confucius. Various activities will be held that day, such as handwriting contests and exhibitions of calligraphy, through which people can enjoy the beauty of the Chinese language and experience a culture of amazing depth and variety as well. You are welcome to join us.

Yours

Li_Hua

第一章 


[原文]

道可道也,非恒道也。名可名也,非恒名也。无名,万物之始也;有名,万物之母也。故恒无欲也,以观其眇;恒有欲也,以观其所徼。两者同出,异名同谓。玄之又玄,众眇之门

 

[译文]

如果可以用言语来表述,那它就是常”(“是可以用言语来表述的,它并非一般的”)如果可以用文辞去命名,那它就是常”(“也是可以说明的,它并非普通的”)可以用来表述天地浑沌未开之际的状况;而,则是宇宙万物产生之本原的命名。因此,要常从中去观察领悟的奥妙;要常从中去观察体会的端倪。无与有这两者,来源相同而名称相异,都可以称之为玄妙、深远。它不是一般的玄妙、深奥,而是玄妙又玄妙、深远又深远,是宇宙天地万物之奥妙的总门(有名的奥妙到达无形的奥妙,是洞悉一切奥妙变化的门径)

 

[注释]

第一个是名词,指的是宇宙的本原和实质,引申为原理、原则、真理、规律等。第二个是动词。指解说、表述的意思,犹言说得出
恒:一般的,普通的。
第一个是名词,指的形态。第二个是动词,说明的意思。
无名:指无形。
有名:指有形。
母:母体,根源。
恒:经常。

眇(miao):通妙,微妙的意思。
徼(jiao):边际、边界。引申端倪的意思。
谓:称谓。此为指称
玄:深黑色,玄妙深远的含义。
门:之门,一切奥妙变化的总门径,此用来比喻宇宙万物的唯一原的门径。

 

[延伸阅读1]王弼《道德经注》

道可道,非常道,名可名,非常名。 
可道之道,可名之名,指事造形,非其常也,故不可道,不可名也。 

无名,天地之始;有名,万物之母。 
凡有皆始於无,故未形无名之时,则为万物之始。及其有形有名之时,则长之育之,亭之毒之,为其母也。言道以无形无名,始成万物,以始以成,而不知其所以玄之又玄也。 

故常无欲,以观其妙; 
妙者,微之极也。万物始於微而后成,始於无而后生,故常无欲空虚,可以观其始物之妙。 

常有欲,以观其徼。 
徼,归终也。凡有之为利,必以无为用;欲之所本,适道而后济。故常有欲,可以观其终物之徼也。 

此两者,同出而异名。同谓之玄,玄之又玄,众妙之门。 
两者,始与母也。同出者,同出於玄也。异名所施,不可同也,在首则谓之始,在终则谓之母。玄者,冥也,默然无有也,始、母之所出也,不可得而名,故不可言。同名曰玄,而言同谓之玄者,取於不可得而谓之然也。谓之然则不可以定乎一玄而已,则是名则失之远矣,故曰玄之又玄也。众妙皆从同而出,故曰众妙之门也。

 

[延伸阅读2]苏辙《老子解》

道可道,非常道。
莫非道也。而可道者不可常,惟不可道,而後可常耳。今夫仁義禮智,此道之可道者也。然而仁不可以為義,而禮不可以為智,可道之不可常如此。惟不可道,然後在仁為仁,在義為義,在禮為禮,在智為智。彼皆不常,而道常不變,不可道之能常如此。

名可名,非常名。
道不可道,而況可得而名之乎?凡名皆其可道者也。名既立,則圓方曲直之不同,不可常矣。

無名,天地之始;有名,萬物之母。常無,欲以觀其妙;常有,欲以觀其徼。
自其無名,形而為天地,天地位而名始立矣。自其有名,播而為萬物,萬物育而名不可勝載矣。故無名者道之體,而有名者道之甩也。聖人體道以為天下用,入於衆有而常無,將以觀其妙也。體其至無而常有,將以觀其徼也。若夫行於其徼而不知其妙,則粗而不神矣。留於其妙而不知其繳,則精而不遍矣。

此兩者,同出而異名,同謂之玄。
以形而言有無,則信兩矣。安知無運而為有,有復而為無,未嘗不一哉。其名雖異,其本則一,知本之一也,則玄矣。凡遠而無所至極者,其色又玄,故老子常以玄寄極也。玄之又玄,衆妙之門。言玄則至矣,然猶有玄之心在焉。玄之又玄則盡矣,不可以有加矣,衆妙之所從出也。

2019版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材复习 题组提分练9 Unit 4 Wildlife protection2

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