湖北省随州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（14）（答案或解析）

“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”

“Two full inches in the first three days ！”

These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper，radio and television ads, promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of such products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles，or in some other way add to beauty or desirability.

Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.

To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public，it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA ( Food and Drug Administration) can require proof(证明) under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that it is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device，FDA has no authority to require pre-marketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure (查封) of the product.

One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the devices on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.

Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings(法律诉讼), and new devices appear continually. Before buying, it is up to judge the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.

[语篇解读]　一些所谓的塑身、健美、美容的商品广告，商家和促销商仅仅是为了挣钱，而实际的结果令人怀疑，有些还有害于健康。事实证明，许多投放在市场上的医疗设备并不受法律约束，在购买前消费者要自己判断它们的安全和效果。

1. It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are________.

A. objective　　　　　　　 B. costly

C. unreliable D. illegal

[解析]　推理判断题。由第四段可知，促销商仅仅为了赚钱，而这些产品的效果令人怀疑。

[答案]　C

2. Which of the following is true according to the text?

A．The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.

B. New products are more likely to be questionable.

C. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.

D. The promoters usually just care about profits.

[解析]　事实细节题。由第四段第一句可知，促销商仅仅为了赚钱。

[答案]　D

3. FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product________.

A. if it is a drug

B. if it is a device

C. if its consumers make complaints

D. if its distributors challenge FDA’s authority

[解析]　事实细节题。由第五段的第二句可知。

[答案]　A

4. The Relaxacisor is mentioned as________.

A. a product which was designed to produce electricity

B. a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case

C. a successful advertisement of a beauty product

D. an example of a quality beauty product

[解析]　事实细节题。由第六段可知，Relaxacisor是一种有害于身体的医疗设备，并因此引发了一个案件。

[答案]　B

5. The author intends to ________.

A. make consumers aware of the promoters’ false promises

B. show the weakness of the law on product safety

C. give advice on how to keep young and beautiful

D. introduce the organization of FDA

[解析]　推理判断题。综观全文，作者的目的是想让消费者意识到广告的虚假承诺。

[答案]　A

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【重庆南开中学高】

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请对标有题号的每一行作出判断，每一行只有一个错误，按下列情况改下。

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

Dear Mrs. Smith,

I appreciate your help very well. On the first day of 76．

the camp, you came up to myself while I was sitting alone. 77．

After that, you always gave me specially attention and 78．

inspired me to join in activity. As a result, I gradually 79．

got to know other campers. Because the help you gave me 80．

that summer, my .life changed. I gain so much confidence that 81．

I went back to school as new person. My grades improved. I 82．

became active but made new friends. Yesterday, I got a letter 83．

that was said I was admitted to a college. I am proud of it. I just 84．

want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person. 85．

Yours

Bob

改错

76．well改为much 77．myself改为me 78．specially改为special

79．activity改为activities/在activity前面加the

80．because的后面加of

81．gain改为gained 82．new前面加a

83．but改为and 84．去掉was 85．becoming改为become

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第三部分 阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）

第一节： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A.B.C. D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

(原创； 单词量：368)

Years ago, after a rough divorce, we were invited to live with my aunt who lived in a rural area. We packed up our stuff and moved across the country to settle into our new "home". 

Once there I was worried about the lack of extended family and thought I would miss the convenience of having relatives nearby. My aunt explained to my children (and myself) that there are many different kinds of family and not all of them have two parents in the home. I didn't think too much of this speech, being rather shell-shocked after the divorce, but her words stuck with me.

  It wasn't too long after we settled in that friends and neighbors began to come over to meet us and extend invitations for outings. Many single ladies lived in this particular locale and were very loving and affectionate with my school-aged children.

  After they got to know the kids better we began to get calls: "Can I borrow your kids? I want to go to the circus and want to take them!"  "I am going fossil hunting with my geology group: would your son like to come along?"  "I am going hiking. Can I take your kids?"  "How would your kids like to learn how to drive a mule?"  And, on and on it went like that.

  Not only did my children benefit from the outings by learning new things, they learned manners, geology, ecology, respect for animals and too many good things to mention. Our neighbors enjoyed the contact with the young folks, too.

  My daughter, now grown and with a child of her own, mentioned to me a few days ago how much she enjoyed the outings with our extended "family" while growing up. My son still recalls going fossil hunting years ago and still talks about it!  We are still friends with all these neighbors although we are all older.

  Now that my own kids are grown up I find myself looking around the neighborhood myself for families with young children. I might want to go looking for frogs and turtles by the creek ... or maybe the circus ... and, I might just say: "Can I borrow your kids?"

41. Upon arrival, why did the aunt explain something to the writer’s children?

A. To comfort her B. To ease her pain

C. To point out a phenomenon D. To discuss problems with her

42. The underlined word in Para 2 is closest in meaning to .

A. ashamed B. exhausted C. thrilled D. stressed

43. The quotes(引用) in Para 4 intend to tell us that .

A. people in the new neighborhood are loving and affectionate

B. people in the new neighborhood like children very much

C. there’re a lot of activities in the new neighborhood

D. people in the new neighborhood live in harmony

44. Now the writer’s children still recall the outings with extended family because of the following reasons EXCEPT .

A. they benefited a lot from the outings

B. they enjoyed their stay with friendly neighbors

C. they learn many good things

D. they’re still friends with all these neighbors

45. Which do you think is the best title of the passage?

A. After divorce B. Living with extended family

C. Can I borrow your kids D. Making friends with neighbors

参考答案----------41-45 A B A D C

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The common cold is the world’s most widespread illness, which is probably why there are more myths(神话，想象) about it than any of the other illnesses.

The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold．They are not．They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person．You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one．If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever．But they do not．And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的) people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes．

At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time．After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be doused(浸入) with cold water, and then stood about dripping（滴干） wet in drafty（通风的） rooms．Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion．Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose．

If cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? In spite of the most painstaking research, no one has yet found the answer．One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on．

No one has yet found a cure for the cold．There are drugs and pain suppressors such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms．

44．The fact that the Eskimos don’t suffer colds shows that .

A．colds are really full of myths

B．viruses are the factors causing colds

C．colds are more severe than other illnesses

D．the idea that cold leads to colds doesn’t stand up

45．The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3 made it clear that .

A．being doused with cold water did harm to one’s body

B．taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired

C．it was viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds

D．people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily

46．According to the passage, colds are commonly seen in winter because .

A．there is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperature

B．viruses can go into people’s warm bodies more easily in winter

C．staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on

D．people are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter

47．What does the passage mainly discuss?

A．The reason and the way people catch colds.

B．The continued spread of colds.

C．The experiments on colds.

D．The myths about colds.

参考答案

44—47、DCCA

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2013届高考英语三轮复习专项训练 短文改错专项训练2

短文改错专项训练2

　　此题要求改正所给短文的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

　　该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉；该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）；在该行右边横线上写出该加的词；该行错一个词，在错的词下划一个横线；在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。

　　Li Ming, who has been working as postman for

1．________

 two years, always wears a suit of green uniforms.

 2．________

 He worked with care as well as with effort. He

3．________

serves for the people heart and soul. Every day he

4．________

gets up early to deliver newspapers or magazines.

 5．________

He is so careful and he has never been wrong.

 6．________

One day he had to send a dead letter and it happened

 7．________

to be raining hardly outside. But he set out immediately．

 8．________

He had asked nearly everybody in the district after

9．________

he tried to hand the letter to the right person.

10．________

参考答案

1．postman→ ∧　a postman　

2．uniforms → uniform

3．worked→works　

4．for（删去）　

5．or→and　

6．and→that

7．√　

8．hardly→hard　

9．after→before　

10．tried→managed

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湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练(14)