人类自创造音乐的那一刻起，即开始了音乐的传播。在一个极为漫长的历史阶段中，人类只能通过音乐表演和口授来传播音乐。音乐保存极为有限，传播距离和传播方向也极为有限。

当人类发明了乐谱后，音乐便开始脱离表演，演变成“文字”得以记录和传播。然而，人类音乐传播的真正革命性里程碑的建立者无疑是科学家们。他们创造了令人叹为观止的音乐传播手段，从最早的机械“留声机”到今天五花八门的“电子媒体”，音乐的传播变得如此便捷，如此高保真。

Music transmission began the moment mankind created music. For a very long period of historical development, humans could only transmit music by means of musical performance and oral instruction. There was a severe limitation to the extent of music preservation, as well as to the distance and directions of music transmission.

When mankind invented musical scores, music started to break away from the boundaries of being merely a performing art, and developed into a system of “written symbols” that could be recorded and spread. Undoubtedly, however, it was scientists who should be crowned as the founders of the real revolutionary milestone of human musical communication. Scientists invented marvelous means of music transmission, from the earliest mechanical “record turntable” to today’s many kinds of “electronic media”. Music transmission has become something that is amazingly convenient, fast, and hi-fi supported!

朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝。朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便过头，不恭不敬。不然，默契和平衡将被打破，友好关系将不复存在。每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。维持朋友关系亲密的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉。

Friendly relations, whose continuous existence presupposes mutual respect, do not admit of the least bit of imposition, interference, or domination. Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temperament, and can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise, they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer cannot be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise, the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent. Everyone hopes to have his own private space, and if too casual among friends, it is easy to invade this piece of restricted area, which will lead to the conflict, resulting in alienation. It may be a small matter to be rude to friends; however, it is likely to plant the devastating seeds. The best way to keep the close relationship between friends is to keep in contact with restraint, and do not bother each other.

现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而让现代人感到尴尬的是，面对重重矛盾，许多时候你却别无选择。匆忙与休闲是截然不同的两种生活方式，

但在现实生活中，人们却在这两种生活方式间频繁穿梭，有时也说不清自己到底是“休闲着”还是“匆忙着”。譬如说，当我们正在旅游胜地享受假期，却忽然接到老板的电话，告知客户或工作方面出了麻烦—现代便捷先进工具在此刻显示出了它狰狞、阴郁的面容—搞得人一下子兴趣全无，接下来的休闲只能徒有其表，因为心里已是火烧火燎了。

Modern society is full of contradictions, from holding values to choosing lifestyles and the most embarrassing thing is, in the face of contradictions, you often have no choice.

Being hasty and at leisure are two quite distinct lifestyles. But in the real world, people have to frequently shuttle between these two lifestyles, sometimes not sure whether they are “at ease” or “in a rush”. For example, we are enjoying our holidays in the resort while suddenly we receive phone calls from the boss who tells us there are some troubles with our customers and work – so at this moment the modern, convenient and advanced device shows its vicious and gloomy features – and we lose all our interest for the vacation. The subsequent leisure is the mere showy for we are in a restless and anxious state of mind.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元。用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compulsory education)。这些资金用于改善教学措施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课，一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。

In order to promote education equity, China has invested 36 billion to improve rural educational facilities and strengthen the rural compulsory education in the central and western regions. The funds were used to better school facilities, buy books, which benefited more than 160,000 primary and secondary schools. They were also spent to purchase music and painting apparatus. Nowadays children in rural and mountainous areas can have music and art classes the same as those children in coastal cities. Some students who transfer to cities for better education return to the local rural schools again.

中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电项目只占其总发电量的2%。该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。

2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批的核电站，开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。

随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低程度。换句话说，核能是可以完全开发和利用的。

China should further develop nuclear energy because currently，nuclear power accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity. Such proportion ranks the thirtieth in all the countries possessing nuclear power, which is almost the last.

After Japan’s nuclear power accident in March 2011, nuclear power development in China was suspended, so was the approval of new nuclear power plants. Also, the national safety check for the nuclear power was carried out. It was not until October 2012 that the approval was prudently resumed.

With the improvement of technology and safety measures, there is little possibility for nuclear accidents to happen. In other words, there won’t be any trouble to develop and exploit the nuclear power.

中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全国读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。

Chinese educators have realized the significance of reading to our country for a long time. As early as 2003, some educators had suggested setting up the Nationwide Reading Day. They emphasized that people should read good books, especially the classics. By reading books, people can better learn to be grateful, be more responsible and cooperative, and the precise purpose of education is to cultivate these basic qualities. What’s more, reading is particularly important for primary and middle school students. If they fail to cultivate the interest in reading during this crucial period, it will be difficult for them to develop reading habit in the later time.

翻译范围