湖南工学院专升本大学英语考试大纲

一、考试对象

本大纲适用于修完大学英语专科阶段的内容，参加湖南工学院“专升本”考试的学生。

二、考试性质

科学、公平、准确、规范地测试考生的英语阅读、表达、运用能力以及逻辑思维能力。考生应掌握英语的语音知识，读音正确；掌握英语的基础词汇；能较好地掌握和运用英语的语法规则；具有一定的综合应用英语语言的能力。

三、考试方式与内容

考试形式为笔试、闭卷。考试时间为120分钟。考试内容主要包括以下几个方面：

1）词汇结构 （Vocabulary & Structure）

测试考生运用词汇与语法知识的能力。测试范围包括《基本要求》中的“语法结构表”所规定的全部内容和一部分大学英语四级要求的内容。包含多项选择和词形变换等题型。

本部分的得分占总分的25%。测试时间为25分钟。

2）完型填空（Cloze）
    测试考生运用词汇与语法知识的能力。测试范围包括《基本要求》中的“语法结构表”所规定的全部内容和一部分大学英语四级要求的内容。   

本部分的得分占总分的10%。测试时间为10分钟。

3）阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）

测试考生从书面文字材料获取信息的能力。本部分测试的文字材料包括一般性阅读材料（文化、社会、常识、科普、经贸、人物等）和应用性文字，其内容能为各专业学生所理解。包括多项选择(Multiple Choice)、选词填空(Banked Cloze)、简答题(Short Answer Questions)等题型。主要测试以下阅读技能：了解语篇和段落的主旨和大意。掌握语篇中的事实和主要情节。理解语篇上下文的逻辑关系。对句子和段落进行推理。了解作者的目的、态度和观点。根据上下文正确理解生词的意思。了解语篇的结论。进行信息转换。
    本部分的得分占总分的40%。测试时间是45分钟。

4）翻译 (Translation)
   翻译部分为英汉互译。汉译英部分：句中的一部分已用英文给出，要求考生根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语。翻译须符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯，要求用词准确。英译汉部分：测试考生将英语正确译成汉语的能力。所译材料为句子和段落，包括一般性内容和实用性内容.

  本部分的得分占总分的10%。测试时间为10分钟。

5）写作
   写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇100词左右的短文。写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误
    本部分的得分占总分的15%。测试时间为30分钟。

四、试卷结构：

试卷为客观题、主观题混合型，共100分。
　　试卷共分五部分，题型结构如下：
　　I．词汇结构。共25分。含有多项选择、词形变换等题型。多项选择共30题，每题0.5分。词形变换共10题，每题1分。
　　II．完形填空。共20题，每题0.5分，共10分。

III．阅读理解。25题，共40分。要求考生阅读四篇短文，两篇为多项选择题型的短文理解测试，一篇为选词填空(Banked Cloze)，一篇为简答题(Short Answer Questions)。共计25题。考生应根据短文内容对所给问题作出最佳选择或给出最佳答案。
　　IV．翻译。5小题，共10分。题目分两种类型：汉译英和英译汉。考生应根据题目要求进行答题，要求内容准确、完整，语言明白。
　　V．短文写作。1题，15分。
　　　考生应根据题目以及写作提纲或规定情景、图表等写出100词左右的短文。要求内容切题，表达清楚，意义连贯，语言比较规范。

五、语言技能及要求

1. 词汇和完形填空
　　1）词汇 掌握约3400个基础英语单词和相应的常用词组以及一部分的四级词汇。

2) 语法
　　词法
　　A．名词 可数名词与不可数名词；名词的复数形式；名词的所有格；名词在句中的作用。
　　B．冠词 不定冠词的基本用法；定冠词的基本用法；不加冠词的基本规则；冠词的习惯用法。
　　C．代词 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词及用法。
　　D．数词 基数词及其用法；序数词的构成及其用法；分数词的构成；小数的用法。
　　E．形容词与副词 形容词与副词比较等级的构成及其用法。
　　F．介词 常用介词及其词义；介词与某些动词、形容词、名词的固定搭配；介词短语及其用法。
　　G．动词
　　a. 动词的分类：及物动词与不及物动词；系动词；助动词；情态动词。
　　b. 动词的基本形式；动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词；不规则动词的形式。
　　c. 动词主要时态的构成及其用法。包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，现在完成进行时，一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去完成进行时，一般将来时，将来进行时，将来完成时，过去将来时。
　　d. 情态动词及其基本用法。
　　e. 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的形式及主要用法。
　　f. 非谓语动词时态的构成及其基本用法。
　　g. 虚拟语气的常见形式及其基本用法。
　　H．连词 并列连词及其用法；从属连词及其用法。
　　句法
　　A．五种基本句型
　　a. 主语+谓语动词
　　b. 主语+谓语动词+宾语
　　c. 主语+连系动词+表语
　　d. 主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
　　e. 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语
　　B．句子按用途分类
　　a. 陈述句（肯定式与否定式）的构成及用法；
　　b. 疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）的构成及用法；
　　c. 祈使句的构成及用法；
　　d. 感叹句的构成及用法。
　　C. 句子按结构分类
　　a. 简单句
　　b. 并列句及其常用连词
　　c. 复合句
　　◆ 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的构成及其常用关联；
　　◆ 定语从句的种类、构成极常用关联词；
　　◆ 状语从句的种类及其常用关联词。
　　D．强调句、倒装句和省略句
　　构词法
　　◆派生法：常用前缀和后缀
　 ◆合成法
　　◆转换法

2. 阅读理解

阅读理解部分考核学生通过阅读获取书面信息的能力，包括理解主旨大意、重要事实和细节、隐含意义，判断作者的观点、态度等。阅读部分考核的技能是：

　A　辨别和理解中心思想和重要细节

　　1)理解明确表达的概念或细节

　　2)理解隐含表达的概念或细节(如总结、判断、推论等)；通过判断句子的交际功能(如请求、拒绝、命令等)来理解文章意思

　　3)理解文章的中心思想(如找出能概括全文的要点等)

　　4)理解作者的观点和态度

　B　运用语言技能理解文章

　　5)理解词语(如根据上下文猜测词和短语的意思)

　　6)理解句间关系(如原因、结果、目的、比较等)

　　7)理解篇章(如运用词汇及语法承接手段来理解篇章各部分之间的关系)

　C　运用专门的阅读技能

　　8)略读文章，获取文章大意

　　9)查读文章，获取特定信息

3. 翻译

翻译部分要求考生用正确的语法结构和符合英语习惯的表达，掌握英汉互译的一些技巧。考核的技能是：

1）正确翻译一般语句，基本符合汉语习惯

2）正确掌握被动句式的译法

3）正确掌握倍数的译法

4）正确掌握定语从句的译法

5）正确掌握长句的译法

6）正确掌握所学的一些重要短语及表达方式

4. 写作

写作部分考核学生用英语进行书面表达的能力。分考核的技能是：

A　思想表达

　1)表达中心思想

　2)表达重要或特定信息

　3)表达观点、态度等

B　篇章组织

　4)围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点

　5)连贯地组句成段，组段成篇

C　语言运用

　6)运用恰当的词汇

　7)运用正确的语法

　8)运用合适的句子结构

　9)使用正确的标点符号

　10)运用衔接手段表达句间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等)

六、指定教材：

1. 《大学英语精读（第三版）》1~3册，主编董亚芬，上海外语教育出版社

2. 《大学英语听说（第三版）》1~3册，主编董亚芬，上海外语教育出版社

七、样题

Part I Vocabulary and Structure(25%)

Section A

Directions: For each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.

1. John did not seem to ________ any importance to what she had said.
A. stick B. notice
C. attach D. remind

2. It has taken Joe a long time to ________ the fact that he won’t be able to go to college.

A. come to terms with B. adapt to

C. live up to D. look forward to

3. I ________ the rush-hour traffic so much that I often avoid it by coming late to work.

A. dread B. frighten

C. disregard D. disappoint

4. In 1975 he returned to Dublin, the capital of the Irish Republic, ________ he formed his own pop group

A. which B. that

C. where D. there

5. ________, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

A. No matter how hard does he try B. No matter he tries how hard

C. No matter how hard tries he D. No matter how hard he tries

6. ________, her paper is of greater value than yours.

A. All things be considered B. All things considered

C. All things to be considered D. All things being considered

7. You should not _______ the peace of others by speaking so loudly.

A. prohibit B. disturb C. collapse D. ban

8. He proposed we ______out a short play at the English evening.

A. acted B. act C. had acted D. was to act

9. The film managed to ______ me from these problems for a while.

A. distract B. disturb C. dispute D. disorder

10. Katherine sticks to her belief it pays to be kind.

A. that B. which C. what D. what

11. The dam was not strong enough to ________ the flood waters.

A. hold up B. hold back C. hold on D. hold over

12. As far as the professor , college students should get into the habit of studying by themselves.

A. concern B. concerns C. concerned D. is concerned

13. At 6.30 yesterday morning, the train ______ Central Station, Glasgow.

A. sought out B. laid out C. came down D. pulled into

14. She fell asleep at last, but after a while, the pain in her stomach ______ her again.

A. retired B. absorbed C. wakened D. conquered

15. This hall was used to _____ child refugees for the time being.

A. hold B. contain C. accommodate D. embody

16. George felt that his wife was deliberately ______ the kids ____ him.

A. turning … around B. turning … down C. turning … off D. turning … against

17. Janet continues to ______ the topic of money, which makes everyone present feel quite bored.

A. bring up B. uncover C. compel D. bring forward

18. The officials are eager to _____ us of the safety of the nuclear reactors.

A. contradict B. contract C. convince D. switch

19. It is heard that only a few top leaders in our company have ____ to the details of the case.

A. response B. access C. illusion D. sense

20. The peasants are ______ manure over the rice field.

A. distributing B. dissolving C. dismissing D. discharging

21. His lung disease has now evidently started to ______ his everyday life.

A. impose B. affect C. associate D. conclude

22. The ship ___ her way ___ waves and will arrive in a few days later.

A. makes … from B. cuts … through C. cuts … above D. strikes … against

23. It was a long time before the policemen _______ what the man had done.

A. caught on B. caught up with C. caught out D. caught at

24.. Her diploma and her fluency in language _______ her for this position in government.

A. enable B. qualify C. attain D. satisfy

25. He showed no sympathy for anyone and spoke in a(n) _______ manner about the horrific tragedy that has recently occurred to his neighborhood.

A. detached B. irresistible C. honorable D. degrading

26. It is not sensible to expect your opponent to _______.

A. make a concession B. make a blind eye C. make a fortune D. make mistakes

27. ________ that the early men feared it and worshipped it.

A. So great the power of fire was B. So great was the power of fire

C. So great the power was of fire D. So was the power of fire great

28. Sometimes earthquakes cause tidal waves and, ________ in the case of Japan, these can be dangerous.

A. as B. like

C. such as D. the same as

29. Some firms will ________, including spying, to obtain information about their competitors.
A. come all the way B. go to great lengths
C. take part in D. look forward

30. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to ________ the impact of the oil spill.

A. minimize B. belittle

C. reject D. reclaim

Section B

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.

31. He’s the only one of these men who ______ (play) bridge well.

32. A Canadian company plans to set up a factory in the area, so this should provide some ______ (employ) for local people.

33. _______ (hold) the note in his hand, the fellow stood there dumb-founded.

34. The teacher doesn’t permit _______ (smoke) in class.

35. The little girl could do nothing but _______ (weep).

36. I enjoy my job, but I’d like to do something more _______ (create).

37. After the flood, life was _______ (extreme) difficult for the farmers in this area.

38. When she was very young, my sister already knew where ________ (put) her toys and dolls.

39. It is important that he ______ (be) called back immediately.

40. Richard, together with his wife and three children, ________ (be) to arrive in Beijing this morning.

Part II Cloze （10%）

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

Part III Reading Comprehension （40%）

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

You must have been troubled by when to say “I love you” because it is one of the greatest puzzles in our life. What if you say it first and your partner doesn’t love you back? Or if they do say it, but you don’t feel they mean it? Being the first to declare your love can be ever racking(紧张）and risky and can leave you feeling as vulnerable as a turtle (海龟) with no shell. But is the person who says it first really in a position of weakness? Doesn’ t it pay to hold back, play it cool and wait until the other half has shown their hand fast?

“A really good relationship should be about being fair and being equal,” says psychologist Sidney Crown. “But love is seldom equal.” All relationships go through power struggles but, he says, if a love imbalance continues for years, the rot will set in. “That feeling of ‘I’ve always loved you more’ may be subverted (颠覆，破坏) for a time, but it never goes away completely and it often emerges in squabbling (大声争吵). “ In love, at least, the silent, withholding type is not always the most powerful. “The strongest one in a relationship is often the person who feels confident enough to talk about their feelings,” says educational psychologist Ingrid Collins. Psychosexual therapist Paula Hall agrees. “The one with the upper hand is often the person who takes the initiative. In fact, the person who says ‘I love you’ first may also be the one who says ‘I’m bored with you’ first.” Hall believes that much depends on how “I love you” is said and the motivation of the person saying it. “Is it said when they’re drunk? Is it said before their partner files off on holiday, and what it really means is ‘Please don’t be unfaithful to me’? By saying ‘I love you’, they are really saying ‘Do you love me?’ If so, wouldn’t it just be more honest to say that. Collins agrees that intention is everything. “It’s not what is said, but how it’s said. What it comes down to is the sincerity of the speaker.”

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The importance of “I love you”. B. The meaning of “I love you”.

C. The time of saying “I love you. D. The place of saying “I love you”.

2. In the first sentence the author means that ________.

A. it is easy to say “I love you”

B. it is hard to say “I love you”

C. we have many troubles in our life

D. people usually do not know when to say “I love you”

3. According to the expert, a good relationship should be ________.

A. fair and equal B. fair and kind

C. powerful and equal D. confident and fair

4. In the third paragraph, the phrase “with the upper hand” means ________.

A. being low in spirit B. having only one hand

C. being active D. being passive

5. What is the most important for you to consider when somebody say “I love you” to you?

A. The intention. B. The place.

C. The time. D. The determination.

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

Culture shock is the loss of emotional balance, disorientation (茫然失措), or confusion that a person feels when moving from a familiar environment to an unfamiliar one. When it is a common experience, the degree to which it occurs will vary from one person to another. Individual personality, previous cross-cultural experience, and language proficiency all affect a person’s ability to interact socially in the new culture. The basic cause of culture shock is the abrupt loss of all that is familiar, leading to a sense of isolation.

When an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of those familiar signs and hints are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or good-willed he may be, a series of properties have been knocked from under him. This may be followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort: “The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad.”

Another aspect of culture shock is regression (倒退). The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance, and everything becomes irrationally glorified. All difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.

Common symptoms of culture shock include the following extremes. These are excessive concerns over delays and other minor frustrations; fear of being cheated, robbed or injured; sleeplessness or a desire to sleep more; and a great longing to go home. Underlying all these is the uncomfortable feeling of not really belonging, of being an outsider.

6. Culture shock is basically caused by ________.
A. difficulties in using the language B. being unable to make friends
C. feeling desperately homesick D. being away from all that is familiar

7. The degree of culture shock to which one feels varies ________.
A. from person to person B. from country to country
C. in accordance with a person’s age D. in accordance with one’s nationality

8. The first response a person tends to have when setting foot on a new land is ________.
A. feeling frustrated B. fearing to be cheated
C. having a sense of losing something D. having a sense of being abandoned

9. A home-coming trip will ________.
A. draw you back to reality B. make you remember all the good things
C. make you forget the troubles D. help you solve the problems

10. Which is NOT a symptom of culture shock?
A. Longing to go back home. B. Longing to travel.
C. Having fear of being cheated. D. Feeling to be an outsider.

There is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 11 to 20 are based on the following passage.

He looked straight into her eyes, in  11    of a definite answer. “I came here on her behalf,” she said, “She has her words in her letter.” He accepted the letter, saw her disappearing amid the throng and got to thinking about what it might tell.

The letter read, “I feel tremendous   12    to you for your sincere friendship. You’ve sprinkled over my whole life marvelous stars that will never   13  . Once I was totally  14   to your deep affection, thorough considerateness that I appreciate so much yet could never repay; nevertheless you never mentioned that you’ve fallen in love with me. You said and I quote: I’m more of a flower than of a real girl.” The very statement brought back in a   15    their beautiful holiday at sea that had impressed him. Yet now everything had   16    such swift changes. “Therefore, I have my time to bloom. I couldn’t wait any longer, even though I am still immersed in our past, which I really fail to unload. My marriage is   17   . In the letter are some assembled photos of us. You can put them away...”

He kept turning over her each specific statement while   18    recollecting their joys, tours, dinners, and the rest   19   . The love he accords top priority collapsed all of a sudden, but what had happened couldn’t be   20  . “I’ve always been in love, though in secret.” Silently he said to the letter, weeping. Tears trickled down his face, successively dropping onto the letter.

There is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully, and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Young people often wonder at the large number of employers who do not respond to their applications for jobs. They say that despite enclosing return envelopes they hear nothing at all or, at the best, an impersonal note is sent declaring that the post for which they applied has been filled. Applicants often developed the suspicion that vacancies are earmarked（内定）for friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put out to avert this accusation. Many of them tire of writing around and feel that if only they could obtain an interview with the right person their application would meet with success.

Not to acknowledge applicants’ letters is impolite and there seems little excuse for this. Yet even sending brief replies to the many who apply takes much time and money. That so-called return envelope may not have been stamped by the sender, and a hard-pressed office manager may be reluctant to send off long letters of explanation to disappointed job hunters. A brief note is all that can be managed and even that depends on the policy of the firm. But this difficulty is reasonably easy to remove with a little goodwill.

16. What is the passage mainly about?

________________________________________________________________________

17. Many job hunters think that they can get a job if __________________________________.

18. The author thinks that a letter to decline an applicant should be ______________________.

19. What is the chief reason for a manager not to acknowledge applicants’ letters?

_________________________________________________________________________

20. What is the major complaint of job hunters?

_________________________________________________________________________

Part IV Translation （10%）

1. They (利用特权) to make profit.

2. ______________________(当提到种族歧视)，people will invariably think of Dr. Martin Luther King, the civil rights leader and his historic speech – I have a dream.

3. I was very pleased when (老师将我的作文挑选出来)and read it before the class.

4. Should a party request cancellation of the contract without valid reason, it shall pay for all the economic losses that the other party may suffer.

5. Without some feedback of information, management personnel cannot control operations because they don’t know the results of their directions.

Part V Writing (15%)

Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short passage about Celebrating Western Festivals in three paragraphs. The composition should be about 110-150 words.

文中应包括的要点：

1. 现在不少大学生喜欢过一些西方节日；

2. 产生这种现象的原因；

3. 这种现象可能带来的影响。

Celebrating Western Festivals

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湖南工学院专升本大学英语考试大纲