2010中考英语复习课本知识整理九年级Units 15

【知识梳理】

【课文解析】

重点单词

1．weigh v称．称……的重量

Weigh this package for me，please．请给我称一下这个包裹。

(1)weigh作及物动词，意为“称；称……的重量”。

Let me weigh it．It's quite a bit overweight．我来称一称它。这超重不少呢。

(2)weigh作及物动词，还有“考虑；权衡；斟酌”的意思。

I must weigh my words to avoid any misunderstanding．我必须字斟句酌，免生误解。

(3)weigh作不及物动词时，意为“重若干；有分量”，其后常加表示数量的词语。

I weigh 40 kilos．我体重为40千克。

His words weighed heavy with us．他的话对我们来说很有分量。

weigh的名词形式为weight，意为“重量”。

常见短语： llose weight意为“减肥”。

What's your weight?你的体重是多少?

My sister is trying to lose weight．我姐姐正在设法减肥。

2．spared．多余的。空闲的

He often helps the old people in his spare time．他在业余时间经常帮助老人们。

(1)spare为形容词，意为“多余的，空闲的，剩下的，备用的”，无比较级。

He spends a11 his spare time playing computer games．他把业余时间全用来打电脑游戏了。

We have a spare room for guests．我们家有备用的客房。

(2)in one's spare time意为“在(某人的)业余时间里”。

What do you usually do in your spare time?你在业余时间通常做些什么?

3．pull v拉。拖，拔

She pulled the door open．她拉开了门 。

(1)pull作不及物动词时，意为“拉，拖；拔”， 主语为不具备动力的某物时，其主动形式常含有被动意义。

You push and I'll pull．你来推，我来拉。

(2)pull作及物动词时，接名词、代词作宾语，还可以接以形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语。

The child pulled the door open．那个小孩把门拉开了。

思维拓展

(1)pull意为“拖；拉”，为普通用词，不管力的大小，但总要用些力，含用力、努力、突然的冲动等意味，反义词为push。

Please push the window open．请把窗子推开。

(2)相关短语

①pull out表示“(车辆等)驶出”“撤离”“掏出”等。

The boat has pulled out the port．船已经驶出了港口。

②pull in表示“吸引(观众，投票者)”。

The new play is going to pull in a lot of viewers．这个新剧将会吸引很多观众。

③pull down表示“拆毁”“拉下”。

The old building was pulled down．那栋老建筑被拆除了。

4．proud adj．自豪的；骄傲的

It makes me feel proud．它使我感到很自豪。

proud用作形容词，意为“自豪的，骄傲的”，常用于短语

be proud of，表示“以……为骄傲；以……而自豪”。

They are very proud of their daughter．他们为他们的女儿感到非常骄傲。

注意：proud的名词形式是prie， 意为 “自豪，骄傲”常用于短语take pride in，表示“以……而自豪”。

We take pride in our great motherland.我们以我们伟大的祖国而骄傲。

【中考连线】

① You can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud yourself and stand tall like a sunflower．

A．on B．from C．of

I often read English magazines________my spare time.

A．at B．in C．on D．to

They will _______the old houses to build the central park．

A．put off B．pull down C．put down D．put up

Some girls get sick after they try so hard to lose_________weight．

A．a B．the C．／ D．an

答案：C点拨：本题考查短语的用法。be proud of…意为“以……而自豪”。故选C

答案：B点拨：spare time—free time意为“业余时间”；in one’s spare time意为“在某人的业余时间里”。故选B。

答案：B 点拨：此题考查动词短语的用法。put off意为“推迟”；pull down意为“拆除(房屋等)”；put down意为“写下来”put up意为“举起；修建”。根据句意，选B。

答案：C点拨：lose weight是一个固定词组，意为“减少体重，不加任何冠词，故选C。

重点短语

1．care for关心。关怀，照顾

The children are being well cared for．孩子们得到了精心照顾。

(1)care for意为“关怀，照顾”，它相当于词组look after。

Uncle Dick is very good at caring for sick animals．迪克叔叔照看生病的动物很在行。

She eared for her father all through his long illness．她在父亲久病期间一直照顾着他。 (2)care for还 可以表示“喜欢，想要”，一般用于疑问句和否定句中。

Would you care for a drink? 你想要喝一杯饮料吗？

I don’t care for tea．我不喜欢喝茶。

2．be made from由……制成

Wine is made from grapes．葡萄酒是用葡萄酿成的。

be made from“由……制成的”，它指原材料经过了化学 变化，从成品已看不出 其原材料。 Paper is made from wood．纸用木头制造的。

The drink is made from pears．这种饮料是用梨制成的。

Bread is made from wheat．而包足用小麦制成的。

有关 “be made 的词组： be made of用……制造(能分辨出原材料) be made in在……地方制造 be made into被制成……(强调制成晶) be made by被……制造 be made from由……制造(不能分辨出原材料) be made up of m……组成(强调组成部分)

【中考连线】

①Lots of people in our city _________the old and they usua11y offer their seats to the old on buses．

A．agree with B．worry about C．1augh at D．care for

② 一Your skirts really beautiful.____________?

一Silk．

A．Where did you buy it B．How much is it C．What size is it D．What's it made of

答案：D 点拔：由句意“人们为老人让座”，说明是关心老人，故选care for。正确答案为D项。

答案：D点拨：由答语Silk．“丝织的”可知问句应为“它是由什么制成的?”故选D。

考点句型

1．They're about 10 feet long and they weigh about l 000 pounds．它们大约10英尺长，重约l 000磅。

(1)英语中长、宽、高等的表达方式可用“数字+量词(复数)+表示‘长、宽、高’的long／wide／high…”结构，它可作表语，也可作后置定语。

The street is about 200 metres long，3 metres wide．那条街大约有200米长，3米宽。

He is one of the most famous writers in China. 他是中国最著名的作家之一。

This is the most difficult (one) of the three. 这是这三者中最难的。

◎在“动词+the most”结构中，most 也是副词，其作用和意思是“最”其位置通常在动词后。

They like English the most. 他们最喜欢英语。

（3）most 通常有三种用法

◎在“most+副词或形容词”结构中，most 是副词，意为“很，非常，十分”。

I shall most certainly go there. 我十分肯定会到那里去。

◎在“most+名词”结构中，most 是形容词，意为“大部分的，大多数”或“最多的”。

Most students like English. 大多数学生喜欢英语。

Who has (the) most books among you? 你们中谁的书最多？

【中考连线】

This is a__________fiver and that river is ．

A．200-metre-long；200 metre long B．200-metre-long；200 metres long

C．200-metres-long；200 metres long D．200-metres long；200-metre-long

答案：B点拨：第一个空作前量定语，故应用复合形容词形式；第二个空作表语，应用“数词+量词(复数)+long”形式：故选B。句意：这是一条200米长的河，那条河长200米。

（3）hear of意为“听说”，后面接名词，代词或动名词。

I’ve never heard of that before.我以前从未听说过那件事。

She disappeared and was never heard of again. 她不知去向了，再未听到她的消息。

（4）hear接从句，是“听说”的意思。

One day, the Smiths heard that there was a good doctor in a town not far away.一天，史密斯一家听说不远的镇里有一位好医生。

I hear that one of the pandas has a baby.我听说其中一只熊猫生了个熊猫宝宝。

II．while与when的用法

◎ when的含义是at or during the time that,既可用于指一点时间（从句的谓语动词需用终止性动词），也可用于指一段时间（从句的谓语动词用延续性动词），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态能同时发生，或一先一后发生。

He wants to help people when they are ill.他想在人们生病的时候帮助他们。

When he got to Shanghai, the ship had already set off.他到达上海时，轮船已经开走了。

◎ while的含义是during the time that,只能用于指一段时间（从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所表示的动作只能同时发生，不能一先一后发生。

While I was reading, my mother was washing clothes.我读书时，妈妈在洗衣服。

◎这两个词还可以用作并列连词。when表示“在那时”或“这时突然”，相当于and just at that time的意思，用来连接两个并列分句，有时when分句之前有逗号把前后两个分句分开。

I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain.我一直呆到太阳下山，这时天开始下雨了。

◎ while意为“而”，“却”，表示对照关系。

Some like collecting stamps, while others like planting flowers.有些人喜欢集邮，而有些人却喜欢种花。

单元测试题

Ⅰ．单项填空（10分）

( )1．The blouse________ is made of silk is very expensive．I can’t afford it．

A．that B．what C．because D．though

( )2．Many 1akes and rivers have been________ recently．

A．pollute B．pollution C．polluted D．polluting

( )3．We should take our own bags when ________．

A．shopped B．shopping C．shoping D．shops

( )4．There are hardly any people on the hill in winter，________?

A．are they B．aren’t they

C．aren’t there D．are there

( )5．I was________ what you did．

A．surprised to B．surprised in

C．surprised at D．surprising at

( )6．My cousin has changed a lot．She used to be________，but now she is tall．

A．short B．thin C．pretty D．though

( )7．Something is wrong with my computer．It needs ________．

A．mending B．to mend C．mended D．is mending

( )8．Zoos are________ places for animals ________．

A．terribly；to live B．terrible；living

C．terrified；to live at D．terrible；to live

( )9．These zoos are like________ textbooks for young people．

A．live B．to live C．living D．lived

( )10．—I think drinking milk is good ________our health．

—Yes．I agree you．

A．for；with B．to；to

C．with；to D．at；with

( )11．I have never________ such a story．

A．hear of B．hear about

C．heard of D．heard for

( )12．Tom likes the clothes________ his mother．

A．made of B．made from

C．made in D．made by

( )13．The boss said________ at the meeting and just sat there________.

A．something；silently B．everything；silence

C．nothing；silently D．nothing；silent

( )14．Waste cans and bottles are collected ________recycling．

A．from B．for C．as D．by

( )15．Much time was________ his sick mother.

A．spent care for B．spending caring for

C．spent to care for D．spending cared for

Ⅴ．从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话(5分)

A：Have you ever read the novel Jane Eyre?

B： 1

A：What a pity! It’s a wonderful book, you know．

B：Well，I’ve been wanting to read it for a long time，but I can’t get a copy．The library has only three copies． 2

A： 3 4 I call lend it to you，if you like．

B：Thank you．By the way，when can I get it?

A： 5 Will you please come to my house after school?

B：OK．I’ll go as soon as school is over．

1． ________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________

was used up or the river was dirty in a place，men moved to another place．But this is no longer true．Man is now slowly polluting the whole world．

Air pollution is still the most serious．It’s bad to all living things in the world，but it is not only one kind of pollution．Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water．Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily．

Many countries are making rules to fight pollution．They stop the people from burning

coal(煤)in houses and factories in the city，and from blowing dirty smoke into the air．

The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution．It is sure that if there are fewer people driving，there will be less air pollution．

The earth is our home．We must take care of it．That means keeping the land，water

and air clean．And we must be careful about the rise in population at the same time．

( )1．Our world is becoming much smaller_______.

A．because the earth is being polluted day and night

B．thanks to science developing

C．because of the rising in population

D．because the earth is blown away by the wind every year

( )2．Thousands of years ago，life was______ it is today．

A．much easier than B．as easy as

C．as hard as D．much harder than

( )3．Pollution comes in many ways．We can even hear it．Here“hear it” means

“_______”．

A．water pollution B．air pollution

C．noise pollution D．rubbish

( )4．Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _______．

A．it’s bad to all living things in the world

B．it makes much noise

C．it has made our rivers and lakes dirty

D．it makes us become angry more easily

( )5．Which of the following is not true?

A．Many countries are making rules to fight pollution．

B．The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world population does．

C．From now on，maybe people try to go to work by bus or bike instead of car or motorbike．It is helpful to fight against the problem of SO2．

D．The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people．

B

1970 was the world Conservation(保护)Year．The United Nations wanted everyone to

know that the world is in danger．They hoped that governments would act quickly in order to

“conserve”nature．Here is one example of the problems．At one time there were 1 000 different plants，trees and flowers in Holland，but now only 860 remain．The others have been destroyed by modern man and his technology(技术)．We are changing the earth，the air，the water，and everything that grows and lives．We can’t live without these things．If we continue like this，we shall destroy ourselves．

What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more important to ask“What must we do now?”The people who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young people today．A lot of them know that conservation is necessary．Many are helping to save our world．They plant trees，build bridges across rivers in forests，and so on．In a small town in the United States a large group of girls clean the 11-kilometer long banks of the river．Young people may hear about conservation through a record called NO ONE’S GOING TO CHANGE OUR WORLD．It was made by the Scatles，Cliff Richard and other singers．The money from it will help to conserve wild animals．

( )6．This passage is mainly about conserving________.

A．wild animals B．wild plants

C．nature D．man

( )7．How many kinds of plants．trees and flowers have been destroyed by modern man and his technology in Holland?

A．1 300 B．860 C．140 D．1 000

( )8．We know from the passage that there are______．

A．more trees in Holland now

B．more flowers in Holland now

C．fewer plants in Holland now

D．fewer animals in Holland now

( )9．What does the underlined word“them”refer to?

A．All the people． B．Old people．

C．Old and young people． D．Young people．

( )10．We can guess from the passage that NO ONE’S GOING TO CHANGE OUR

WORLD was________.

A．a book about saving the world

B．a song loved by young people

C．a film about protecting wild animals

D．a tape of songs calling on people to conserve nature

Ⅷ．书面表达(20分)

请在旅客登山队路途上，为旅客写几条规定，以保护环境。

1．不要在林中用火(start fire)，以保护树木。

2．不要乱扔垃圾，离开时，请把废纸、罐头(tin)盒等带走。

3．请保持河流清洁，这是村民的饮用水源。

4．请勿伤害鸟类和昆虫等动物。

5．请勿挖掘和采摘花草。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

Ⅰ．1．A that引导的定语从句修饰blouse。

2．C被动语态。

3．B“when十分词短语”作状语，当主句的主语与从句中的主语相同时可以这样用，

相当于状语从句。

4．D 由hardly(几乎没有)可确定本句是前否定后肯定的反意疑问句。

5．C be surprised at意为“对……感到惊奇”。

6．A由now知，是现在高，used to意为“过去”，所以应用short。

7．A need doing结构中的doing含有被动含义相当于to be done。

8．D不定式短语与其所修饰的词具有动宾关系。

9．C living textbooks意为“活生生的教材”，living是形容词。

10．A be good for对……有益，为固定短语，agree with意为“同意”

11．C考查现在完成时。hear of意为“听说，知道”；hear about意为“了解”。hear的

过去分词为heard。

12．D made by his mother意为“由他妈妈做的”，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语。

13．C said nothing意为“什么也没说”，silently是副词，修饰动词。

14．B for意为“用于／用作……”。

15．C本题意为“许多时间被花费在照顾他生病的妈妈身上”，此处不定式作目的状语。

Ⅱ．1．education 2．to protect 3．called 4．not play 5．fishing

Ⅲ．1．B more twenty改为twenty more

2．B has done改为is done

3．B and改为or

4．D to live改为to live in

5．B how改为what

Ⅳ．1．used，to make 2．looks after

3．has been dead，four years

4．where trees grow well 5．What do

Ⅴ．1～5 EDGFC

Ⅵ．1～5 BADCA 6～10 DBCBD

Ⅶ．1．B由第一段第一句可知。

2．D由第一段第二句可知。

3．C“能听见的污染”即噪音污染。

4．A由第三段第二句可知。

5．D由常识可知。

6．C纵观全文可知文章的主题是保护自然。

7．C 1 000-860=140

8．C由上题分析可知。

9．D由划线部分的前一句可知。

10．D a record意为“磁带”，故选D项。

Ⅷ．One possible version：

Notice to the Visitors

When you climb the mountain，you should notice：

Don’t start fires in the woods in order to protect the trees．

Don’t throw rubbish everywhere．When you leave, please take the waste paper and tins with you．

Try to leave the countryside clean.

Water is very important．The villagers get their drinking water from the river，so you must keep the river clean．

Protect the plants and animals．Do not kill or hurt any animals，birds or insects．Do not dig up plants or pick flowers．

Have a good time．

2010中考英语复习课本知识整理九年级Units 15