高考英语专题复习---熟词生义、一词多义

第一课A
1．about （熟义：关于） prep．＆adv．到处＝（美）around 到处
We spent the whole afternoon walking about town．我们整个下午就在城里到处逛来逛去。
2．act （熟义：行动）vi．起作用
It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act．只需几分钟，药物就起作用了。
3．add （熟义：加）vt 接着说，又说
“They don't know．”he added．“他们不知道。”他接着又说。
4．address （熟义：地址，写地址） vt． ① 称呼
The president should be addressed as “Mr President．”总统应称为“总统先生”。
② 向……发表演说
He is going to address the meeting in a minute．他一会儿就要在大会上讲话了。

5．admit （熟义：承认）vt．①允许进入
The servant opened the door and admitted me into the house. 仆人打开门，请我进去。

②容纳
The theatre only admits 1，000 persons．这个剧场只能容纳一千人。

6. adapt （熟义：适应）vt．使某物适合与新的用途,情况等;修改;改编或改写(稿本)

These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好.

This novel has been adapted for radio from Russian original.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目.

7. adopt （熟义：收养; 过继）vt．① 采纳;采取;采用

We adopt their teaching method. 我们采用了他们的教学方法

8．against （熟义：反对，违背） prep．衬着，迎着，靠着
The picture looks good against the white wall．这幅画在洁白的墙的衬托下显得很好看。

9．agree with （熟义：同意） 与……一致，协调，适合
Your story agrees with what I heard．你讲的与我所听到的一致。
Long plane trips don't agree with me．我不适合坐飞机长途旅行。

10．appeal （熟义: 恳求,呼吁）v (对某人)有吸引力,(使某人)感兴趣

The idea of camping has never appealed to me. 对露营这种想法我从来不感兴趣.

11．appear （熟义：出现） vi 似乎

You appeared to have made a mistake. 你似乎犯了一个错误。

12．apply（熟义：申请） v．应用,运用; 适用

What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人.

13．arm （熟义：n．手臂）n．武器 v．武装
Lay down your arms or we'll fire！放下武器，否则，我们就开枪了！

Police say the man is armed with guns and very dangerous. 警察说该男子携有枪，十分危险。

14．ask （熟义：问）vt．要求

The teacher asked that all the students stay at the classroom. 老师要求所有学生呆在教室.

15．attend （熟义：出席） vt．＆vi．看护，治疗
Dr．Paria Lal attends him．Paria Lal医生在治疗他。
If you go out，who'll attend to the baby？如果你走了，谁来照看婴儿？

第二课

B

1．back （熟义：n．背） vt．支持
Many of his friends backed his plan．他的许多朋友支持他的计划。

2．badly （熟义：坏） adv．迫切, 很
English teachers are badly needed in our school. 我们学校极需要英语老师。

3．bear （熟义：熊） v． ① 支撑

The ice is too thin to bear your weight. 冰太薄，承受不了你的重量。

② 负起（责任），肩负

He is a carefree fellow who bears his responsibilities lightly. 他是个满不在意不大负责的人。

③ 忍受，忍耐

The pain was almost more than he could stand. 这样的痛苦几乎使他受不了。

4．beat （熟义：击打） v． ① (心脏) 跳动

He is alive---his heart is still beating. 他还活着---心脏还在跳动。

② 打败

He beat me at chess. 他下棋赢了我。

5．before （熟义：以前） conj．才；就
It was a long time before I got to sleep again．过了很久我才再睡着。
I hadn't waited long before he came．我没有等多久，他就来了。

6．block （熟义：大块） n． (四面临街) 建筑群，街区 v 阻碍；堵塞

He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街。

Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland. 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的路。

7．blow （熟义：吹，刮） n． 打击

His wife’s death was a great blow to him. 他妻子的去世对他是一大打击。

8．book （熟义：书） v． 预定，预购

I would like to book three seats for tonight’s concert. 我想预定今晚音乐会的三个座位。

9．buy （熟义：购买） v． 相信

No one will buy that excuse. 谁也不会相信那个借口。

10．build （熟义：v．修建） n．身材，体型
The football player has a solid build．足球运动员体格健壮。

第三课

1．calm （熟义：冷静的，镇静的）adj． 无浪的，风平浪尽的

The sea is calm.

2．can （熟义：能） n．罐头vt．做成罐头
Mother cans fruit．妈妈把水果做成罐头。

3．capital （熟义：首都） n． 大写字母；资本

Write your name in block capitals, please. 姓名请用大写。

Jack set up a business with a starting capital of $100,000. Jack的创业资本是$100,000。

4．carry （熟义：搬运，携带） v．持有，带有；刊登

Police in many countries carry guns. 许多国家的警察都带枪。

Today’s newspapers carry full reports of the president’s visit. 今天的报纸刊登了总统访问的详尽报道。

5．case （熟义：情况） n． 案例,病例； 箱子

The case will be heard in court next week. 这一案件下星期审理。

6．catch （熟义：抓） v． 明白；领会

Sorry, I didn’t quite catch what you said. 对不起，我没听清你的话。

8．cause （熟义：n．起因，v．引起） n．事业

① 造成、引起、产生(vt.) Smoking can cause lung cancer.

② 原因(n.) What`s the cause of the big fire?

The UN has done a lot for the cause of world peace．联合国为世界和平事业做了许多贡献。

9．certain （熟义：相信） adj． 某个，某种

For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.因为某种原因，我不能出席这次会议。

10．change （熟义：变化） n． 零钱，找头

Have you got change for a five-pound note? 你有没有5英镑的零钱？

11．collect （熟义：收集） v． 取走，拿走

His job is to collect a child from school every day. 他的工作是每天从学校接回孩子。

12．company （熟义：公司）n．有人作伴；伙伴
You may know a man by the company he keeps.你可以从一个人所交的朋友了解他的为人。

② 友伴、陪伴(n.) keep sb company I will stay here and keep you company.

13．condition （熟义：条件） n． 状况

He is in excellent condition for a man of his age. 他就其年龄而言，身体极好。

14．cost （熟义：花费；值……）vt．使失去（生命、健康等）
The patient's dangerous condition cost the doctors and nurses many a sleepless night．
病人的危险状态使医生、护士好几夜不曾合眼。

15．count ［熟义：数（数目）］ vi．重要；vt．认为
Every minute counts．每分每秒都重要。
On the whole she counted herself a fortunate wife．总的说来，她自认为还是一个幸运的人。

16．course （熟义：过程） n． 课程；航线；一道菜

I’d like to take a refresher course to improve my driving. 我想参加补习训练以提高自己的驾驶技术。

The plane was off the course.飞机偏离航向。

They were treated with a five-course dinner for lunch. 招待他们五道菜的正餐。

17．cover （熟义：覆盖） v．够付（费用）；走完（一段路）；涉及；报导
Here is ￡5；that should cover all your expenses．这儿有5英镑，应该够付你所有的开支。

By sunset we had covered thirty miles.到日落的时候，我们已走了三十英里。

He is carrying out a research that covers a wild field. 他正在进行涉及范围很广的研究工作。

He was sent to cover the event. 他被派去报道着事件。

18．cross （熟义：横跨） adj． 生气的，恼怒的

I was cross with him for being late. 他迟到了，我很生气。

第四课D

1．date （熟义：日期；枣子） v． 追溯 ；约会确定年代

The ancient temple has a long history and can date back to the year 1890AD．

They have been dating for a long time. 他们一直频频约会

2．desert(熟义：n．沙漠)

    He deserted his wife and children and went abroad．(V．抛弃，离弃)

3．develop(熟义：v．发展；开发；研制)

    Did you have the films developed?(v：冲印)

    develop a disease／a habit(v．逐渐形成)

    sure enough，most of the plants developed the disease(vt．患病；出现问题)

4．dismiss．(熟义：v．解雇，开除)   fire lay off discharged unemployed

    He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic．  (v．拒绝考虑(某观点等))

5．drive(熟义：v．驾驶)

    Hunger drove her to steal．(V．迫使某人(做不好或不快的事))

6．divorce(熟义：v．与某人离婚)

    You cann’t divorce science from ethical questions．(v．使分离；使脱离)

7．draw （熟义：画） v． 吸引；获取，汲取
Ladies and gentlemen，may I draw your attention to me？女士们，先生们，注意了。

What conclusions did you draw from the study? 你从研究中得出什么结论？

11．express （熟义：v．表达） adj. 高速的, 快速的
It was in that express way that the traffic accident happened．事故发生早高速公路上。

1．fail （熟义：v. 失败，不及格）v．不足，缺乏；忽略
Because of the bad weather ,Our vegetables supply failed．我们供水不足了。
He never fails to write to his mother every month．他从来不忘记每月写信给他的母亲。

William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.

2．fairly （熟义：adv. 相当） adv．公正地，公平地

You are not treating us fairly. 你对我们不公正.

3.freeze

I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.

门慢慢开启时我吓呆了。

It's so cold that even the river has frozen.

14．fix （熟义：v. 安装，修理） v. 确定， 选定

① 固定、安装(vt.)

Fix a shelf to the wall.

② 修理(vt.)

My watch has stopped—it needs fixing.

③ 确定(vt.)

The time for our meeting has been fixed already.

④ 凝视(vt.)

Her eyes were fixed on the nice dress.

Have you fixed a date for the wedding? 你们举行婚礼的日期确定了吗？

第五课

1．favor （熟义：n. 恩惠，善行） v. 支持，喜欢

Of the two possible plans I favor the first. 在这两种可行方案中我赞成前者。

2．fit （熟义：v & adj 适合） adj. 健康的

He keeps himself fit by running 5 miles every day. 他每天跑五英里以保持身体健康。

3．flat （熟义：n. 公寓，套房） adj. 平躺的， 平伸的， 扁平的

The earthquake laid the city flat. 地震把这座城市夷为平地。

4．given（＝considering）（熟义：被给予）prep．考虑到
Given the general state of his health，it may take him a while to recover from the operation．

5．hold （ 熟义：握；拿；举行）v．容纳；持有（某种观点）；
The case can hold all my clothes．这个箱子可以装得下我所有的衣服。

I hold the view that the plan cannot work. 我认为那个计划不可行。

6 house
These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil,now they hold Twitter engineers.

to house a friend for the night留宿朋友一夜

The library houses tens of thousands of books.

7．interest （熟义：兴趣） n．利益；利息；股份；

He shows great interest in... 他在某方面显示出了极大的兴趣

places of interest 名胜古迹 the interest is paid monthly

8.lift:① 举起(vt.) He can lift the heavy stone.

② 电梯(n.) It`s on the sixth floor---Let`s take the lift.

③ 搭便车(n.) I will give you a lift to the station.

9．just （熟义：adv. 正好；恰好） adj. 公道的；公正的

That is a just decision. 那是公正的判决。

10．key （熟义：钥匙，答案） n．＆adj．关键（的），关键性的人物
The key factor in their success is hard work．他们成功的关键因素是努力工作。

11．kill （熟义：杀） vt．使笑／痛得要死，使难受之极；消磨
It kills him to admit he is wrong．他承认他错了时，难受得很。
His joke killed the audience．他的笑话使听众笑得死去活来。

12．last （熟义：最后的） adj．最不可能的 v．延续，够用（多久）
He is the last person to tell a lie．他极不可能说谎。
The food will last（us）（for）three weeks．这些粮食可够（我们）吃三周。

13．lesson （熟义：课）n．教训（不悦的经历）
Pear Harbor was a painful lesson for the US．珍珠港事件对美国来说是一次痛苦的教训。

14．lift （熟义：电梯）n．搭便车 v．抬起，举起
Can you give me a lift to the station？我能搭个便车去车站吗？
Threemen were lifted by helicopter from the burning ship. 直把三个男人从燃烧着的船上吊起。

15．line （熟义：线；行） n. 台词 v. 沿…排列

Have you learnt your lines yet? 你的台词背熟了吗？

He was driving along a road lined with trees. 他行进在树木成行的路上？

      第六课

实际的；真实的；客观存在的 practical advice/help/support 切实的忠告 / 帮助 / 支持

practical problems实际问题

It wouldn't be practical for us to go all that way just for the weekend. 可行 likely to work

of things 东西) 有用的；适用的 useful or suitablea practical little car, ideal for the city

习语for (all) practical purposes事实上；其实 

13. mend(熟义：v．修理；修补)  

    The patient is still mending slowly after the operation．(v．痊愈；改善)

15．might(熟义：modal v．或许)

    I use all my might to open the door．(n．力量，权威)

 16．note(熟义：n．笔记)   

of note重要的；引人注目的 of importance or of great interest

a scientist of note著名的科学家

in music[C] 单音；音调；音符 high/low notes

a £5 note一张面值为5英镑的纸币

    Learn the notes by heart．(n．台词)

    I noted that her hands were dirty．(v．注意，特别指出，提及)

  19．pronounce(熟义：v．发音)

The judge pronounced against her appeal．(v．宣称；宣布；判决)

20.plant （熟义：n&v. 植物；种植）

n. 工厂 How much steel can be made in the steel plant？

21.narrow （熟义：adj. 狭窄的）

Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap (代沟) between them so that they can understand each other better.

adj. 勉强的，几乎未成的He narrowly escaped drowning. 他差点儿淹死

22.nature:

① 自然 (n.) This is nature in the raw 

② 本质 (n.) She trusted people. That was her nature 

23.notice （熟义：v & n. 注意） n. 布告；通知 He received two month’s notice to leave the job.

24, manner

He has no manners (= behaves very badly) .

She smiled again in a friendly manner 

Try to adopt a more relaxed manner. 试着换一种更加放松的方式。

第七课

1.．refresh(熟义：vt．使恢复精力)

    Her words refreshed my memory．(、rt．提醒；提示；使想起；重新斟满；刷新)

2．sound(熟义：n．声音)

    It is important to have a sound body．(adj．健全的)

My wife is a sound sleeper．(adj．酣睡的)

Your idea is very sound.中肯的，合理的

3 spare(熟义：adj.多余的；备用的；空余的v：吝惜；拨出，抽出)

He spared the thief．(v．饶恕；放过)   

During the bombing only one house was spared ；放过)

I'm afraid I haven't got any spare cash 不用的；闲置的 

I'd love to have a break, but I can't spare the time just now. 抽出；拨出；留出；匀出 

4. succeed(熟义：v．成功)

  (v．继承)    (v．继任) David Rowland is almost certain to succeed him as chairman on January 1.

第八课

1．tie(熟义：vt．栓，系)

    They tied with the visiting team in the game．(vi．打成平手)

 2．undertake(熟义：v．承担；从事)   

    I can't undertake that you will make a profit．(v．承诺；允诺；答应)

    3．vain(熟义：adj．徒然的；徒劳的；无结果的)

    She is vain of her beauty．(adj．自负的；自视过高的)                           

4．walk(熟义：v．&n．行走；步行)

    This society welcomes people from all walks 0f life．(n．行业(walk of life))

     He is walking his dog.(vt.溜)

5. wander(熟义：v．漫游；游荡；漫步)

    Don't wander from the point．(v．离开原处或正道)

    Her thoughts wandered back to her youth．(V．走神；神志恍惚；思想开小差)

6．wear(熟义：vt．穿戴)

     The girl always wears a happy smile．(vt．表露，流露，面带等)

7．will(熟义：modal v．表将来或意愿)

    He showed great strength of will．(n．意志力；意愿)

    Where there is a will,there is a way. (n．意志力；意愿)

I ought to make a will .

a sharp bend in the road急转的 

a sharp rise in crime急剧的，骤然的（变化）

Emma has a sharp tongue (= she often speaks in an unpleasant or unkind way) .

埃玛说话尖刻。

t was very sharp of you to see that!

多义词讲义