专题21 书面表达

【破解高分锦囊】

1.卷面书写很重要。卷面的美观直接影响评分标准。每天练习一张16开高考形式的练字纸，背诵书面表达范文后默写到练字纸上，集中训练3～4周，养成良好的书写习惯后注意保持。字体先摹后临，用0.5以上的中性笔或者钢笔书写。书写时，适当降低占上中格的辅音字母的高度，这样写出来的字母饱满圆润，美观大方。写错了的单词画一条线或两条线，切勿涂抹。

2.背诵积累是硬道理。学英语就是模仿，英语句子是背诵模仿出来的，不是自己创造出来的，因此加强篇章、语段、句式以及衔接词的背诵仿写非常重要。

3.强化限时训练。平日训练时间要少于考场上的写作时间，考试时才能从容不迫。

4.养成修改习惯。养成自我检查的习惯，加强自我检查能力的训练。有些错误学生能自我纠正，因此写完后一定要再次检查。

5.运用写作小技巧。如果词数不够，增加上下过渡强调的万能句式，可以用短语代替单词，学会替换表达。

【方法技巧】

技巧一　词汇高级，“语”众不同

高级词汇就像一颗颗耀眼的明珠，为作文添彩，从而使考生稳拿高分。选词时应注意两点：

1．不“人云亦云”原则

写作时恰当使用其他考生可能想象不到的词汇会给阅卷老师耳目一新的感觉。如

①attract→appeal to吸引

It’s certain that the amazing scenery along the river will appeal to you.

河沿岸美丽的风景肯定会吸引你。

②be active in→get actively involved in积极参与

I will get actively involved in the volunteer work for the 13th National Games to be held in Tianjin.

我将积极参与即将在天津举行的第13届全运会。

③be busy with→be absorbed/engaged in忙于

With the college entrance examination drawing near，I’m engaged in/absorbed in preparing for it.

随着高考的临近，我正忙于准备考试。

④chance→opportunity机会

I wish you could take advantage of this opportunity to learn Chinese traditional culture further.

我希望你能利用这次机会进一步学习中国传统文化。

⑤do well in→have a good command of做得好

(陕西卷满分作文)I have such a good command of English that I’m elected as assistant to my English teacher.

我精通英语被选为英语老师的课代表。

⑥help→lend a helping hand帮助

I wonder if you could lend me a hand to polish my application.

我想知道你是否能帮我润色我的申请信。

2．短语优先原则

短语的意思往往比单个单词的意思更为饱满，因此考生宜利用短语巧妙表达文章的意思。如

①besides→in addition/what’s more另外

In addition，there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot.

另外，著名艺术家会现场表演如何剪纸。

②consider→take...into consideration/account考虑

I would really appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration.

如果您考虑我的请求我将不胜感激。

③many→a large number of许多

I remembered you showed me a large number of photos on the theme the last time you visited our school.

我记得你上次来我们学校时给我看了许多关于这个主题的照片。

④remember→keep/bear in mind记住

What you should keep in mind is that you have to apply for membership before the deadline.

记住在截止日期前申请会员资格。

⑤understand→have a better understanding of理解

nly through the activity can you have a better understanding of the Chinese traditional culture.

只有通过这个活动你才能理解这个节日。

⑥very→more than非常

I’m more than delighted to receive your letter and know you’re coming to China.

收到你的信，知道你要来中国我很开心。

技巧二　句式生动，文采卓然

书面表达中的句子如果都是简单句一定得不了高分，精彩句式的合理使用会使文章读起来抑扬顿挫。因此应多使用一些高级句式和复合句，让句子“靓”起来。

1．陈述不如倒装妙

倒装句是一种简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。开头用否定词、地点状语、only＋状语，so＋形容词/副词＋that，形容词＋as＋主语……

So diligent are you that I’m more than delighted to teach you.

你这么勤奋我很乐意教你。

2．强调省略很精彩

强调句可以突出强调某一部分内容，吸引读者的注意，而省略句可以使句子更简洁、明快。

(福建卷满分作文)It is the sprit that the story conveys that really matters.

这个故事所传递的精神最为重要。

As scheduled，an art exhibition will be held next Sunday in the local museum.

按照计划，下周日将在当地博物馆举行艺术展。

3．主动不如被动巧

被动语态符合英语表达习惯，如在文章中利用两个被动语态的句子，会使整篇文章句式丰富。

Your timely help will be very much appreciated by me.

我会非常感激你及时的帮助。

4．分词结构不可少

To get admitted，I have made good preparations，trying to know as much as I could about my city.

为了被录取，我做了充分准备，努力深入了解天津。

5．虚拟语气最委婉

虚拟语气在写作中的使用可以使表达更委婉，更吸引阅卷老师的注意力。

Without your kindness and generosity，I would not have enjoyed myself so much when visiting England.

没有你的善良和慷慨，在英国旅行时我就不会玩得这么开心。

6．各类从句添亮点

(陕西卷满分作文)You mentioned you’d like to teach English in return，which is exactly what I’m dying for.(定语从句和名词性从句)

你提到作为回报你可以教英语，这是我一直期望的。

My advice is that you should take this opportunity to participate in our school team.(名词性从句)

我建议你利用这次机会加入我们校队。

技巧三　过渡巧妙，完美文章

过渡词语就像纽带一样把文章紧紧连接起来，更像润滑剂，使文章衔接流畅。

1．文章或段落起始常用的过渡词语

to begin with(首先)，first of all(第一，首先)，in the first place(首先)，as you know(如你所知)，as is known to all (众所周知)，as is shown in(正如……展示的那样)

2．文章或段落结尾常用的过渡词语

therefore/thus(因此)，in conclusion(总之，最后)，in brief(简言之)，to sum up(总而言之)，in a word(总之)，generally speaking(总体上讲)，on the whole(总的说来)

3．常用的表示先后次序的过渡词语

first(第一)，second(第二)，next(其次，然后)，last but not least(最后但同样重要)，after that(之后)，eventually(最后，最终)，since then(从那以后)，afterwards(以后，后来)，meanwhile(同时)，immediately(立刻)，finally(最后，最终)

强烈推荐以下组合

适用于两点的情况：on the one hand，on the other hand；for one thing，for another。

适用于三点或以上的情况：to begin with，then，furthermore，finally；to start with，next，in addition，last but not least；most important of all，moreover，finally。

4．常用的表示因果关系的过渡词语

accordingly/consequently(因此，所以)，for this reason(由于这个原因)，as a result of(作为……结果)，in this way(这样)，due to/thanks to(由于……)，therefore/thus(因此)，because of(由于)

5．常用的表示比较和对比的过渡词语

in contrast with(与……相比)，similarly(同样)，on the contrary(相反)，different from(与……不同)，on the other hand(另一方面)

6．常用的表示举例的过渡词语

a case in point(恰当的例子)，that is to say(也就是说)，for instance/example(例如)

7．常用的表示强调的过渡词语

furthermore/moreover(而且)，besides(此外)，in fact(实际上)，also(而且，也)，indeed(的确)，in particular(尤其，特别)，naturally(当然)

【题型示例】

题型一 书信邮件类

【题型特点】

1.书信和电子邮件是全国卷书面表达最热门的考查形式

2.常考类型：邀请信、道歉信、询问信、建议信、求助信、约稿信、申请信等

9组不可不记的书信类万用句式

1．道歉信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①I’m writing to apologize for.../I am writing to say sorry for...

我写这封信是因……道歉。

②I am writing to express/convey my heartfelt apology to you.

我写信向你表达真切的歉意。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

③I am sorry for my not being able to attend your party due to the fact that...

我非常抱歉不能参加晚会是因为……

④The reason why I fail to show up is that I have something urgent to attend to.

我未能出现的原因是我有急事要处理。

(2)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑤I sincerely hope you can understand my situation/think in my position and accept my apologies.

我真心希望你能理解我的处境/设身处地地为我考虑，并接受我的道歉。

⑥Once again，I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused.

对于造成的不便我再次表示歉意。

2．求助信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①I’m writing to you to ask whether you could do me a favor.

我写信是想问您能否帮助我。

②I’m sorry to bother you，but I have some difficulties here and I need your help.

很抱歉打扰您，但我有些困难需要得到您的帮助。

③I have some difficulty in doing...which bothers me a lot.

So I have no choice but to turn to you for help.

我在做……方面有困难，这很困扰我。所以我别无选择只能向您求助。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

④I can’t concentrate on my lessons these days，and I failed in the last exam，which worries me a lot.

这些日子我不能专心学习，上次考试我没有及格，这使我很着急。

⑤Facing/Faced with so many difficulties，I have to turn to you for help.

面对如此多的问题，我不得不向您求助。

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑥I will be very grateful if you could help me.../I would appreciate it if you could do me a favor and...

如果您能帮助我……我会非常感激。

⑦I’d appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration/account.

如果您能考虑我的请求，我将不胜感激。

3．感谢信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①I’m extremely grateful/thankful to you for your unselfish assistance during...

感谢你在……期间给予我无私的帮助。

②I’m writing to convey/express my gratitude for your kind/generous help during...

我写信感谢您在……期间对我友好/慷慨的帮助。

③I would like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation for your timely help and assistance.

我想，借此机会表达对您给予我们及时的帮助和支持的感谢。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

④Many thanks for all the things you have done in helping us to...

非常感谢您为帮助我们……所做的一切。

⑤Thanks to your generous/selfless/kind help，without which I wouldn’t have made such great progress.

多亏你慷慨的/无私的/友好的帮助，没有你的帮助，我就不会取得这么大的进步。

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑥It was kind and generous of you to do this for me，and I appreciate it more than I can say.

你对我如此慷慨，我真是感激不尽。

⑦I wish there were a better word than“thanks”to express my appreciation for your generous help.

任何语言都不能表达我的真挚谢意。

⑧I will be more than pleased if I have the opportunity to repay your kindness by...

如果我有机会通过……报答你的好意，我会非常高兴。

4．建议信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①I have learned that you have some trouble in...and I would like to give/offer you the following suggestions.

我知道你在……方面有困难，因此我想给你提如下一些建议。

②You’ve asked me for advice with regard to/regarding...and I’ll try to make some useful/helpful/practical suggestions here.

关于……你向我征求建议，在此，我尽量提出一些有用的/有帮助的/实用的建议。

③When it comes to/As for...，the following are my suggestions./My suggestions are as follows.

当涉及/关于……，我的建议如下。

④I’m writing to give you some suggestions/give you a hand.

我写这封信的目的是给你一些建议/帮助。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

⑤In my opinion/As far as I’m concerned/Personally，it would be wise to take the following action.

在我看来，采取如下行动是明智的。

⑥When it comes to/As for...，I would like to suggest/advise/recommend you should...

当涉及/关于……，我建议你应该……

⑦I think it would be of great benefit/very beneficial if you...

我认为如果……，将会受益。

⑧Doing...is a good/great/better choice.

做……是一个好的/棒的/更好的选择。

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑨I will be glad if you will take my advice/suggestions into consideration.

如果你能考虑我的建议我将非常高兴。

⑩I hope you will find my suggestions/advice helpful/useful/practical/beneficial.

我希望你认为我的建议有帮助/有用/实用/有益。

5．邀请信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①It’s my pleasure/a great honour for me to invite you to join us.

非常荣幸地邀请你加入我们。

②I wonder if I/we have the honor to invite you to the party.

我想知道我/我们是否能有幸邀请你参加派对。

③I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.

我想邀请您一起去参观……

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

④We are having/planning...On...(date)and we feel it would be a great idea if you can join us.

我们定于……(日期)……(活动)，如果你能来参加就太好了。

⑤The following are some details about.../Here are some details about.../Some details about...are as follows.

……的细节如下。

⑥To begin with，we will...Besides，there will be a number of/various activities such as...which will...

首先，我们将……，此外，将会有许多活动，例如……这将……

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑦I do hope you will accept our/my invitation if it is convenient to you.

我真心希望你方便的话能接受我们/我的邀请。

⑧We/I would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your early/earliest convenience.

如果你能尽早在你方便时确认参加，我们/我将不胜感激。

6．咨询信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①I have seen your advertisement and I’d like to know something more about your six－week English course.

我看了你们的广告，我想更多地了解……

②I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding/concerning...

我写信想看看你是否能提供一些关于……的具体信息。

③I am...I wonder if you could provide some specific information about...

我是……我想知道你是否能提供一些关于……的具体信息。

④I wonder/am wondering if you could/would let me know something about...

不知道你是否能够告知有关……的情况。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

⑤I would like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.

我想知道……是否……

⑥Another point I am not certain about is...

我还不确定的另外一点是……

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑦Could you be so kind as to send me some...on the above mentioned aspects？

能否针对上述问题寄些相关的……给我？

⑧Thank you for your kindness，and your timely attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.

谢谢你的善意，对于你对这封信的及时关注我将不胜感激。

7．活动介绍信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①I feel delighted that you are so interested in...(活动)，so I’m writing to give you a brief introduction of it.

我很高兴你对……很感兴趣，所以我写信向你简要介绍一下它的情况。

②I feel greatly honored to be asked to contact you，informing you of our arrangements.

我感到很荣幸受委托与您联系，告知您我们的安排。

③In reply to your letter about the activity，I would like to inform you of some details about it.

你来信中提到了活动，我想告知你该活动的一些细节。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

④Aimed at promoting/improving/providing...，the activity is to be held/was held...(时间).

致力于促进/改善/提供……，活动将于/于……(时间)举行。

⑤The...(活动)will be scheduled to start on...(具体日期).

活动安排在……(具体日期)开始。

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑥Not only does the activity broaden my horizons but also inspires me to work harder.

活动不仅让我大开眼界而且激励我更加努力。

⑦Through the activity，we’ve realized the importance of...

通过活动，我们意识到……的重要性。

⑧The activity offered us a chance to...and helped us learn...

活动给我们提供了一个……的机会，并帮助我们学会……

8．投诉信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①I’m writing to make a complaint about your standard service.

我写信是为了投诉……。

②I’m...a customer who bought...from your website several days ago.I am writing to you to complain about...

我是……你们的一位顾客，几天前我从你们的网站上购买了……我写信向你投诉……

③I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at your unfriendly attitude to customers.

我写信表达我对你们对顾客不友好的态度的不满。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

④To improve the situation，it is advisable for you to take the following measures.

为了改进这种情况，建议你采取以下措施。

⑤I do hope that someone will take effective measures to deal with this matter.

我真的希望有人能采取有效措施解决这个问题。

⑥I sincerely hope you can better your service and that mistake won’t arise again in the future.

我真诚希望你能改进你们的服务并且此类错误将来不会再出现。

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑦I would appreciate it if you could give due attention to this matter.

如果你能对此事给予足够的重视，我将非常感谢。

⑧I am really annoyed about it.I trust/have great faith that you will take my complaints seriously.

我对这件事真的很恼火。我相信你会认真对待我的投诉。

9．求职/申请信

(1)吸引阅卷人开头句

①Learning from...that you are looking for a(n)...，I would like to apply for the position.

从……那儿得知您需要一名……，我想申请这个职位。

②I saw your advertisement on the Internet/in the newspaper and I show great interest in...

我看见你们在网上/报纸上登的广告而且我对……极感兴趣。

③I’m writing to request a valuable chance to be...The following are my advantages.

我写信申请……的宝贵机会。以下是我的优势。

(2)吸引阅卷人篇中句

④I have teamwork spirit and can get on well with other people.

我有团队精神，善于和别人相处。

⑤Not only am I good at...but also I am experienced in...

我不仅擅长……而且在……方面有经验。

⑥I have been working in...since...，and have therefore gained rich knowledge and experience in this field.

自从……后，我一直从事……，因此获得了与这个领域相关的知识和经验。

(3)吸引阅卷人结尾句

⑦I am sure I will do it well if you give me the chance to be a member of your company.

如果您给我一个机会成为公司的一员的话，我相信自己会做得很好。

⑧I would greatly appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.

如果你能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。

例1.(2018·全国Ⅰ)

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1．到达时间；

2．合适的礼物；

3．餐桌礼仪。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________

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【答案】Dear Terry,

How are you doing? Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs, I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.

Firstly, I would like to suggest that you arrive 5 to 10 minutes earlier, which is common in Chinese traditional culture. Secondly, if I were you, I would bring some gifts with me, such as souvenirs from my own country. Besides, table manners are also what you should pay attention to. For example, you are not supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. Instead, laying them on your dish is a smart choice.

Hopefully, these suggestions will be helpful for you.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

【举一反三】【2018·全国III】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：

1. 学校的体育场馆；

2. 主要的运动项目；

3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：1. 词数100左右：

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________________________

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【答案】Dear Peter,

I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch.

To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.

All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.

Yours,

Li Hua

【举一反三】【2018·北京】假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

(1) 表示欢迎；

(2) 推荐他上哪所大学；

(3) 建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：(1). 词数不少于50；

(2). 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【答案】Dear Jim,

I’m so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.

Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance is needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.

I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes. If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.

Yours,

Li Hua

【变式探究】(2017·全国Ⅱ)

假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper－cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1．展览时间、地点；

2．展览内容。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________

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【答案】

Dear Henry，

I am writing to invite you to attend the Chinese paper－cutting art exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm next Sunday in our city center.

Paper－cutting is a traditional art form in China，which has a history of more than 1,500 years. People often beautify their home with paper－cutting during festivals and weddings. In this exhibition，you can see paper－cutting with all kinds of patterns. In addition，there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot. I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

题型二 通知、留言、演讲稿

一、通知

高考中的通知通常有两种：一种是以布告的形式把事情通知给有关人员；另一种是以书信形式把相关事情传达给有关人员。写通知类书面表达时一般要注意：

1．通知正文上面正中的地方往往有Notice(或NOTICE)一词。

2．发出通知的人或单位的名称一般写在右下角。

3．主要时态一般为将来时。

书面通知中的常用表达：

1．All are requested to...

通知要求所有人……

2．Every one of you is expected to be part of the event.

每个人都要参加这个活动。

3．An exciting event...is around the corner.

最近要开展一项精彩的……活动。

4．Have an active part in it，and wish you good luck！

快来积极参加吧，祝你们好运！

5．Come on，everybody！It’s your show time！

大家快来吧！展示你们自己的时间到了！

二、演讲稿

演讲稿包括发言稿、致辞等。发言稿总是以第一人称的口吻写，开头往往有称呼语，如“Boys and girls”，“Ladies and gentlemen”，或问候语，如“Hello！”“Good afternoon/morning！”等。致辞一般开头要有称呼语。最后要以“Thank you”来致谢。致辞的常见开头：

1．欢迎辞：

(1)It’s my special pleasure to welcome...

特别高兴地欢迎……

(2)It’s really an honor for me to give a speech here.

在此发表演讲很荣幸。

2．欢送辞：

(1)We enjoyed every minute you spent with us.

我们和你在一起的每一分钟很开心。

(2)Time flies and we have to say goodbye because you...soon.

时间飞逝，我们不得不道别，因为你很快……

考生在写作时要能够使文章内容完整、要点齐全，要用具有感染力和号召力的语言。

三、留言

留言包括留言条，请假条等，可以是书面的，也可以以微信、短信的形式发给接收者。

1．2个特点

(1)留言条一般是在比较熟悉的人之间使用，因此称呼、署名比较随便。

(2)正文内容应简明扼要，要尽量避免语法结构很复杂的句子。

2．4个技巧

(1)审题到位：根据题目要求弄清人称、时态，及相关事件。

(2)要点清楚：用相关的词或短语完整地列出要点。

(3)连词成句：注意英语的习惯表达，根据提纲扩展句子。

必要时适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。

(4)组句成篇：注意语气并使用适当的过渡词。

例2、(2018·全国Ⅱ)

你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together，内容包括：

1．短片内容：学校的发展；

2．放映时间、地点；

3．欢迎对短片提出意见。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________

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【答案】

An English short film， called Growing Together， will be shown in the school hall at 7：30 pm. Everyone is welcome to watch the film. It tells about the development of our school.

The film is believed to be instructive and full of emotion.It tells the story of a school growing up， from small to large，from weak to strong. After the film， each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are welcome to make comments and express their views about the film.

We will witness the glory of our school， and we are growing together.

The Students’ Union

【变式探究】假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。

(1)回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面)；

(2)谈谈收获或感想；

(3)表达祝愿与期望。

注意：

(1)词数不少于100；

(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；

(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear friends，

How time flies！_________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you.

【答案】

Dear_friends，

How_time_flies！Two weeks have passed since you came to our school for the exchange program，which we all have benefited from.

During these two weeks，we have studied and lived together，which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship. Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better. Your art skills are excellent and admirable，which leaves me a deep impression. I think all our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities.

Now，on behalf of my schoolmates，I wish you a safe return.I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future.

Thank_you.

【变式探究】假如你是中学生李华，你市正在创建文明城市，请以“Changes I have seen”为题发表演讲，呼吁大家为“创建文明城市”做贡献。

要点：1.分享你看到的变化(如交通志愿者)；

2．你的呼吁。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可适当增减细节，以使行文连贯；

3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：文明城市civilized city

Good morning，everyone！

It’s a great honor for me__________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________

Thank you for listening.

【答案】

Good_morning，_everyone！

It’s_a_great_honor_for_me to talk about some changes I’ve witnessed in the process of creating a civilized city. What has impressed me most is the traffic.We often saw pedestrians jump the red light. But now many volunteers stand at the crossroads，reminding the pedestrians to obey the traffic regulations. Of course，as educated citizens，we can do more to help our city to be more civilized，such as arousing the public’s traffic awareness and helping more people to become more self－disciplined.

Just as the saying goes，“Individuals together can make a difference.”I believe our city will become more civilized and harmonious through our joint efforts. So I’m here to appeal to everyone to do your bit for our city. Only in this way will our city take on a new look and become a better place to live in.

Thank_you_for_listening！

【变式探究】假如你是一所国际中学的学生会主席，你校将要举行为期两周的中学生夏令营(8月1日至14日)，旨在增进学生对不同国家文化的了解。请你以学生会的名义拟一则通知。

内容包括：1. 活动介绍；

2. 报名要求(英语水平；沟通能力；……)；

3. 报名时间：2017年5月10日至17日；

4. 报名地点：学生会。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2. 通知格式已给出，不计入总词数；

3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

NOTICE

________________________________________________________________________

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The Students’ Union

【答案】

NOTICE

Our school will hold a summer camp. It will begin on August 1st，lasting two weeks. The camp aims to help students have a better understanding of various cultures from different countries. Here are some requirements.

You are expected to have a great ability to communicate with others. Of course，a good command of English is absolutely an advantage. Above all，you should behave well and get along well with others.

If you are interested，you can sign up for it at Students’ Union from May 10 to May 17. Welcome all those who meet these requirements and are eager to take part in this program.

The Students’ Union

【举一反三】假定你是李华。英国姊妹学校将来你校进行文化交流，你将作为学生代表在欢迎仪式上发言。请用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括：

1．表示欢迎；

2．介绍一项中国传统文化；

3．表达祝愿。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【答案】

Good morning，everyone！ My name is Li Hua and it’s my great pleasure to welcome our guests from our UK sister school.①It’s exciting to meet so many new friends.

As this is a cultural exchange program，I’d like to talk briefly about Chinese traditional culture，specifically Chinese painting. Traditional Chinese painting known as “guo hua”，is an enduring art form with a 2,000－year－long history.②In contrast to western oil painting，it’s usually done on Chinese art paper(宣纸) or thin silk，using various brushes and black or colored ink. With subjects ranging from landscapes to flora and fauna(动植物)，these paintings not only reflect the Chinese conception of artistic beauty but also embody the principles of Chinese philosophical thinking. ③We’re planning several visits to our city’s art galleries so you can see for yourself.

I hope you’ll have a fantastic time during your stay with us and enjoy the activities we have organized.

Thank you.

题型三 记叙、说明和议论文

一、记叙文

1．命题特点

记人叙事是高考书面表达常见的考查方式，侧重考查人物介绍、事物描述或事件的发展。

2．2个注意点

(1)记人类记叙文：①根据题干所给的提示信息来写，不得随意增添或遗漏要点；②根据写作主题突出人物的性格或经历等重要信息，切忌要点堆砌，中心不明。

(2)叙事类记叙文：①理清事件发生的时间、地点、人物、起因、经过及结果，确定表达要点：②注意表达的完整性，同时注意上下文的衔接。

二、说明文

1．命题特点

说明文的主要命题形式为提纲式作文，兼顾考查图画式和提纲式作文。

2．4个注意点

(1)准确把握说明对象。根据写作目的和要求，抓住人或事物的主要特点，写作时做到有的放矢。

(2)说明过程要层次分明，条理清晰，内容连贯。

(3)语言力求简洁贴切，通俗易懂。

(4)通常用第三人称，时态以一般现在时为主。

三、议论文

1．命题特点

(1)内容贴近中学生的生活实际，话题主要涉及对常见问题的观点态度及解决方法。

(2)强调“以理服人，以理取胜”，逻辑推理性强。

(3)考查中学生的判断是非的能力、逻辑思维能力和解决问题的能力。

2．4个“要点”

(1)要理清题意。认真阅读题干，分清楚要写作的是说理议论型、说明利弊型还是解决问题型的议论文。

(2)要提炼观点。根据试题要求，先表达自己的观点和态度。

(3)要充分论证。根据自己的观点列出相关理由，要注意思维逻辑和行文逻辑，必要时举例说明。所举的例子要与观点和态度一致。在文章的最后要再次强调自己的观点。

(4)要注意语言、语言要地道、丰富，根据需要可以运用凸显文章层次结构的表达。

例3、(2018·北京)

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

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【答案】

Last week，a group of international students visited our school.To help them better understand our tea－drinking culture，we took them to the tea room in our school，where I introduced the history of tea－making and different kinds of tea and so on.All the international students were quite interested in my introduction.

Then I showed them how to make tea.I sat at a table，explaining every step of the process while making tea.All of them were amazed.They couldn’t wait to have a try for themselves.

Soon the tea room became lively with every international student trying to make their own tea.We had a lot of fun，practicing，and enjoying the tea.

In the end，we took a group photo，with cups or tea in our hands，to record this unforgettable experience.

【变式探究】 (2018·江苏)

请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。

【写作内容】

1．用约30个词概括上述利用排名(ratings)进行消费的现象；

2．谈谈你如何看待消费排名，然后用2—3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。

【写作要求】

1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3．不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

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【答案】

As a major channel of consumption information，the rating is an efficient source of information for shopping in our own consumption.Interestingly，the same rating may have different influences on different consumers.

I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase.Firstly，the higher rating means the higher quality of the product，or better service.Based on the ratings，I bought my beloved backpack，saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.Secondly，ratings can save time to make decisions in shopping.For example，there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.In that case，it is both convenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings.

There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often closely related.It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards ratings.

Possible version two：

Nowadays，most commodities or services are rated through certain channels.These ratings，easy to access，are playing an increasingly important role in customers’ purchase decision.However，results are sometimes unsatisfactory.

There is no denying that such ratings might bring convenience to consumers，but they are often misleading and unreliable.As we all know，most of the ratings are based on others’ judgment on the product or service concerned.Every judgment comes from a specific need or a unique psychological state.Apparently，blindly following others’ advice will affect our own judgment.Another fact should not be neglected that some of the ratings are the outcome of a careful manipulation of companies or sellers.It has become a common practice for some to pay for good ratings on their products or services so as to increase their sales.

Therefore，we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we go shopping.

【变式探究】假设你是李华，你的英国笔友George最近发来邮件与你讨论中学生如何度周末的问题。请根据如下内容提示，给George回复一封邮件。

1．简单介绍你同学度周末的方式；

2．描述你周末参加的一次社会实践活动及感受。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【答案】

Dear George，

I’m so glad to discuss with you how we students spend the weekend. In actual fact，different students have different ways of killing the time. For example，some of my classmates do sports，and some listen to music to relax.

As for me，my weekend time is always interesting. Sometimes I spend my weekends helping my parents do housework. Sometimes I do social practice with my classmates. Last weekend，we went to the railway station to do volunteer work. I did some cleaning to help protect the environment. I feel such experiences are meaningful，which can help us learn to work for the good of society.

How do you spend your weekends？

Yours

Li Hua

【变式探究】假如你是李华，最近发现你所住的小区内增设了旧物捐赠箱(a donation box)，居民可以把自己的旧衣物、废弃的书包、报纸、书本等投放其中。请你给本校英文报投稿，内容包括：

1．介绍旧物捐赠箱；

2．发表你的看法。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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【答案】

Dear Editor，

I’m Li Hua. ①Recently I found a donation box in my neighborhood.②People come to it when they have old clothes，bags，newspapers and books to donate.

This box，I think，is of great significance. Take me as an example，I outgrow my clothes so rapidly.③I’ve got no idea about how to deal with the clothes which are really new and still in good condition. However，with this donation box，I can donate them to help those people in need.

In a word，I do think it is a good idea that can light up our life and make the world a better place to live in.

Yours，

Li Hua

2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破专题21书面表达教学案