2018年第一次全国大联考【新课标II卷】

英语试题

（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4. 作图可先用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.

答案是 C。

1. When is the man’s plane?

A. At 11:00 a.m. B. At 1:00 p.m. C. At 11:30 a.m.

2. What does the man mean?

A. Magritte is inexperienced.

B. Magritte deserves the promotion.

C. Magritte’s managed the group well.

3. What does the woman most probably want to buy?

A. Jewels. B. Shoes. C. A bag.

4. Which sport will the boy play on Wednesdays?

A. Basketball. B. Football. C. Tennis.

5. Why has the man come to Seville?

A. To attend a meeting.

B. To visit some exhibitions.

C. To find a place for a conference.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the man’s attitude towards the woman’s suggestion?

A. He doesn’t agree. B. He supports it. C. He is puzzled.

7. What does the man suggest doing this weekend?

A. Visiting a museum. B. Taking a trip to a village. C. Swimming in a sports center.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. When will the man give a presentation?

A. In February. B. In March. C. In November.

9. How does the woman feel about her presentation?

A. Nervous. B. Satisfied. C. Confident.

10. What do we know about the speakers?

A. They are familiar with each other.

B. They met in San Francisco last year.

C. They will host the conference together.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. Why does the woman call the man?

A. To ask about a flight. B. To cancel a flight. C. To book a flight.

12. How soon will the man offer more information?

A. In about one hour. B. In about two hours. C. In about three hours.

13. What will the woman most probably do?

A. Wait for a call. B. Meet her colleague. C. Call again later.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. The woman’s travel plan. B. The man’s favorite city. C. The man’s travel experience.

15. What is the weather like in the U.K. now?

A. Warm. B. Cold. C. Hot.

16. What does the man like doing when he is back in Sydney?

A. Walking around the Rocks.

B. Going to cafés and restaurants.

C. Watching the crowds passing by.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Why did Jarvis start his blog?

A. To make complaints. B. To promote his products. C. To record his daily events.

18. When did Jarvis receive an apology?

A. When he started his blog.

B. When his blog drew the public’s attention.

C. When he wrote to the Chief Marketing Officer.

19. What does the speaker remind bloggers to do?

A. Describe things in a direct way.

B. Deal with their comments with caution.

C. Avoid demanding money from companies.

20. What did the Dutch Royal Shell Group do?

A. It recalled its products.

B. It put much pressure on employees.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

What’s on in Beijing (Sept 2—8)

Taking the baton(指挥棒)

You may know Li Yundi as one of the leading Chinese pianists, but he is about to take on another role. The pianist will pick up the baton for the first time, leading the Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra for a five-city tour in China, which started in Chongqing on Aug. 29, followed by Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Beijing and Shanghai through September.

If you go: 7:30 pm, Sept. 3. Concert Hall, National Center for the Performing Arts. 010-6655-0000.

Ticket: 300—1,380 yuan ($45—200)

Dutch masters exhibition is closing

An exhibition showcasing masterpieces of the 17th century Dutch Golden Age will come to an end during the weekend. The 17th century Dutch Golden Age had several significant artists and a range of great pieces produced during the period, including Jan Vermeer’s A Young Woman Seated at a Virginal, Jan Lievens’ Boy in a Cape, and Turban and Rembrandt’s Self-Portrait with Shaded Eyes. It is the first time some of the most refined examples of the time have been shown in China.

If you go: 9 am—5 pm, through Sept. 3 (closed on Mondays). National Museum of China. 010-6400-1476.

Ticket: 50 yuan

When art is a party

Beijing-born artist Zhao Bandi says he uses a party as a metaphor for society. The 51-year-old adds that at a party he is able to observe what is happening and keep some distance from it. His exhibition, Zhao Bandi: China Party, is now being held at the 798 area in Beijing.

If you go: 10 am—7 pm, closed on Mondays, through Oct. 22. UCCA, 798 Art Zone, Jiuxianqiao, Chaoyang District, Beijing. 010-5780-0200.

Ticket: 30—50 yuan

Gintama

Adapted from the popular manga(漫画) series, Gintama, the Japanese action-comedy film of the same name hits screens in the Chinese mainland today.

Click here to learn more.

21. When mightTaking the baton be on in Shenzhen?

A. On Aug. 29. B. On Sept. 1. C. On Sept. 3. D. On Oct. 1.

22. If you are fond of the 17th century art works, where can you go to enjoy one?

A. On a website.

B. In the National Museum of China.

C. In the National Center for the Performing Arts.

D. In UCCA, 798 Art Zone, Jiuxianqiao, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

23. Which of the following is on in Beijing when the article is published?

A.Taking the baton. B. Dutch masters exhibition is closing.

C. When art is a party. D. Gintama.

24. If you are free on a Monday after Sept. 3, you’d better consult more____________.

A. by dialing 010-6655-0000 B. by dialing 010-6400-1476

C. by dialing 010-5780-0200 D. by clicking the link on its website

B

When Michael Phelps announced his retirement at the 2016 Rio Olympics he really had no intention of swimming competitively again. However, that changed when he was approached by the DiscoveryChannel to help kick off Shark Week with a race against one of the world’s fastest predators(捕猎者) — a great white!

To prepare for the big event, Phelps, having won 28 Olympic medals, practiced by racing against a reef and a hammerhead shark(锤头鲨) — both computer generated. While the swimmer’s time of 18.7 seconds was enough to beat the reef shark by 0.2 seconds, he fell behind the hammerhead, which completed the 50-meter distance in 15.1 seconds.

On July 23 at 7:00 pm,over five million viewers, including swimming fans, shark fans, Phelps fans tuned in to watch the highly expected Phelps vs Shark. To compete effectively against the fish that can swim at speeds of up to 25 mph, Phelps wore a custom wetsuit(潜水服). It was not only designed to reduce drag, but also featured a fin to mimic the shark’s powerful tail.

While television viewers saw the competitors swimming side by side, Phelps raced by himself in the cold Atlantic waters. The DiscoveryChannel film crew then inserted his computer-generated opponent simulating a real shark’s speed.

Though Phelps managed to complete the distance in an impressive 38.1 seconds, he was no match for the great shark, which clocked 36.1 seconds. Like a true champion, the fish celebrated the victory by leaping out of the water. Phelps, meanwhile, took the loss in good humor, tweeting: ＂Rematch? Next time...warmer water.＂

Some fans were disappointed that Phelps did not race a live shark in the ocean, although that would have been dangerous for the swimmer. Given that it was the highest-rated Shark Week special in the program’s 29-year history, they surely succeeded.

25. Why did the DiscoveryChannel invite Phelps to race against a great white?

A. To warn people not to harm sharks.

B. To encourage Phelps to swim competitively again.

C. To prove the white shark swims fastest in the world.

D. To make its program receive more attention from the audience.

26. According to the text, which of the following swam slowest?

A. The reef shark. B. Michael Phelps.

C. The hammerhead shark. D. The great white shark.

27. What can we learn from the text?

A. Phelps thinks he lost the match because of cold water.

B. Many people watched the race side by side on the Atlantic coast.

C. The real great white shark leapt out of the water to celebrate its success.

D. Fans thought Phelps and a real great white shark would be swimming next to each other.

28. What’s the best title for the text?

A. Phelps Swims Again B. Kicking off Shark Week

C. Phelps Races a Great White Shark D. The World’s Fastest Predators: a Great White Shark

C

Do you really know who you are? This is not a trick question but rather an honest understanding into the inner workings of each one of us. We usually share with our friends a piece of who we are, the piece that we want them to like or connect with. However, there is a secret, a hidden piece that doesn’t want to be noticed by others.

Our personal inner beliefs play a vital role in the way we think, act and live. They set us up to accept a belief and then it is the belief that parts our personal stories. There are numerous people who have taken on the pain and suffering of their parents. Some have devoted their lives to living with lack; that is lack of love because they saw what they thought was love when ignored in the crib(婴儿床) and it frightened them. Subconsciously(潜意识地) they made great efforts in their lives to avoid a similar experience.

The point is that each one of us carries around with us our inner beliefs. If one of your beliefs is one that causes you to hold back from getting the perfect job or blocking love to come to you, that belief is a negative belief and one that needs to be dealt with if you are seeking a life of joy, contentment and personal success, whether it is emotional, spiritual, financial or physical.

Do not let your blocked or frozen emotions guide the way you want to lead your life. Now it is your time to finally become victorious over those past situations that have upset you during your entire life and become the winner you were born to be.

29. What can we infer from the second paragraph?

A. Our love shouldn’t be hidden. B. The author lacks love when in the crib.

C. Our inner beliefs make us what we are. D. Most inner beliefs make us sad and painful.

30. What does the underlined word ＂it＂ in the third paragraph refer to?

A. The lack of love. B. The negative belief.

C. The past painful experience. D. The life of joy, contentment and success.

31. What does the author advise us to do with negative inner beliefs?

A. To ignore inner negative beliefs. B. To deal with our negative inner beliefs wisely.

C. To share our negative inner beliefs with others. D. To find out the reasons for negative inner beliefs.

D

Why elephants rarely get cancer is a mystery that has confused scientists for decades. A study led by researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute(HCI), at the University of Utah and Arizona State University may have found the answer.

According to the results, elephants have 38 additional modified copies of a gene that encodes p53, a well-defined tumor suppressor(肿瘤抑制基因), as compared to humans, who have only two. Further, elephants may have a more powerful mechanism for killing damaged cells that are at risk for becoming cancerous. In isolated elephant cells, this activity is doubled compared to healthy human cells, and five times that of cells from patients with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome, who have only one working copy of p53 and more than a 90 percent lifetime cancer risk in children and adults. The results suggest extra p53 could explain elephants’ increased resistance to cancer.

＂Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer. It’s up to us to learn how different animals overcome the problem so we can adapt those strategies to prevent cancer in people,＂says co-senior author Joshua Schiffman, M.D., pediatric oncologist(儿科肿瘤医生) at Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine.

But Prof Mel Greaves, from the Institute of Cancer Research in London, says we should focus on why humans have such high levels of cancer. He pointed to the rise of unhealthy, cancer-causing behaviours, such as obesity and sunbathing. ＂You’ve never seen an elephant smoke!＂ he added.

According to Schiffman, elephants have long been considered a walking problem. Because they have 100 times as many cells as people, they should be 100 times more likely to have a cell slip into a cancerous state and cause the disease over their long life span of 50 to 70 years. And yet analysis of a large database of elephant deaths estimates a cancer death rate of less than 5 percent compared to 11 to 25 percent in people.

32. Why are elephants less likely to get cancer than humans?

A. Elephants are bigger than humans. B. Elephants have more p53 genes than humans.

C. Elephants are not as clever as humans. D. Elephants eat more than humans.

33. What can we learn from the text?

A. More p53 genes contribute to resisting cancer.

B. Elephants have less damaged cells in their bodies.

C. A healthy human has only one working copy of p53.

D. Patients with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome must get cancer in their lifetime.

34. What’s Prof Mel Greaves’ attitude towards the discovery?

A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Critical. D. Favorable.

35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Elephants have longer life than people.

B. There is no chance that elephants die from cancer.

C. The rate of elephants dying from cancer is increasing.

D. It was thought that elephants could get cancer more easily.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Scientists use a test called Digit Symbol Substitution to assess everything from dementia(痴呆) to brain damage. Hartshorne, the lead author of the study, employed the test in his study of how intelligence changes over time. 36

Most adults are bad at memorizing bits of information without context. A classic example is that you’ll have an easier time remembering a story about someone who bakes than a person with the last name Baker. ____37____ A 2011 study found humans are best at learning new names in our early 20s.

The human brain has a remarkable capacity to identify faces, and scientists are just beginning to learn why. On average, our ability to learn and remember new faces appears to peak shortly after our 30th birthday.

38 Don’t worry. A 2015 study suggests that our ability to sustain attention improves with age, reaching its peak around age 43.

Dating is tough. One of the reasons could be that we’re generally bad at reading other people’s emotions until we reach our late 40s. 39 Performance peaked for people aged around 48.

Ever wonder why you always lose at Scrabble(拼字游戏)? 40 According to people’s scores on multiple-choice vocabulary tests, most of us don’t reach our peak wordsmith(词语大师) abilities until we’re in our late 60s or early 70s.

A. Having trouble focusing?

B. Good news: Your best days may be ahead.

C. Young people don’t appear to be as burdened by this issue, though.

D. He found that participants’ performance generally peaked in their late teens.

E. Participants were asked to describe the emotionthe person in the photo felt.

F. Adults approaching mid-years may have the greatest capacity to remain focused.

G. The results suggest that no matter what your age is, there’s always a new peak on the horizon.

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was a hot summer day. The sun was shining brightly and all I could think of was 41 down with a scoop of my favorite ice cream. I decided to make a quick 42 to the newly opened ice cream parlor(冰淇淋店) close by for a mid-day 43 .

I ordered my ice cream in a fancy cone and asked the server to 44 two tubs of chocolate ice cream for folks at home.

45 I knew it, I was halfway 46 my icy treat and was enjoying the view of the two colorfully prepared ice cream flavors, sitting pretty one next to the 47 .

Now that my to-go order was 48 , I headed to the payment counter to settle the bill. 49 , the cashier(收银员) had forgotten to bill my ice cream, 50 only for the two tubs.

The next few 51 passed by as I debated between doing what was 52 — clearing the bill and moving out, and doing what was right — 53 the error. I knew if I didn’t bring the error in the bill to his 54 , my ice cream would be charged against his 55 .

That moment, my decision was made and I went and told him 56 he had missed.

He looked at me in 57 and thanked me profusely for telling the error. Had it not been for my __58__ telling the error, he would have been fined. The smile of relief on his face made me smile, too.

I came out of the ice cream parlor feeling really 59 about myself. I knew that day how wonderful it feels to do what is right 60 what is easy.

41. A. calming B. breaking C. cooling D. setting

42. A. choice B. trip C. decision D. promise

43. A. meal B. work C. treat D. cure

44. A. sell B. take C. make D. pack

45. A. While B. Although C. Unless D. Before

46. A. through B. up C. over D. across

47. A. another B. other C. one D. others

48. A. ready B. slow C. late D. over

49. A. Satisfyingly B. Disappointingly C. Annoyingly D. Surprisingly

50. A. taking B. spending C. charging D. buying

51. A. days B. weeks C. hours D. seconds

52. A. easy B. ridiculous C. interesting D. right

53. A. referring to B. pointing out C. finding out D. looking into

54. A. mind B. face C. notice D. note

55. A. expenses B. salary C. taxes D. fine

56. A. why B. where C. that D. what

57. A. need B. relief C. disbelief D. anxiety

58. A. honestly B. obviously C. secretly D. incredibly

59. A. good B. fresh C. awesome D. well

60. A. other than B. rather than C. regardless of D. apart from

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Pay-for-knowledge platforms and apps, including Weibo, Fenda and Zhihu Live, 61 allow people to pay money to have their questions answered by professionals or see online answers provided to others, 62 (be) becoming popular in China now.

Wang Sicong, the son of Chinese billionaire Wang Jianlin, was reported 63 (receive) 80,000 yuan for offering a four-Chinese-character answer on a pay-for-knowledge platform.

The price for that question was 64 (origin)5,000 yuan. However, Wang’s answer attracted more than 180,000 Internet users, keen to see the response, who each pay 1 yuan. The income would 65 (share) between the platform, Wang and the question raiser, according to 66 (regulation)set by the platform involved.

Questions about finance and economics, as well as health attract the most people and offer a new way for celebrities(名人) to translate 67 (they)fame into cash.

Prices for celebrity answers also increased with more people 68 (ask)questions online. Yang Lu, the co-founder of Fenda, said the price depended 69 supply and demand. Online celebrities received so many questions that they couldn’t answer them one by one, so the price increased.

In addition, people asking questions could have a share in 70 income if the question attracted a lot of netizens to hear the answer. The model stimulated(刺激) people to ask more questions.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Mrs Smith heard of her new neighbor would come and move into his new house, but she hadn’t seen him. One day when she come back, she saw a man wearing a brown hat and dark glass carrying a ladder. The man put the ladder against the window of the new house but went up to break into the window. Mrs Smith said to her,＂Thief. He is a thief.＂ She called the police immediate and soon two policemen appeared in front of the house. When the man told to hand in what he had stolen, he looked greatly confusing. It was then when he understood the reason why the policemen came. ＂I can’t find my key, and it’s my new house,＂ he said, laugh.

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jim要来中国留学一年，来信咨询你微信这一应用的情况。请你给Jim写封回信，内容包括：

1. 微信的使用情况；

2. 如何下载和使用。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：微信 WeChat 语音信息 voice message 电话号码薄 phone book

好友请求 friend request

Dear Jim,

I’m delighted to hear you will come to China to study for one year. _______________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to seeing you.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

2018年第一次全国大联考新课标II卷英语试题（附解析）