1. Are there any security problems around you? / Have you ever experienced or heard about any stories, even tragedies of insecurity?

2. According to your experience, what damages are being done to the environment?

3. What measures do you think we can take to protect the endangered globe?

4. What should we do when we are exposed to a foreign culture? Give some examples.

5. What are the essential differences between the concepts of individualism and collectivism?

6. What do you think are the things that contribute to a successful marriage?

7. Name some Western and Chinese holidays or festivals that seem to be similarly important, and explain why they are important.

8. It is sometimes claimed that many holidays have been created just to encourage people to spend money. Do you agree?

9. What will you choose between a low-paid job you like and a boring well-paid job?

10. What do you think are important in finding a job? Why or why not?

1.Are there any security problems around you? / Have you ever experienced or heard about any stories, even tragedies of insecurity?

R:Are there any security problems around you?

P :yes,the problems of domestic food safety are appearing constantly,And have your heard problem of old yogurt? 国内食品安全问题不断显现，你听说过问题酸奶吗？

R:YES，According to the report, old yogurt add industrial gelatin ,Industrial gelatin is made from waste leather refining , It contains large amounts of chromium, lead and other heavy metals.

P：How terrible.Now the domestic food security is really bad.Why does food contamination occur frequently these days?

R:Because the food manufactures are so obsessed with making money that they lose the business ethics. They no longer take food safety as their priority.因为食品生产者惟利是图，丧失了商业道德。他们不再把食品安全当作首要问题。

P:Yes.When we choose food, we must remember to check its tag, confirming whether the basic information is marked on it, including ingredients, producer, shelf life and particularly date of manufacture. 选择食品时，我们一定要记住查看标签，确认上面是否标注基本信息，包括配料、生产厂家、保质期，尤其是生产日期

R:yes,you are right.

11. According to your experience, what damages are being done to the environment?

R:According to your experience, what damages are being done to the environment?

P:I think Pollution is the major damage done to the environment . When households and factories dump sewerage and harmful substances into rivers and lakes, water pollution can be serious. Air pollution may worsen as the economy develops. If the smoke from factory chimneys does not meet environmental standards, it pollutes the air. Also, the increasing number of cars brings further deterioration to the quality of the air. The cigarettes people smoke also contribute to the pollution.

R:YES in addtion Littering is also bad for the environment , I have sometimes exprienced that Some people throw away paper, cigarette butts, empty cans or even batteries in public places or in scenic sites. As a result ,our environment was seriously polluted. Now all around us there has rarely the clear water, blue sky and the fresh air.

12. R:What measures do you think we can take to protect the endangered globe?

P: First of all, we should get through the publicity to let everybody have a kind of environmental protection consciousness, and then call on everyone to protect the environment.It is everybody's business.

R: The government should introduce some laws to protect the environment, severely punish those who destroy the environment,Whether organization or individual .

P: Developing new energy to replace the ones which are harmful to the environment, Such as solar energy, heat energy, wind power and so on.

R: In addition, I think we should also protect our friends animal .To work together to maintain the ecological balance .

13. What should we do when we are exposed to a foreign culture? Give some examples.

A: In recent years, western holidays are welcomed by most of the Chinese people. I think this kind of popularity has many advantages. First, through celebrates the western holiday, we may better promote the western culture exchange. We can also learn some western cultures. For example on Thanksgiving, people celebrate the harvest by preparing a large meal. And this helps us to know westerners better.

B:While, the older generation show quiet indifferent attitudes toward foreign festivals. They still prefer traditional Chinese festivals, during which the gathering of family is still greatly emphasized. They regard the young people’s craze about Christmas and Valentine’s Day as deceived by business’ tricks. The money spent on gifts and flowers are, in their eyes, nothing but waste.

14. What are the essential differences between the concepts of individualism and collectivism?

R:We have heard the concepts of individualism and collectivism,and how do you think individualism ?

P:Individualism insists the importance of the individual and holds that an individual’s interests should be placed above the group’s. Individuals are being given opportunities and freedom to develop character, interests, abilities, careers, within the context of individualism.

R: Yes , the collective culture respects and even values the initiatives of each reason. On the other hand, collectivism emphasizes the interests of the group over those of the individual. It is believed that if the group prospers, all its members prosper. If an individual works for the benefit of the group, he or she will benefit as well. Sometimes collectivism requires individuals to sacrifice their short-term interests to the group’s long-term goals. Perhaps we should strike a balance between promoting team spirit and bringing individual initiative into play.

6.What do you think are the things that contribute to a successful marriage?

.The success of a marriage is due to many factors, of which love is obviously the most important one. Other factors, which are not entirely unrelated to love, include shared values and interests, mutual understanding, commitment, effective communication, similar educational background, equal economic status, physical fitness, etc.

. Similar educational background and intelligence levels are also considered important by some people. They believe that only with mutual appreciation and understanding, can the couple get along easily and happily.

Why do people get divorced? Can you guess some of the reasons?

.Sometimes it is because the couple did not really understand each other before the marriage, as love was blind at that time. After marriage, they see each other's shortcomings more clearly. When disappointment grows beyond control, divorce becomes inevitable.

.Sometimes it is because one of the couple has changed after the marriage. For example, after the husband is promoted to a leading position, he may have a hectic time all year round, with hardly any time left to be with his wife. Sometimes one of the couple has lost his or her job and becomes irritable. Due to the continual quarrelling at home, the family breaks up.

7.Name some Western and Chinese holidays or festivals that seem to be similarly important, and explain why they are important.

There are a number of Western festivals, such as Christmas, Boxing Day, Thanksgiving Day, New Year's Day, New Year's Eve, Halloween, Valentine's Day, Mother's Day, and Father's Day. There are also a number of traditional festivals in China, such as the Spring Festival (or the Chinese New Year), the Lantern Festival, the Pure Brightness Festival (or Qingming Festival or the Tomb-Visiting Festival), the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double-Ninth Festival (or the Seniors' Day), etc.

Spring Festival—customs

. “Sweeping the dust” before the Spring Festival means a thorough cleaning of houses to sweep away bad luck in the past year.

. Many people like to paste “Spring Couplets” and paper-cuts to give a happy and prosperous atmosphere of the Festival and express the good wishes of Chinese people looking forward to a good life.

. On the first day of lunar New Year, people give New Year’s greetings to each other.

Spring Festival is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. It is often inaccurately called “Lunar New Year”. The festival traditionally begins on the first day of the first month in the Chinese calendar and ends with Lantern Festival which is on the 15th day. Chinese New Year‘s Eve, a day where Chinese families gather for their annual reunion dinner, is known as chú xī (除夕).

Christmas—customs

. On Christmas every family will prepare a Christmas tree and have a big dinner.

（3）优惠多. Santa Claus go out at night and bring gifts to the needy. He is a fat jolly man who wears a red suit, a red hat and has a long white beared.

. On Christmas morning, the first thing for many people is gather around the Christmas tree to exchange gifts and Merry Christmas greeting with each other.

Christmas is a traditional festival in western countries.It is a christian holiday that celebrates the birth of jesus Christ every year on dec.25. Families celebrate Spring Festival or Christmas together.

营销调研课题8.It is sometimes claimed that many holidays have been created just to encourage people to spend money. Do you agree?

It is true that business people are seeking every opportunity to promote sales.

So, for holidays, they try to sell cards, flowers and gifts. When people are happy preparing for a festival, they are willing to spend money, and businessmen have taken advantage of their generosity.

So, in a sense, many holidays have been commercialized, though we have the right not to buy. But on the other hand, festivals endure mainly because they allow us to express our feelings. When Pilgrims wanted to express their gratitude to "God" for a good harvest, they created Thanksgiving Day. When people wanted to express their affection for their mothers and lovers, they introduced Mother's Day and Valentine's Day. Ancient Chinese had great respect for the elderly, and this might have given rise to the Double-Ninth Day.

可是创业不是一朝一夕的事，在创业过程中会遇到很多令人难以想象的疑难杂症，对我们这些80年代出生的温室小花朵来说，更是难上加难。9.What will you choose between a low-paid job you like and a boring well-paid job?

Choice of the jobs depands an the situation.If i am in need of money,fpr example,i have to pay for the living cost,i will take the well-paid job.Otherwise t will take the job that i am interested.Cause i think happiness can also bring me money although it is not too much,but money can not bring me happy.i can not use money buy happiness or true love i want.Money does not meas everything.

2003年，上海市总人口达到1464万人，上海是全国第一个出现人口负增长的地区。 Do you think one's character is important in finding a job? Why or why not?

当然，在竞争日益激烈的现代社会中，创业是件相当困难的事。我们认为，在实行我们的创业计划之前，我们首先要了解竞争对手，吸取别人的经验教训，制订相应竞争的策略。我相信只要我们的小店有自己独到的风格，价格优惠，服务热情周到，就一定能取得大多女孩的信任和喜爱。I think it is. Although many employers lay emphasis on candidates' educational background and work experience, some believe that candidates' character is equally important for a successful career. In contemporary society, many projects are so large that they require the coordination of a group of people rather than a single person's effort. Therefore, a good team player is often welcomed. Professionally skilled people may not be able to accomplish a large project if they are easily angered and cannot get along with their colleagues. If you want to assume a leading position, you should be firm on important issues while allowing your subordinates plenty of freedom. In fact, it is becoming increasingly common for companies to test candidates' EQ (emotional quotient) before they decide to hire them.

10.What do you think are important in finding a job? Why or why not?

I think one's character is important in finding a job. Although many employers lay emphasis on candidates' educational background and work experience, some believe that candidates' character is equally important for a successful career. In contemporary society, many projects are so large that they require the coordination of a group of people rather than a single person's effort. Therefore, a good team player is often welcomed. Professionally skilled people may not be able to accomplish a large project if they are easily angered and cannot get along with their colleagues. If you want to assume a leading position, you should be firm on important issues while allowing your subordinates plenty of freedom. In fact, it is becoming increasingly common for companies to test candidates' EQ (emotional quotient) before they decide to hire them.

（一）DIY手工艺品的“多样化”

“碧芝”最吸引人的是那些小巧的珠子、亮片等，都是平日里不常见的。店长梁小姐介绍，店内的饰珠有威尼斯印第安的玻璃珠、秘鲁的陶珠、奥利的施华洛世奇水晶、法国的仿金片、日本的梦幻珠等，五彩缤纷，流光异彩。按照饰珠的质地可分为玻璃、骨质、角质、陶制、水晶、仿金、木制等种类，其造型更是千姿百态：珠型、圆柱型、动物造型、多边形、图腾形象等，美不胜收。全部都是进口的，从几毛钱一个到几十元一个的珠子，做一个成品饰物大约需要几十元，当然，还要决定于你的心意。“碧芝”提倡自己制作：端个特制的盘子到柜台前，按自己的构思选取喜爱的饰珠和配件，再把它们串成成品。这里的饰珠和配件的价格随质地而各有同，所用的线绳价格从几元到一二十元不等，如果让店员帮忙串制，还要收取１０％～２０％的手工费。

自制饰品一反传统的饰品消费模式，引导的是一种全新的饰品文化，所以非常容易被我们年轻的女生接受。

§8-2购物环境与消费行为 2004年3月20日

（一）大学生的消费购买能力分析

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