【2019-2020】高考英语一轮选训习题Unit1Culturalrelics（含解析）新人教版必修22　Unit 1　Cultural relics

李仕才

一、阅读理解

A

We had a TV series in London. One of our fellow TV presenters seriously upset the camera crew when they arrived at his house. He was rude and unconcerned, treating them like lowly workers. Minutes later, when the camera was turned on, he became the perfectly smiling spiritual figure he was publicly known to be. But, as the crew told us later, he had already shown them that he didn't walk his talk.

In contrast, Ed was meeting with Jo, our TV producer, in a small London cafe. If you have ever been to London you'll know that in such cafe the tables are very close. Two well dressed African men sat down next to them, which effectively meant they were sharing the same table. Ed asked the two strangers where they were from and one said,  "South Africa. " The man pulled out his business card—his name was Jacob Zuma who, at that time, was the President of the ANC but is now the President of South Africa.

How we walk our talk shows far more than just our public behavior. Rather, it highlights how we view the world and our place in it. Jacob Zuma showed us how he treats others—with the fairness, consideration and respect that he treats all beings. No matter who we are, whether a street cleaner or a president, we are all equal, here together as one human family.

1.What can we learn about the TV presenter?

A. He felt upset before the camera.

B. He was known for his being impolite.

C. His deeds didn't agree with his words.

D. He pretended to be polite to the camera crew.

2.Which word can best describe Jacob Zuma according to the text?

A. Friendly. B. Humorous.

C. Generous. D. Serious.

3.Why did Ed go to the small London cafe?

A. To film a TV series. B. To interview Jacob Zuma.

C. To meet with a TV producer. D. To observe people's public behavior.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.TV presenters are often too proud.

B. There still exists inequality in society.

C.I. earned people are more likely to be polite.

D. People should treat others with equal respect.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过举例讲述了我们如何做到言行一致，礼貌待人。我们的谈话方式是我们的公共行为，表明我们如何看待世界和我们在社会中的地位，因此我们应该公平的、体贴的、尊重地对待别人。

1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段二、三句He was rude and unconcerned, treating them like lowly workers. Minutes later, when the camera was turned on, he became the perfectly smiling spiritual figure he was publicly known to be.可知，这位电视节目主持人对待同事粗鲁不礼貌，当面对镜头，他就成了众所周知的完美的精神形象。因此推断他是一个言行不一的人。故选C。

3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句In contrast, Ed was meeting with Jo, our TV producer, in a small London cafe.可知，Ed去咖啡馆是为了见一个电视节目制片人。故选C。

4.D 【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章通过举例讲述了我们如何做到言行一致，礼貌待人。我们的谈话方式是我们的公共行为，表明我们如何看待世界和我们在社会中的地位，因此我们应该公平的、体贴的、尊重地对待别人。故选D。

B

According to a scientific report, mild coffee consumption, three to five cups per day, can be taken as a healthy dietary pattern, along with other healthful behavior. The report also says that coffee consumption helps reduce the risk of heart disease and it protects against Parkinson's disease.

According to Dr. Donald Hensrud of Mayo Clinic, high consumption of coffee has health risks. Dr. Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body. Some studies said that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily can actually increase the risk of heart disease in these people.

According to conclusions from a recent study led by Dr. Gregory Marcus, a doctor from the University of California, San Francisco, daily moderate consumption of caffeine, less than 4 cups, is not associated with these issues.

When informed of these possible health benefits and harm of drinking coffee, Harwood, a high school student stated, “Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee, for the most part, coffee drinking sounds good for health. Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.”

【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们对咖啡是否有益于身体健康的几种不同观点。

【难句分析】Dr. Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body.

分析：该句为主从复合句。句中that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a certain illness。

译文：Hensrud博士提到了对于患有某种疾病的人，大量饮用咖啡会有危害，(因为)这种病会减缓体内咖啡因的分解。

1．What is the people's attitude towards the effects of coffee on health according to Paragraph 1?

A．Disapproving. B．Tolerant.

C．Doubtful. D．Mixed.

答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“The effects of coffee consumption on health have long been a subject of conflict and uncertainty.”可知，长期以来，饮用咖啡是否对健康有影响一直是有争议的、不确定的。D项意为“混合的，混杂的”，符合题意，故D项正确。

2．What does the underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Personal. B．Slight.

C．Reasonable. D．Heavy.

答案与解析：C'考查词义猜测。根据该句中的“less than 4 cups”可知，饮用的咖啡不超过4杯；据此可以判断，该句是说，每天摄入适量的咖啡因对身体无害。据此可知，画线词意为“适度的”，故C项正确。

3．What can we infer about Harwood?

A．He'll keep on drinking coffee.

B．He loves his high school life.

C．He often falls asleep in class.

D．He has some health problems.

答案与解析：A'考查推理判断。根据文章最后两句“Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee, for the most part，coffee drinking sounds good for health. Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.”可知，Harwood认为，尽管喝咖啡可能会带来一些负面影响，但大多数情况下，喝咖啡对健康有好处；更不用说，他需要咖啡来保持清醒。据此可以推断，他将继续喝咖啡，故A项正确。

4．What would be the best title for the text?

A．Why People Love Coffee?

B．How Coffee Affects Health?

C．The Culture of Coffee Drinking

D．The New Findings of Heart Disease

答案与解析：B'考查标题判断。通读全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了人们对咖啡是否有益于身体健康说法不一。有人认为适量饮用咖啡有益身体健康，有人却认为过量饮用咖啡会增加心脏病的发病率。据此可知，B项最适合作为本文的标题。

二、七选五

It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.__1__ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing，then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.

Don't get in the center of the conflict.

Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help.Frankly speaking，it is very unwise，because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.__2__ You should focus on your own life issues.

Be kind.

__3__ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements，and that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them.For example，kindness can lessen the conflict.

Try to be a peacekeeper.

Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“__4__” This saying is the life motto of a natural­born peacekeeper.Don't worry if you are not a natural­born peacekeeper；you can gain this skill during life.

Walk off.

When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself，you should choose to handle the situation in another way.By all means，try to keep yourself away from stress.__5__ You should get away from the situation for a while.

A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought.

B．Conflicts are unavoidable，so try to accept them.

C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.

D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence.

E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.

F．When someone pushes you to the limit，try to act kindly towards this person.

G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种有效避免冲突的建议。

1．G　根据空前一句“It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others”可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有必要的；据此可以判断，空处承上启下，介绍冲突的严重危害，引出文章主题，故G项正确。

2．D　根据空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合文意。

3．F　根据该段标题“Be kind”可知，该段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照应，故F项符合文意。

4．A　根据空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a natural­born peacekeeper”可以判断，空处是调解人的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故A项正确。

5．E　根据空前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress”可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知E项符合文意。

三、短文改错

I usually go to school by bike.And this morning I went on foot.On the way to school，I happen to witness an accident.A middle­aged woman was knocked down by a car while crosses the street.Seeing that was happening on the scene，I made rush for the woman to help.One passer­by got out of his cellphone and called the police.I helped to carry the woman to safe and dress her wound. Around ten minutes late, an ambulance arrived and took him to hospital.I continued my way to school，feeling happily that I could offer some help in time.

【答案】　

I usually go to school by bike. this morning I went on foot.On the way to school，I to witness an accident.A middle­aged woman was knocked down by a car while the street.Seeing was happening on the scene，I made rush for the woman to help.One passer­by got out his cellphone and called the police.I helped to carry the woman to and dress her wound. Around ten minutes， an ambulance arrived and took to hospital.I continued my way to school，feeling that I could offer some help in time.

第一处：And→But。考查连词。前后句之间是转折关系，故用But。

第二处：happen→happened。考查时态。根据上文中的“I went on foot”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的事情，应该用一般过去时。

第三处：crosses→crossing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，cross与A middle­aged woman之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式。

第四处：that→what。考查名词性从句。这里指“看到现场发生的事情”。此处在句中引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”，故用what。

第五处：rush前加a。考查冠词。此处指作者冲向那位女士以提供帮助。make a rush for“冲向，奔向”是固定搭配。

第六处：删除out后的of。考查固定搭配。一位路人拿出他的手机并给警察打了电话。get“取来，拿来”，是及物动词，其后可直接接宾语；out在此为副词。而get out of sth.意为“离开(某地)，摆脱，放弃”，显然不符合此处的语境。故of多余。

第七处：safe→safety。考查名词。此处充当介词的宾语，应该用名词形式。safety“安全的地方”。

第八处：late→later。考查副词。虽然late和later都可用作副词，但前者表示“迟，晚”，后者表示“后来，随后”。根据句意可知，应将late改为later。

第九处：him→her。考查代词。此处指的是救护车将那个受伤的女士带去了医院，故应用her。

第十处：happily→happy。考查形容词。feel是系动词，其后应用形容词作表语。

四、短文语法填空

Women are starting to take power in more and more important positions in recent years.__1__ to a new list made by AFP, the __2__ (world) 10 most powerful women who made their way above the “glass ceiling”， __3__ (include) the U．S.’ first female presidential nominee (候选人) Hillary Clinton and Director General of the World Health Organization, Margaret Chan.

There is something interesting with the AFP list: A majority of the 10 women are over 60, the age __45__ (advantage) — has begun to turn into a strong point, for women.

The reasons behind the phenomenon may include that today’s older women are __6__ (well) educated and more __7__ (experience) than any generations before.

It is also because of society’s changing opinion about __8__ women can achieve — after raising kids and running family lives for years, older women are now more likely to start again instead of retiring into __9__ peaceful life of cooking and gardening.

In fact, this changing atmosphere in gender equality is spreading all over the world and across women __10__ all ages.

语篇解读：由于社会不断变化的观念，女性不再像旧时那样带孩子和照顾家庭，而是越来越融入社会并有了一定的社会地位，甚至近几年出现像希拉里和陈冯富珍这样在政治上占有一席地位的女性。

1．According　according to意为“根据”，为固定短语。故填According。

2．world’s　定冠词the后修饰的中心词是名词women，设空处作定语，应用名词所有格，故填world’s。

3．include　分析句子结构可知，who made their way above the “glass ceiling”为定语从句，主语women后缺谓语，陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。故填include。

4．when　设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the age，且在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导该定语从句。

5．disadvantage　句意：实际上，对于女性来说，这可能是年龄——一个通常被认为是劣势的因素——如何变成优点的最好证明。介词as及冠词a(n)后的中心词应为名词单数形式，根据句意可知填disadvantage。

6．better　根据句中的than可知，此处应用比较级。故填better。

7．experienced　根据空前的and可知设空处和educated为平行关系，在系动词are后用作表语，应用形容词，且修饰人，故填experienced。

8．what　介词about后接宾语从句，且从句中缺宾语，设空处表示“……的东西；……的事情”。故填what。

9．a　life在此表示“生活”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一种平静的生活”，因此，其前用不定冠词a。

10．of　名词ages前有限定词all，故设空处只能填介词，表示“……的”。故填of。

2019-2020高考英语一轮选训习题Unit1Culturalrelics（含解析）新人教版必修2