2018-2019学年

When you’re making a split-second decision, waiting a fraction of a second to decide can make a world of difference.

Scientists at Columbia University and the University of Pittsburgh found that when making choices between a right and wrong answer, people’s accuracy in making the right decision increased dramatically when they gave themselves a small amount of time. __1___

It’s all about giving our attention enough time to sort out the relevant information from the distracters, says one of the study's co-authors, Vincent Ferrera, an associate professor of (神经科学）at Columbia University Medical Center. “The little extra time to sort out the irrelevant information makes the decision-making more efficient," he says.

____2___. They were told which set was their target, and then asked to indicate which direction the .target dots were moving when the distracting set was introduced 一the distracting set either moved in the same direction or the opposite direction of the target dots. The participants performed this task under different conditions: in some experiments they aimed for accuracy, in others, for speed.

Ferrera and his colleagues found that when the participants had a little more 1 as 50 milliseconds to make their decision, their accuracy improved. The reason? ___3___. "If you take attention offline, you go from almost perfect accuracy to almost chance accuracy," he says.

That doesn’t mean taking longer to decide necessarily leads to a better choice. With more time, there's more chance for distracting and even misleading information to filter into the process, confusing the situation. Ferrera's findings suggest that simply accumulating more and more information isn't always helpful. "What we're saying is that before you start gathering evidence, take a short moment to determine whether that evidence is really relevant to the decision you are making,” he says."___4___"

答案：ACEB

上海市延安中学2018-2019学年高三上学期周测（十）英语试题-六选四 Word版含答案