情态动词mustcancouldmaymight表推测用法-

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. 情态动词must, can, could, may, might 表推测的用法：

情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下： 1. must的用法
（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。 He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。
（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用can`t,如询问某种可能时，应用can。
He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定） He can`t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不） Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）
（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。 He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。
He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。
He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。
注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I`m sure that he will come tomorrow. （4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。 He must be a worker, isn`t he? （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？
It must have rained last night, didn`t it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？
You must have learned English for many years, haven`t you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？ 2. can / could的用法
（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Can`t“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。
He can`t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。
（2）can /can`t后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。
They can`t be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。 He can`t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. 他不可能去了，我刚才还看见他。
It`s so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？ （3）在反意疑问句中，当述部分含有表示推测意义的can`t时，疑问部分的助动词应与can`t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致. He can`t be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗？
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. She can`t have finished her homework, has she? 她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？
（4）could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。
Don`t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。 The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。
（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。 Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station? Could you help me? （6）couldn`t表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。
It couldn`t possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。
注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。 You couldn`t be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。 I couldn`t be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。 3. may和might的用法
（1） may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。
He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American. 他可能是个美国人。
注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。 （2）may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。
He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。
（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。 He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。 The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在） 这个男孩可能没在家看电视
These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去） 这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。
（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况。
I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain. 我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。
She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。

情态动词和虚拟语气练习40题
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.—Are you in a hurry？
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. —No， in fact I’ve got plenty of time. I ___
wait. A.must B.need C.may
D.should 2.—Someone is knocking at the door. ___ it be Venis？ —No， it ___ be her； she left for New York this morning. A.Can； mustn’t B.Might； can’t C.May； doesn’t D.Can； can’t
3.He didn’t agree with me at first，but I ____ persuade him to sign the agreement later. A.could B.might C.should D.was able to 4.—Is there a movie on in the cinema tonight？
—There___ be. I will phone the cinema and find it out. A.might B.should C.can D.could 5.You ___ be careful when you cross here — the traffic lights aren’t working. A.can
B.ought to C.might
D.may 6.You ___ out last night. I called you several times， but nobody answered. A.must have been B.must be C.might have been
D.could be 7.You ___ fail to pass the entrance examination if you don’t study harder. A.shall B.could C.must
D.should 8.When I was studying at Beijing University， I ___ take a walk along the lake every evening. A.will B.would C.could
D.shall 9.The party turned out to be a failure. I would rather ___ it. A.not have attended B.not attend C.not to attend D.not to have attended 10.Sir， you ___ be sitting in this seat. It is for women or children only. A.can’t B.oughtn’t to
C.won’t D.needn’t 11.—Shall I tell Li Ming about the matter？ —No， you ___ . He has known about it already. A.oughtn’t to B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t 12.—Must I take a bus？
—No， you ___ . You can walk there. A.must not B.don’t C.don’t have to
D.had better not to .DOC资料.


. 13.—Why do you make me do so？
—I am sorry that you ___ do such a thing. A.would B.can C.should D.may 14.—Will you stay for lunch？
—Sorry， I ___ . My brother is coming to see me. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.won’t
15.What would have happened ___ ， as far as the riverbank？ A.if Bob has walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.had Bob walked farther D.should Bob walk farther 16.Oh， Jane， you’ve broken another glass. You ought ___ when you washed it. A.be careful B.to care C.have cared D.to have been careful 17.It’s high time we ___ to the theater.
A.will go B.shall go C.are going to D.went 18.—Could I use your telephone？ —Yes， of course you ___ . A.could B.will C.can
D.might 19.It’s strange that they ___ nothing about this matter.
A.should know B.would know C.had known
D.knew 20.—Do you still remember the day when we went to the Great Wall？ —I can’t remember it well， but ___ sometime last autumn？
A.might it be B.could it have been C.could it be D.must it have been 21.—I can’t get through to the general manager’s office anyhow. —The line is busy. Someone ___ the telephone.
A.must use B.uses C.must have been using
D.must be using 22.He suggests we ___ to the cinema at once， otherwise we will be late. A.must go B.go C.will go
D.would go
23.If only he ___ me yesterday! A.had seen B.would see C.should see D.saw 24.If you ___ wait a moment， I’ll go and find our manager.
A.can B.should C.will
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. 25.—It is rather cold here. Shall we light a fire？ —No， we ___ because things are easy to catch fire. A.won’t B.can’t
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
26.If I ___ you， I ___ more attention to English idioms and phrases. A.was； shall pay B.am； will pay C.would be； would pay D.were； would pay 27.—Would you have told him the answer had it been possible？ —I would have， but I ___ so busy then.
A.had been B.were C.was D.would be
28.—Can children swim in this pool？
—Yes. However， at no time ___ they do so by themselves. A.dare
B.should C.need
D.could 29.Kunming is called“Spring City”，but it ___ snow in winter. A.shall B.can C.must D.might 30.—What’s the matter with you？
—Oh， I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ___ so much fried fish just now. A.shouldn’t eat B.mustn’t have eaten C.shouldn’t have eaten D.mustn’t eat 31.—You look so upset. What’s wrong with you？ —The door ___ . Can you help me？
A.won’t open B.won’t be opened C.can’t open D.can’t be opened 32.—Mum，I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf. —My goodness！You ___ yourself. You mustn’t do that next time. A.must have hurt B.should have hurt C.may have hurt D.can have hurt 33.Children under 12 years of age in that country ___ be under adult supervision when he is in a public library. A.must B.may C.can

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. D.need 34.“The interest ___ be divided into five parts， according to the agreement made by both sides，” declared the judge.
A.may B.should C.must
D.shall 35.—I don’t mind telling you what I know. —You ___ . I’m not asking you for it.
A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t 36.—Mum，I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. ___ I go out and play with Tom for a while？
—No， I’m afraid not. Besides， it’s raining outside now.
A.Can’t B.Wouldn’t C.Dare not D.Won’t 37.—Who is the girl standing over there？ —Well， if you ___ know， her name is Mabel. A.may B.can C.must
D shall 38.The driver has drunk too much wine and dangerous things ___ happen at any time. A.should B.can C.must D.need 39.We ___ booked. Look， this restaurant is almost empty.
A.must have B.can’t have
C.should have D.needn’t have 40.Listen! The fire engine is roaring. There ___ be a fire somewhere. A.should B.must C.will D.ought to

【答案及部分解析】 1～5 CDDAB 6～10 AABAB 11～15 BCCBC 16～20 DDCAB 21～25 DBACC 26～30 DCBBC 31～35 ACADD 36～40 ACADB 1. may表示“可以”。
2. can用在疑问句和否定句中，表示可能性的推测。can’t表示“不可能”。 3. 情态动词can和be able to都可表示能力。当表示“过去成功地做了某事”时，常用was（were） able to。
4. 由下文的I will phone the cinema and find it out可知此处应用might。may或might用在肯定句中，表示可能性的推测。 5. ought to表示劝告。
6. 题意为“我昨天晚上打了几次都没有人接，你一定是出去了”。must have done.DOC资料.


. 常用来表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测。
7. shall用于第二人称或第三人称，表示说话者的意愿，有命令、警告、威胁、强制、允诺和决心之意。此题用shall，表示“警告”。
8. 情态动词would可以表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。与used to相比，would不含有“现在已无此习惯”的意义。
9. 题意为“那次聚会以失败告终，我宁愿没参加”。would rather （not）have done表示的是过去发生的情况。
10.由题意可知，此处应用oughtn’t to，表示“不应该”。
11.由he has known about it already可知，此处应用needn’t，表示“没有必要”。
12. don’t have to表示“不必”。
13. should常用在形容词sorry， anxious， happy， delighted等后接的that从句中，表示“竟，会”等意义。
15.had Bob walked farther相当于if Bob had walked farther。在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略if时要把had， should， were等提到句首。
16. ought to have done表示“过去本来应该做某事而事实上并没有做到”。 17. “It’s（high或about） time”后所接从句时，从句谓语动词常用过去式。 18. 问句中情态动词could表示委婉客气。
19. 题意为“他们竟然对此事一无所知，真令人奇怪”。“It’s strange，possible...+that从句”的句型中，从句谓语常用“should+动词原形”。
20. can（could）have done表示对过去发生情况的可能性推测，常用于否定句或疑问句中。
21. must be doing表示对现在正发生情况的肯定推测。
22. suggest， order， demand， request等表示建议或命令等的动词后接宾语从句，从句谓语常用“should（常省略）+动词原形”。
23. if only表示“但愿”。如果表示现在的愿望，句中谓语动词常用过去式；如果表示将来的愿望，句中谓语动词常用“would（could）+动词原形”；如果表示过去的愿望，句中谓语动词常用“had+过去分词”。 24. will表示“愿意”。 25. mustn’t表示“禁止”。
26. 表示与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句谓语常用“would，could，should，might+动词原形”。
27. had it been possible相当于if it had been possible。but分句是描述当时的事实，故用一般过去时态。
28. at no time（在任何时候都不）位于句首时，句子应用部分倒装语序。should表示“应该”。
29. 此处用can表示“一时之可能”。
31. The door won’t open. 这门打不开。will表示“功能”，可译为“能，行”。又如：Each classroom will seat 60 students. 每间教室能容纳60名学生。 32. may（might） have done表示对过去发生情况的可能性推测，常用于肯定句中。 33. 题意为：“在那个国家12岁以下的儿童在公共图书馆时必须（must）有成年人监护。”
34. 由judge（法官）一词可断定，此处有强制、命令的语气，故填shall。 36. 此处句意为：“难道我不能（can’t）出去和汤姆玩一会儿吗？”
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. 38. should表示“很可能”。
39. needn’t have done表示“本来不需要做某事而事实上已经做了”。 40. must be表示对现在发生情况的肯定推测。

英语语法专项习题-情态动词
1( 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. canC. has to D. must ( 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you___. .DOC资料.


. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't ( 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would ( 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 2( 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't ( 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't ( 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need ( 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 3( 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must ( 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to ( 3 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 4( 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to ( 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't .DOC资料.


. ( 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 5( 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't ( 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be ( 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted ( 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 6( 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( 2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? -Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may ( 3 -___ I take the newspaper away? -No, you mustn't. You____read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 7( 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must ( 2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do ( 3 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, ___.A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do 8( 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to ( 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he? A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't ( 3 -Must we do our homework first? .DOC资料.


. -No, you___. You may have a rest first. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't 参考答案： 1. 1-5 A D A B B 2. 1-5 C D B C A 3. 1-3 C A A 4. 1-3 D B C 5. 1-4 C B C C 6. 1-3 B A B 7. 1-3 C C C 8. 1-3 A D B
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情态动词mustcancouldmaymight表推测用法-

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