Unit 4 词汇篇

语文课本中的文章都是精选的比较优秀的文章,还有不少名家名篇。如果有选择循序渐进地让学生背诵一些优秀篇目、精彩段落,对提高学生的水平会大有裨益。现在,不少语文教师在分析课文时,把文章解体的支离破碎,总在文章的技巧方面下功夫。结果教师费劲,学生头疼。分析完之后,学生收效甚微,没过几天便忘的一干二净。造成这种事倍功半的尴尬局面的关键就是对文章读的不熟。常言道“书读百遍,其义自见”,如果有目的、有计划地引导学生反复阅读课文,或细读、默读、跳读,或听读、范读、轮读、分角色朗读,学生便可以在读中自然领悟文章的思想内容和写作技巧,可以在读中自然加强语感,增强语言的感受力。久而久之,这种思想内容、写作技巧和语感就会自然渗透到学生的语言意识之中,就会在写作中自觉不自觉地加以运用、创造和发展。 __________________________________________________________________________________

要练说，先练胆。说话胆小是幼儿语言发展的障碍。不少幼儿当众说话时显得胆怯：有的结巴重复，面红耳赤；有的声音极低，自讲自听；有的低头不语，扯衣服，扭身子。总之，说话时外部表现不自然。我抓住练胆这个关键，面向全体，偏向差生。一是和幼儿建立和谐的语言交流关系。每当和幼儿讲话时，我总是笑脸相迎，声音亲切，动作亲昵，消除幼儿畏惧心理，让他能主动的、无拘无束地和我交谈。二是注重培养幼儿敢于当众说话的习惯。或在课堂教学中，改变过去老师讲学生听的传统的教学模式，取消了先举手后发言的约束，多采取自由讨论和谈话的形式，给每个幼儿较多的当众说话的机会，培养幼儿爱说话敢说话的兴趣，对一些说话有困难的幼儿，我总是认真地耐心地听，热情地帮助和鼓励他把话说完、说好，增强其说话的勇气和把话说好的信心。三是要提明确的说话要求，在说话训练中不断提高，我要求每个幼儿在说话时要仪态大方，口齿清楚，声音响亮，学会用眼神。对说得好的幼儿，即使是某一方面，我都抓住教育，提出表扬，并要其他幼儿模仿。长期坚持，不断训练，幼儿说话胆量也在不断提高。 __________________________________________________________________________________

一般说来，“教师”概念之形成经历了十分漫长的历史。杨士勋（唐初学者，四门博士）《春秋谷梁传疏》曰：“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也”。这儿的“师资”，其实就是先秦而后历代对教师的别称之一。《韩非子》也有云：“今有不才之子……师长教之弗为变”其“师长”当然也指教师。这儿的“师资”和“师长”可称为“教师”概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“教师”，因为“教师”必须要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。 学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点词汇句型，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。

1. 课本、报刊杂志中的成语、名言警句等俯首皆是,但学生写作文运用到文章中的甚少,即使运用也很难做到恰如其分。为什么?还是没有彻底“记死”的缘故。要解决这个问题,方法很简单,每天花3-5分钟左右的时间记一条成语、一则名言警句即可。可以写在后黑板的“积累专栏”上每日一换,可以在每天课前的3分钟让学生轮流讲解,也可让学生个人搜集,每天往笔记本上抄写,教师定期检查等等。这样,一年就可记300多条成语、300多则名言警句,日积月累,终究会成为一笔不小的财富。这些成语典故“贮藏”在学生脑中,自然会出口成章,写作时便会随心所欲地“提取”出来,使文章增色添辉。 allow: 允许，许可

教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分，我常采用范读，让幼儿学习、模仿。如领读，我读一句，让幼儿读一句，边读边记；第二通读，我大声读，我大声读，幼儿小声读，边学边仿；第三赏读，我借用录好配朗读磁带，一边放录音，一边幼儿反复倾听，在反复倾听中体验、品味。 allow doing/ allow sb to do

2. look through

(1)．温习

Look through your notes before the examination．考试前把你的笔记从头至尾看一遍。

(2)．仔细查看

I looked through my drawer， but I could not find my keys．我仔细查过抽屉，但是找不到钥匙。

You have to look through those reports before you attend the meeting．

开会前，你必须把那些报告看一遍。

(3)．not see sb or sth that is clearly visible；deliberately ignore sb one can plainly see故意视而不见

I met him on the way home yesterday，but he just looked straight through me．

昨天我在回家的路上碰见了他，但他却故意不理睬我。

You must be blind, I was standing ten yards away, and you looked straight through me．

你一定瞎眼了，当时我站在离你只有10码远的地方，你竟看不到我。

(4). survey or scan（a book, paper, etc.）often briefly粗略地检查、浏览或翻阅

I usually look through newspapers after supper．晚饭后我常常浏览一下报纸。

3. deal

(1).协议交易

It is a deal! 成交

（2） a good [great] deal (of)：
a great [good] deal of 之后通常接不可数名词：
He seems to have a good deal of money.他似乎有很多钱.
He has done a great deal of traveling.他旅游了很多地方.
I’ve heard a great deal about him.关于他的情况我听说了很多.

(3) deal with:“处理”、“对付”、“对待”、 “论述”、“做买卖”等：
How shall we deal with this matter?这事我们怎么处理?
I don’t know how to deal with him.我不知怎样与他相处.
This book deals with educational problems.这本书论述教育问题.
We often deal with that shop.我们经常在那家商店买东西

4. work out

1.[根据推理或计算]得出; 算出 (n./ wh-从句)

2.想出；制订出；产生 (n./ wh-从句)

3.锻炼；训练 (非正式用语)

4．有好结果；进行情况良好

进行当主语是名词时, 放中间或out后都可以（比如：work out the problem)；但主语是宾格时（比如：it 、them等）必须放在中间!

5. get on (well) with：和睦相处，关系良好=get along (well) with

6. offer

offer作名词的用法:

(1). offer表示愿做某事或给予某物(后接of / to do sth)

Thank you for your kind offer of helping me.

= Thank you for your kind offer to help me.

(2). offer有"出价"的意思。如:

I've had an offer of $8888 for that house.

I’ve got an offer of that big company

(2) offer作动词的用法:

offer有"(主动)拿给,给予"的意思,相当于give, 后可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,

即offer sb sth =offer sth to sb, 如:

The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus.

Many people willingly offered their blood.

7. in one’s opinion

8. return=come back

9. compare A with B

10. explain sth to sb

1. In   opinion, health is more important than wealth(财富).

解析：依。。。看为in one’s opinion:，故选C。

2. My mother always compares me   others. I am very annoyed.

解析：和某人比较为compare A with B, 故选A。

3．My parents don’t allow me ______ TV at night.

Ａ. watch B. watching C. watched D. to watch

解析：允许某人做某事为allow sb to do sth, 故选D.

4. Don't worry! Things will   sooner or later.

解析：事情将会好转：work out，故选A。

5. He offered   me to the station.

解析：主动提出做某事：offer to do, 故选D。

基础演练

1. The parents never allow their daughter   out alone at night.

2. --- Did your brother go to the movies this morning?

--- No, he stayed at home and did his homework   going to the movies.

3. --- I don't know how to play this game.

--- Don't worry. Let me   the roles of it to you first.

4. Try to  . Do not depend on your dictionary all the time.

5. Last week she borrowed my English book and didn't   it.

6. Tom is   about football and he watches football matches on TV every day.

7. --- What   him to change his dream?

--- His father's death.

8. They had a rest and then   working on their problems.

9. Wild animals are losing their living areas because people   trees and forests.

10. --- How are you   with your new job?

--- Very well.

CCADA CAABC

巩固提高

1. 请浏览一下文章，弄清文章大意。

Please     the article and find out the main idea.

2. 你怎么能与你的邻居相处好呢?

How can you         your neighbours?

3. --- 你能给那位老人让出座位吗? --- 当然。

--- Can you         that old man? --- Certainly.

4. 昨天鲍勃同他最好的朋友争吵了。

Bob           yesterday.

5. 我们学习英语是为了能更好地跟外国人沟通。

We learn English to   better   foreigners.

6. 我们不应该只为了取得更好的成绩而和同学竞争。

We       our classmates just to get better grades.

7. 我们不知道那些人在争夺什么。

We don't know what those people are    .

8. 许多父母总是把自己的孩子与别的孩子作比较。

Many parents are always   their own children   other children.

9. 在我看来, 他是学校中最好的学生之一。

     , he's one of the best students in our school.

10. 或许你可以把你的课外辅导班减少一些。

Maybe you should     a few of your after-school classes.

1. look through

2. get on well with

3. offer your seat to

4. argued with his best friend

5. communicate; with

6. shouldn't compete with

7. competing for

8. comparing;with

9. In my opinion

10. cut out

一、单项选择

1.   it is snowing,   they are still working hard in the factory.

2. Ma Lin   stop training   he was too tired.

3. Hurry up, Jack. We have to go to the station before 11:45   we can catch the 12:00 train.

4. I   the newspaper and didn't find anything interesting.

5. We also learn how to   well with others at school.

6. Tom was kind. He   his seat to the old man on the bus.

7. Compare this car   that one, and you'll find the differences between them.

8. There is no need to argue   her   these problems.

9. --- I can't stand my parents. They always ask me to learn this and practice that.

--- Why don't you sit down and   them?

10. --- The weather is very good. Let's go to the seaside.

---  . Why not?

二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)

11. This painting is fairly  (典型的) of his early work.

12. No one answered the phone.  (可能), he is not at home now.

13. I didn't have bread for breakfast; I had a bowl of porridge  (代替).

14. You look sick. You can't  (继续) working any more.

15. Eating junk food can  (导致) the risk of cancer.

三、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)

16. 我的父母允许我周末看电视。

My parents   me     TV on weekends.

17. 我们不希望和这么优秀的一个队竞争。

We don't hope to     such an excellent team.

18. 我算不出来这道数学题, 它对我来说太难了。

I can't     this math problem; it's too hard for me.

19. 尽管她有错，但不是大问题。

  she's wrong, it's not a    .

20. 太多的压力对孩子成长没有好处。

      isn't good for a child's  .

四、完形填空

Dear Knowledgeable,

This year, I tried to join the school basketball team. Luckily, I 21   the team. But to my surprise, I didn't know any of the other players on the team. I felt sad because I'm really shy and I don't know 22   to get along with strangers. I often get 23   before I talk with a stranger. "What if I say something wrong?" I always think 24   that. We've been playing together since March, 25   I still don't know any of them very well. I'm so quiet around them, and I don't know how to express(表达) 26   well.

I have been putting a lot of pressure on myself to fit in (适应), but that isn't 27  . I'm not confident at all. So one day, when some girls asked me why I was so quiet, I didn't 28   what to say. In fact, I really want to get to know them, so I can 29   well with them, and become a great player like them. But I can't 30   my shyness. What would you do if you were me? Could you give me some advice? I need your help! Thanks so much!

A shy girl

一、单项选择

1. B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B

6. D 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C

二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)

11. typical

12. Perhaps/Maybe

13. instead

14. continue

15. cause

三、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)

16. allow; to watch

17. compete with

18. work out

19. Although, big deal

20. Too much pressure, development

四、完型

21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D

26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

1. His parents won't allow him  .

2. He offered   me to the station.

3. The family had to stay at hotel,   it was raining hard.

4. --- How can I   well with my classmates, Dad?

--- You should be friendly to them.

5. --- How is Helen in the new school?

--- She is doing very well. There is   to worry about.

6. She likes reading. She usually   some books from the library.

7. We turned on the light   we could see what had made a big noise.

8. --- What do you often do   classes to relax?

--- Listen to music or walk around the school.

9. Miss White doesn't like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting story-books  .

10. Kate is good   swimming. She is a good swimmer.

11. Can you explain to me   this math problem?

12. --- Peter, what if your parents go out?

--- They ask me to   myself.

13.   the work is difficult, all the workers are keeping on working.

14. Would you mind him   here?

CDACC CBCAD BABB

二、按要求转换句型

1. She has to finish her homework first. (改为否定句)

She     to finish her homework first.

2. Because I'm afraid of the dark, I don't go out at night. (对划线部分提问)

      go out at night?

3. It's time for school. (改为同义句)

It's time       school.

4. You should compete with your classmates. (改为否定句)

You     with your classmates.

5. The girl is afraid to stay at home alone. (改为同义句)

The girl is afraid     at home    .

1. doesn't have

2. Why don't you

3. to go to

4. shouldn't compete

5. of staying;by herself

三、阅读

A

One morning, Wu Liang discovered that her classroom had changed. She found that the desks were no longer in rows, but pushed together to make eight bigger desks. She was too excited about it for the first two days. But soon she and her classmates got used to this new classroom arrangement(安排). Wu said, "We can come up with our own ideas and learn more through discussion. It's a better way to study. What's more, it's lively." Li Yu liked it, too. He said, "Group members first discuss, and then show ourselves in front of the whole class. It makes us believe in ourselves."

It was part of a reform(改革) at that school. The school wanted to provide students with easier ways to study and more chances to discuss. "Our school hopes it can improve students' abilities to study by themselves and work in groups." said Zhang Ming, an English teacher.

However, there is less time in the class for the teachers. They have to find better ways to teach more effectively.

1. After the new classroom arrangement, it was easier for the students to   in class.

2. The Chinese meaning of the word "effectively" in this passage is  .

3. The best title of this passage may be "  ".

B (北师大附属中学初二下期中)

Some teenagers think that newspapers are boring and only for adults. But that's not true. There are many interesting stories in the paper. You just need to make clear what you are looking at. "I spend about half an hour reading newspapers every day," said 15-year-old Gao Ming from Beijing. "I'm interested in things happening at school." School news is just one kind of news stories in newspapers. There's also world news, sports news, news about entertainment, etc.

News stories

These stories are about events. Reporters try to show all points of a story to help readers understand what happened. Reporters try to speak to as many people as possible. They also use pictures and numbers to show the readers that the stories are true. The newspaper Teenagers has lots of news stories on the news page and front page. When we read them, we learn more about the facts, not the writers' ideas.

Opinion writing

Opinion writing is usually about something happening right now. But it isn't just facts. Here writers add their own opinions to the news. Writers pick only the facts that support their ideas. They make readers believe that they are telling the truth. This is usually the kind of story that gets people thinking. Go to "Speak Out" on Page Two for an example of opinion writing in Teenagers.

Advertisement

Don't get happy too early when you read them. Those sweet words and lovely pictures are just ways to get us interested in their products! People have to pay to put their advertisements in newspapers!

4. Writers use some facts in opinion writings because they want us   their opinions.

5. It's not easy to find the facts of an event  .

6. This passage mainly discusses how  .

E

As we know, Chongqing has changed a lot. Most of the people feel much safer now. More and more trees are being planted in the city. And every day you can see many old people play sports everywhere. The change makes the people in the city live a happy life. The small survey below is from the people who live in Chongqing. One hundred people were chosen to answer the questions last week.

7. From the survey,   of the people in Chongqing care about health.

8. According to the passage and the survey, we know that  .

F (北师大附属中学初二下期中)

Have you ever had an embarrassing(尴尬的) experience? Last week we asked readers to tell us about embarrassing experiences. We received thousands of letters! Here is a selection.

Tony: My most embarrassing experience happened when I had just left university. I had just started teaching in a Liverpool secondary school. One morning, my alarm clock didn't ring. I woke up at half past eight and school began at nine. I quickly washed, dressed, jumped into my car and rushed to school. When I arrived, the students had already gone into class. I didn't go to the office, but went straight into class. After two or three minutes, the students began laughing, and I couldn't understand why! Suddenly I looked down and understood. I had put on one black shoe and one brown shoe!

Henry: The most embarrassing experience I've ever had happened two years ago. After seeing a film, my wife and I had lunch in our favorite restaurant in town. Then we decided to take a walk along the street. The street was very busy and we started holding hands. Suddenly my wife saw a dress in a shop window, and stopped. I started looking at some watches in the next window. After a minute or two I reached for my wife's hand. There was a loud scream, and a woman slapped my face. I hadn't taken my wife's hand. I'd taken the hand of a complete stranger!

James: My wife and I had decided to buy a new house, and I made an appointment to see our bank manager. I'd never met him before and I was a bit nervous. I went into town and I was lucky enough to find a parking space outside the bank. I'd just started reversing(倒车) into the space when another car made its way into it. I was irritated! I opened my window and shouted at the man in the car. He ignored me and walked away. It took me twenty minutes to find another space. As soon as I had parked the car, I rushed to the bank. I was ten minutes late for my appointment. I went to the manager's office, knocked and walked in. The manager was sitting behind his desk. He was the man who had taken my parking space!

9. Tony arrived at school late that morning because  .

10. Henry was embarrassed, because he  .

11. The underlined word "irritated" probably means  .

ACDCA ADDBB A

人教版初二（下）英语：unit 4 词汇篇（教师版）-精选教学文档