(3,3)

重点词汇

1. n. 赌；打赌 v. 打赌；赌钱

[典例]

1). He often bets a 1ot of money on horses.

2). I bet that it will rain tomorrow.

[重点用法]

bet on为某事打赌 make a bet on 为某事打赌 win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了

[练习] 按要求翻译。

1).We ______ ______ ______ ______ (打赌)the outcome of the next horse race.

2).他把所有的钱都用在赌马上。

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责 faulty adj.有缺点的；不完善的 faultless adj.不可挑剔的

[典例]

No one could fault his performance.

①I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was.

②Somehow，people seem to think it’s my fault for letting him in.

③He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people.

[重点用法]

It’ s one’ s fault 是某人的过错 find fault in看出……的缺点，找出……的毛病

find fault with对……不满，挑剔

[练习] 翻译或填空。

她总是找我的茬儿。

_______________________________________________________________________________

从你的文章里我找不到错误，它完美无瑕。I can’t ________________________your paper.It is perfect.

3. vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点 spotless adj. 没有斑点的，干净的

[典例]

1). This is the very spot where he was murdered.

2). She was wearing a white skirt with red spots.

①I had just sat down to work when I spotted something moving on the wall.

②He spotted a serious mistake in the accounts.

③I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall.

④I was on the spot when the accident happened.

[重点用法]

spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场

[练习] 用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。

1). The police ______ him driving a stolen car.

2). The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes.

3). He keeps his house _______.

完成句子

When the man was trying to break into the bank，he_____________________(当场被警察抓住)．

4. n. 通道；（书、讲话、音乐等的）一段，一节；经过，通过，消逝；旅费

[典例]

1). They were denied passage through the occupied territory.

2). He worked his passage to Australia.

[重点用法]

with the passage of time 随着时间的推移

[练习] 按要求翻译或填空。

1). Her confidence grew _______ _______ (随着时间的推移).

2). Several passages _______ (介词) the book were printed in a national newspaper before it was published.

5. n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt. 认为；说明；解释总；计有

[典例]

1). I’ m going to the bank to open a new account.

2). Bad weather accounted for the long delay.

①How do you account for your absence from school yesterday?

②On no account must employers make personal telephone calls from the office.

③His exam results were not very good，but we must take his long illness into account.

④The train was delayed on account of snow.

⑤He paid the money into his account.

[重点用法]

account for导致；做出解释；总计有 on account of = because of 因为 open an account在银行开个户头

keep an account of记录，记载 take sth. into account/consideration考虑到某事

[练习] 用account的短语填空。

1). The League members in our school ______ ______ half of the students.

2). She couldn’ t _______ _______ her foolish mistake.

完成句子

缺钱是她辍学的原因。

____________________________her not continuing her studies.

Since we are not wealthy now，we’d better take our daily expenses into________.

A．thought　　　 B．account C．position　　　 D．effect

6. vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求

[典例]

1). You must seek permission from the manager.

2).They are seeking to mislead us.

[重点用法]

seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物 seek to do sth. 试图做某事

seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福﹑安逸﹑财富、成功

[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1). I think it’ s time we ________ (seek) legal advice.

2). They are seeking ________ (change) the rules.

7. n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近

[典例]

1). Can you really afford this amount?

2). The cost amounted to 250 pound.

[重点用法]

a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (复数)

in (large/small) amounts [作状语]大（少）量地 amount to... 共达……，合计……

[练习] 用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。

1). Duting the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time.

2). Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple.

3). At that time, mall amounts of land _______ (use) for keeping animals.

4). The total cost of repairs _______ _______ (总计) $100.

8. [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 [bəu] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬

[典例]

1). We all bowed to the Queen.

2). His back was bowed with age.

[重点用法]

bow to/before sb. 向某人鞠躬 bow to sth. 向……低头；接受某事

[练习] 用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。

1). The boss ______ ______ the demands of the workers.

2). The cast ______ as the audience applauded.

9. n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色；(电影，电视的)一个镜头；(事件发生的)地点

典例：

①Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.

②The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared，and it was quiet again.

③The students were able to go behind the scenes to see how programmes are made.

④They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.

重点用法：on the scene在现场；当场 appear/come on the scene出场；登场

behind the scenes在幕后；暗中 the scene of the accident事故现场

辨析：scene，scenery与view

(1)scene指都市景观或室内陈设，还可指舞台场面或部分布景，是可数名词。

(2)scenery指山河湖海等自然景观，也可指舞台全部，是不可数名词。

(3)view指从远处或高处看到的风景。

练习：

用scene，scenery与view填空：

(1)When I was a little boy，I lived in a small fishing village.The visit to the village reminded me of the________of my childhood.

(2)On the top of Mount Tai，you can get a wonderful________of the sunrise.

(3)We passed through some beautiful________on our journey through this district.

10. v．允许；容许；许可；n.许可证；执照；通行证

①Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.

②After the law was passed，the prisoners in that state are permitted two hours’ outdoor exercise a day.

③My parents didn’t permit my going with you.

④We’ll have a picnic in the woods，weather permitting.

练习：

The local government announced that only when the fire was under control________to return to their homes.

A．the residents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted

C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted

[天津卷] Passengers are permitted ________only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.

A．to carry B．carrying C．to be carried D．being carried

重点词组

1. 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物

[典例]

Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.

①She has three young children to bring up on her own.

②Some people laughed at the idea when I first brought it up.

③He made every effort to bring down the cost of living.

④The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.

⑤Science and technology has brought about many changes in our lives.

[重点用法]

bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为 bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人要……

bring about引起；产生；导致；带来 bring sth.back带回某物；使想起

bring down让……降下来；使倒下 bring forward提前 bring in引入

[练习] 用bring的短语填空。

1). She was so sick that she ______ ______ all that she had had.

2). He ______ ______ a good suggestion at the meeting.

His parents died when he was five years old，so he was________by his grandparents.

A．taken up　　　 B．given up C．grown up　　　 D．brought up

完成句子

The discussion came alive when an interesting topic__________________(引入)．

2. 执行，进行，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，开始吧

[典例]

1). Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead.

2). The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.

①Go ahead！I want to hear more about your plan.

②Smokers cannot go without cigarettes even a day.

③She went against her mother’s wishes.

④As time went by，I was made smaller.

[短语归纳]

(be) ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过 ahead of time / in advance 提前

go against违背，反对/对……不利(无被动式) go around/round/about(疾病、消息等)传播

go by过去 go over审查；查阅；复习 go through遭受；经历；通过

[练习] 用ahead短语填空。

1). After a pause, he ______ _______ with his speech.

2). The new bridge was completed _______ _______ _______.

3). _______ _______ _______ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.

4). —— Could I use your bike? —— _______ _______.

(全国)—Could I ask you a rather personal question? —Sure，________.

A．pardon me　　　 B．go ahead C．good idea　　　 D．forget it

(陕西)—Could I use your computer for a few moments，please? —________.I’m not using it myself.

A．Come on　　　 B．It depends C．Go ahead　　　 D．That’s great

3. = by chance 偶然；无意中

[典例]

Last time I ran across her in the street by accident.

[短语归纳] by + n. 短语：

by contrast 对比之下 by mistake 错误地 by hand 用手，用体力 by machine 用机器

[练习] 用by + n. 构成的词组填空。

1). I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’ s umbrella ________.

2). These toys are made ______ instead of ______, so they are very expensive.

3). She had found the file ______.

Success in life doesn't happen________.It's the result of devoting your time and energy to what you've set out to do.

A．by force B．by design C．by accident D．by choice

4. 至于，关于

[典例]

As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself.

[短语归纳] as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)

[练习] 翻译。

1). He was uncertain ______ ______ (至于) which road to take.

2). Would you be so kind _______ _______ (至于) help me to move the stone?

3). 关于我的过去,我什么都不会告诉你。

________________________________________________________________________________________

5. 与此相反；正相反[只作状语]

[典例]

1). It doesn’ t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’ s rather beautiful.

2). It wasn’ t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake.

[短语归纳] contrary短语：

to the contrary（表明是）相反的；相反地[作定语和状语] (be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反

[练习] 用contrary短语填空。

1). The car isn’ t expensive. ______ ______ ______, it’s quite cheap.

2). The results were ______ ______ expectation.

6. = take chances冒险，碰运气

[典例]

He took a big chance when he made the investment.

[短语归纳] chance短语：

have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that....大有希望/没有可能/没什麽希望做某事

by chance: by accident: accidentally: unintentionally 偶然地；意外地；非有意地

the chances are (that)...: it is likely that... 很可能……

give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会 a chance of lifetime千载难逢的机会

[练习] 用chance短语填空。

1). The guide book didn’ t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to ______ ______ ______.

2). You should never ______ ______ when driving a car.

3). 我遇见她完全是偶然的。______________________________________________________________

4). 很可能她要来。

_______________________________________________________________________________

重点句子

1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.

[解释] find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 = find + (that) + sb./sth. + 谓语动词

搭配 find +sb./sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动)

find sb./sth. done发现……被做……(被动)

find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处／处于……

例如：

①A group of children were found playing on the playground.

②When he came to himself，he found himself lying in hospital.

③I found myself surrounded by a group of children.

[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。

1).He found a wallet ________ (lie) on the ground.

2). When day broke, we _______ _______ _______ (发现我们到了一个村子里) a small village at the foot of the mountain.

3). The film star________ ________ ________ ________ (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.

He found his son________by letters and papers and________very worried.

A．surrounding；looked　　　B．surrounded；looked

C．surrounding；looking　　　D．surrounded；looking

A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.

A．smoke　　　 B．smoking C．to smoke　　　D．smoked

2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.

[解释] 句中when为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。when常用于以下句型：

1). be about to do …when… 正要做某事就……

2). be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事就……

3). be doing…when… 正在做某事就在这时……

4). had just done sth. when... 刚做完某事就……

5). had hardly done…when… 几乎还没有做完某事就……

①He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.

②He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.

③I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.

④She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.

when用作连词，意为“既然”。

⑤How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen?

练习：

(全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the window　　　　his attention was caught by a bird.

A．when　　　 B．if C．and　　　 D．till

(2009·福建卷)She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.

A．when　　　 B．while C．after　　　 D．since

(四川)There were some chairs left over________everyone had sat down.

A．when　　　 B．until C．that　　　 D．where

(辽宁)I used to love that film________I was a child，but I don’t feel it that way any more.

A．once　　　 B．when C．since　　　 D．although

[练习] 翻译句子。

1) 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。

_______________________________________________________________________________

2) 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。

_______________________________________________________________________________

3) 那个小孩正骑着车，就在这时，摔了下来。

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.

[解释] (1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。

(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。

(3)however用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样……；无论如何……”，具体结构为：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。

①Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.

②However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.

③Whatever your problems are，you mustn’t lose heart.

④Whoever breaks the law should be punished.(whoever不能换成no matter who)

whichever，whatever在句中还可作定语。

The content is the same whichever book you choose.

[练习] 翻译。

1). _______ _______ _______ (无论何时) you have problems, you may turn to me for help.

2). 我将相信你所说的一切。

_______________________________________________________________________________

3). 无论你说什么，我都相信你。

_______________________________________________________________________________

练习：

(上海卷)________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.

A．However a serious problem B．What a serious problem

C．However serious a problem D．What serious a problem

Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦

1．Bob earned his________(船费) on an English boat when he traveled to China.

2．Usain Bolt set an________(难以置信的) world record in the 100­meter race at the Beijing Olympics.

3．We missed the first few________(场景) of the play because we were caught in a traffic jam.

4．It wasn’t your________(过错)．You needn’t apologize to him.

5．The job is not tiring at all.On the________(相反)，it’s very relaxing.

6．By law，youth under eighteen are not________(允许) to enter Net bars.

7．These children are very naughty，so you need________(耐心) to deal with them.

8．Good________(态度，举止) are a very important key to your social success.

9．I don’t like to talk with him；he has a very________(粗鲁的) manner.

10．Recent pressure at work may________(解释) for his strange behavior.

Ⅰ.完成句子

1．His grandmother and his father______________________(将他抚养成人)．

2．I’ll see you after the meeting__________________(如果时间允许的话)．

3．__________________________(我偶然碰见她) in the street.

4．He lifted his head and______________________(盯着她看)．

5．Even in New York you still see______________________(很多人穿得破破烂烂)．

6．__________________(关于我的过去)，I’m not telling you anything.

7．Though，he was told it was hard to find job there，he still decided to______________(冒险)．

8．You didn’t bother me.__________________(相反) I like your company.

Ⅱ.巧思妙解

1．(陕西卷)The how­to book can be of help to________wants to do the job.

A．who　　　　　　　　　　 B．whomever C．no matter who　　　 D．whoever

2．(浙江)________wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

A．Anyone　　　 B．The one C．Whoever　　　 D．Who

3．The magnificent tower must be saved，________the cost!

A．however　　　 B．whichever C．whatever　　　 D．wherever

4．(辽宁)________hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.

A．Whatever　　　 B．Whenever C．Wherever　　　 D．However

5．________we gave him something to eat，he would save it up for his little sister.

A．Whatever　　　 B．However C．Whichever　　　 D．Whenever

Ⅲ.语法专练

1．—You know，I’m poor in Chinese，you are not good at English，and...

—That’s________we should help each other.

A．when　　　 B．where C．how　　　 D．what

2．Water，which seems so simple and common，is________makes life possible.

A．what　　　 B．that C．which　　　 D．how

3．Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house.

A．what　　　 B．how C．which　　　 D．why

4．Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to.

A．which　　　 B．what C．where　　　 D．how

5．After five hours’ drive，they reached________they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.

A．where　　　 B．what C．which　　　 D．That

6. —How do you usually find out about new software?

—In the magazines like Popular Electronics. That's ________computer companies usually advertise.

A．which 　B．where C．what D．why

7. Though it is 20 years ________ we last met, I still remember the scene________ we got separated on a snowy day.

A．before; where B．before; which C．since; when D．since; where

8. My mother passed the driving­test at her first attempt. It was all ________ she had been practicing so hard.

A．why B．because C．that D．what

9. Whenever an earthquake happens, we should offer ________ help we could, to those victims.

A．however B．whenever C．whatever D．whichever

Uint2

1. diet 2.strength 3.limit 4. glared　5. benefit 6.balanced　7.curiosity 8.customers

9.weakness 10.consulted

1. get away with　2. in debt 3. earn his living 4.tell a lie　5.spy on 6.cut down

7.throw it away 8.win back CBACB BDCAC

【2011北京卷 31】The shocking news made me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.

A. what B. how C. that D. why

【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. A. what B. if C. how D. that

【2011上海卷 38】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand. A. why B. that C. which D. what

【2011山东卷 26】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why

【2011山东卷 33】We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it.

A. where B. what C. whether D. which

【2011江西卷 26.】The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.

A. this B. that C. what D. which

【2011江苏卷 26】It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.

A. that B. how C. when D. why

【2011安徽卷 33】His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what

【2011四川卷 10】Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.

A. why B. how C. what D. which

【2011辽宁卷 23】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach ______ to read first.

A. what B. who C . how D. why

【2011辽宁卷 32】When the news came _____ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.

A. since B. which C. that D. because

【2011天津卷 13】Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

【2011陕西卷 15】I’d like to start my own business–that’s ____ I’d do if I had the money.

A. why B. when C. which D. what

【2011重庆卷 22】It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where

【2011湖南卷)31】Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is.

A. what B. that C. which D. why

【2012全国】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.

A. how B. which C. that D. what

【2012北京】24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.

A. why B. how C. that D. whether

【2012福建】35. We promise _____ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever

【2012陕西】20. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _____ suits you best.

A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever

【2012山东】25. It doesn’t matter _____ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

A. how B. whether C. what D. why

【2012湖南】26. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ___ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. why B. how C. whether D. when

【2012天津】9. It doesn’t matter ____ you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park. A. whether B. how C. if D. when

【2012江西】25. It suddenly occurred to him ___ he had left his keys in the office.

A. whether B. where C. which D. that

【2012辽宁】34. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _____ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever

【2012四川】17. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.

A. when B. how C. that D. whether

【2012浙江】4. I made a promise to myself ____ this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what C. that D. how

【2012江苏】27. The notice came around two in the afternoon _____ the meeting would be postponed.

A. when B. that C. whether D. how

(2013北京)31. makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writ

A. That B. What C. Who D. Which

(2013北京)33. Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.

A. why B. where C. that D. what

(2013全国大纲卷)24. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_ I would be staying.

A. what B. when C. where D. which

(2013安徽)21．From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.

A. why B. how C. because D. whether

(2013江西)30. _______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.

A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever.

(2013山东)30. It’s good to know _____ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.
A. what B. whose C. which D. that

(2013陕西)20. It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.

A. that B. which C. what D. whether

(2013四川)6. _______ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.

A. When B. How C. What D. That

(2013天津)15. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.

A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What

(2013新课标Ⅰ)26. Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.

A. which B. where C. how D. what

(2013重庆)28. struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.

A. That B. It C. What D. Which

(2013浙江)16.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.

A how B that C which D whether

高中英语必修三第三单元教案