什么是YAG激光

What is YAG laser?

激光的种类很多，有气体激光、液体激光、半导体激光、和固体激光，其中固体激光包含红宝石激光、蓝宝石激光和YAG激光等，YAG激光属于固体激光的一种，它不同于红宝石和蓝宝石激光它的发光晶体是石榴石。

Laser has many kinds; gas laser, liquid laser, semiconductor laser, solid laser, and solid laser which contains ruby laser, sapphire laser and YAG laser, YAG laser is a solid laser, it is different from ruby and sapphire laser, it’s luminous is crystal garnet.

YAG激光的主要参数

YAG laser parameters

YAG激光的主要参数为波长：1064nm/532nm（纳米），输出能量：400～600mj（毫焦），固定脉宽：＜10ns（纳秒），频率:1～10次/秒。

除了以上参数外YAG激光还采用了调Q开关技术。

YAG laser wavelength of the main parameters: 1064nm/532nm, 400～600mj,

Fixed pulse: ＜10ns,

Frequency: 1 ~ 10 times/sec

Out of these parameters, YAG laser was also adopted Q-switched technology.

为什么采用调Q开关技术

Why do we use Q-switched technology?

祛除皮肤色素是以不损伤皮肤为前提的，除了选择激光的波长、输出能量、频率等指标外，还要保证不在正常组织上产生热量积累。既要有足够的能量击碎色素颗粒，又不让能量产生的时间过长，而损伤细胞组织。为此YAG激光采用了先进的调Q开关技术，把激光的固定脉宽控制在10ns(1ns等于10亿分之1秒)以内。

The precondition of skin pigment elimination is not to injure skin. Except for the selection of laser wavelengths and energy output, frequency and other indicators, but also guarantee that it will not have a normal heat accumulation. Both have enough energy smashed the pigment particles and energy from the time is too long and tissue injury. YAG laser use the advanced Q-switched technology, the fixed laser pulse control within 10 ns (the output equivalent to a 1 billion per seconds)

什么是调Q开关技术

What is the Q-switch technology?

调Q开关是一种带有时间控制的开关技术，开关一次能够把光的作用时间控制在10ns以内（1ns等于10亿分之1秒），这就是YAG激光的脉宽。

Q-switching is a time-controlled switch technology, switching to a role in the optical time in less than 10 ns (the output to 10 parts per billion an seconds), this is the YAG laser pulse.

YAG激光可以产生1064nm、532nm两种不同波长的激光，1064nm波长的YAG激光对正常色素皮肤组织的穿透深度约为4mm，而532nm倍频YAG激光的穿透深度则较浅。

YAG laser can produce 1,064 nm and 532nm two different wavelengths of laser, YAG laser of 1064nm wavelength on normal skin pigment of the penetration depth is about 4mm, and 532nm YAG laser frequency penetration depth is shallow.

两种不同波长的YAG激光对色素也有不同的选择，黑色和兰色对1064nm波长激光的吸收强于532nm波长激光，而红色和棕色对532nm波长激光的吸收又强于1064nm波长激光，因此1064nm波长激光选择破坏黑色和兰色色素，532nm波长激光则选择破坏红色和棕色色素。

Two different YAG laser wavelength of the pigment also have a different choice, black and blue wavelength of 1064 nm laser absorption is stronger than the 532nm wavelength laser, and the brown and red to 532nm wavelength laser absorption is stronger than the 1064 nm wavelength laser. So 1064 nm wavelength laser would damage black and blue pigment, 532nm wavelength laser is to undermine the Red and brown pigments.

不同的色素颗粒对不同波长激光的吸受系数不同，而且不同波长的激光对不同色素颗粒的穿透深度也不同。黑色和兰色色素颗粒对1064nm波长的激光的吸收能力强于532nm波长的激光，而红色和棕色的色素颗粒则相反。1064nm波长的激光对黑色和兰色皮肤组织的穿透深度约为1mm，532nm波长激光对红色和棕色的穿透深度仅为0.3mm左右。

Different pigment particles of different wavelength laser, absorption coefficient is different, and different wavelength of laser pigment particles of different depths of penetration is also different. Black and blue pigment granules on the 1064 nm wavelength laser absorption is stronger than the laser in the 532 nm wavelength, while red and brown pigment granules contrary. To black and blue skin, penetration depth of 1064nm wavelength laser is about 1mm, to red and brown skin, the penetration depth of 532nm laser wavelength is only about 0.3mm.

YAG激光不同光线破坏的色素

Different YAG laser damage different pigment

1064 nm波长的激光可以破坏黑色和蓝色色素，可以用于洗眉、洗眼线（尤其对扩散的眼线效果更加神奇）、洗文身（黑、蓝）、外伤性色素、太田痣。

1064nm wavelength laser could damage the black and blue pigment, can be used for washing brow, eyeliner (especially for the pigment-proliferation eyeliner, could have magical effect), washing tattoo (black and blue), traumatic pigment, naevus of Ota.

1064nm波长的激光祛除黑色唇线

1064nm wavelength laser can eliminate black lip liner.

1064nm波长的激光祛除黑色唇线

1064nm wavelength laser can eliminate black lip liner.

YAG激光不同光线破坏的色素

Different YAG laser damage different pigment

532nm波长的激光可以破坏红色和棕色色素，可用于洗红唇、棕色文眉、祛除红血丝、鲜红斑痣（紫红色胎记）、颧部褐青色痣、永久性祛除雀斑、蜘蛛痣。

532nm wavelength laser could damage the red and brown pigments, and can be used for washing vermilion, brown eyebrow, eliminating Gongxiesi. PWS (purple Birthmark), the malar fuscoceruleus moles,freckles permanent- eliminated, spider angioma.

YAG激光破坏色素的原理

Principle of YAG laser pigment-damaged

当相应波长、脉宽和能量的激光作用于色素颗粒时，瞬时的高温形成巨脉冲，被皮肤病变色素组织吸收后形成脉冲波，使色素颗粒气化、爆炸，此时部分浅表色素被击碎后呈粉末状弹出体外；

When the corresponding wavelength, pulse and energy of laser have an effect on pigment particles, giant pulse from instantaneous temperature was formed, pulse wave was formed after skin lesions absorbed giant pulse,

and pigment granules would gasification, explosion, At this moment , some superficial pigment were smashed to powder and was thrown out of our body.

较深部分被击碎的色素颗粒则被体内的巨噬细胞逐渐吞噬从而达到祛除皮肤色素的目的，其过程约需三个月左右。如还有残留色素，可在三个月后进行第二次，两次需间隔三个月以上。

Some were smashed deeper pigment granules were devoured by macrophage, thus we could achieve the objective of skin pigment elimination the process will take about three months or so. If there are residual pigment, the second time should be done in three months later, the interval should be three months.

YAG激光洗眉对照

eyebrow-washing before and after (YAG laser)

洗眉前

Eyebrow before washing

洗眉后

After washing eyebrows

洗眉前后

Eyebrow-washing before and after

一次未洗清的眉毛

Not a washed for eyebrow

YAG激光祛除色素过程中的常见问题

Common questions in the process of pigment-elimination for YAG laser

洗眉出血的原因

Bleeding reasons in washing eyebrow

YAG激光1064nm的光线不损伤表皮，但由于有的人文刺的深度过深，黑色素沉积于毛细血管以下，在爆炸弹出的过程中，擦伤毛细血管造成出血。

YAG laser at 1064nm light without injury to our skin, but some people embroider too deep and melanin deposition in the capillaries below, when the smashed powder was throwing out of our body, then caused capillary bleeding.

YAG激光洗眉为什么会留下疤痕？

Why does eyebrow-washing of YAG laser have scars left?

1064nm波长的激光本身不损伤表皮细胞，但如果黑色素刺入皮肤过深、过密，在爆炸弹出体外的的过程中会将基底细胞破坏，一旦大量的基底细胞受损，就会使表皮丧失了自身修复功能，也会形成疤痕。因此，YAG激光不形成疤痕是相对的，而不是绝对的。

1064nm wavelength laser does not damage skin cells, but if melanin piercing too deep and dense. It will damage fundic cells when the smashed powder was throwing out of our body, if a mass of fundic cells are damaged, scarfskin would lose its self-repaired ability, then scar formed.

In a word, the YAG laser scar formation is not a relative, not absolute.

如何杜绝YAG激光洗后形成疤痕

How to prevent scar after YAG laser eyebrow-washing?

遇到洗眉时出血点较多的情况，要减低激光输出的能量，使用大光斑低密度，采取多次除的方法，每次洗眉的间隔应控制在三个月以上，以减少对基底细胞的破坏，使基底细胞在洗眉后能够得到修复，可以减少疤痕的形成机率。

When eyebrow was bleeding more in eyebrow-washing, we must turn down laser’s output energy, narrow the range and reduce irradiation times, and take times of eyebrow-washing, each eyebrow-washing should be controlled in three months, to reduce basal cell damage. And basal cell can be restored after eyebrow-washing, and reduce the probability of scar formation.

532nm激光祛除棕色后使棕色加重的原因

Reasons for brown deepened after 532nm laser eliminated the brown

532nm波长的激光（绿色光）的作用是破坏棕色和红色色素， 但是532nm波长的激光效果并不象1064nm波长的激光祛除黑色色素的效果一样明显。同时，皮肤内的水分和红细胞也会因吸收这种光线而遭到破坏，因此对表皮有一定损伤，当激光将棕色色素破坏的同时表皮也会受到轻度的损伤，如出现渗液、结痂、脱痂后棕色加深等现象。其中脱痂后棕色加深的现象并非是棕色未被祛除而造成的，而是表皮受损后产生的创伤性色素沉着。这种色素沉着会在三个月左右，甚至更长的时间内自行消失，无须治疗。

　　　注：532nm激光对色素沉着不起作用,因此产生色素沉着后，严禁在皮肤恢复周期（三个月）内，反复使用532nm 激光治疗！！！

532nm wavelength laser (green) is to undermine brown and red pigment. However, the 532 nm wavelength laser on the effect of brown elimination

is not as obvious as the 1064nm wavelength laser eliminate the black pigment. Meanwhile, skin moisture and RBC(red blood cell) will also absorb this laser and destruct, it will certainly damage epidermis. When laser damaged brown pigment, it also would have a mild damage on epidermis, such as: tissue fluid seeping, crusted, brown deepened after crusted-off. Which brown deepened after crusted-off is not the cause of brown uneliminated, but the trauma pigmentation. Epidermal damage will cause the trauma pigmentation. This pigmentation will in about three months, or even longer to disappear, and without any treatment.

Note: 532nm laser on pigmentation is ineffective, therefore, we mustn’t use 532nm laser during renewed period (3 months).

如何减轻使用532nm激光后形成的色素沉着

How to ease pigmentation after using 532nm laser?

532nm激光会对表皮造成创伤性色素沉着,因此在使用中应注意以下几点:

532nm laser will cause epidermal traumatic pigmentation, we should pay attention to the following points:

1. 使用大光斑、低能量;尽量不使用小光斑、高能量；

Use narrow the range, low energy; try not to use expanded range and high energy.

2. 光斑的密度要相对稀疏，尽量不在同一部位反复照射；

The density of spot is should be a little sparse, try the best not to irradiate in the same part repeatedly.

3. 因为棕色色素祛除的效果不十分明显，所以不应急于求成，要采取分阶段（间隔三个月以上）祛除的方法；

Effect of brown pigment elimination is not very obvious, we should not be too greedy to be success and eliminate by stages(three-month above would be better).

同一处皮肤中存在多种色素的解决方法

Solution for removing multi-pigment in the same part.

文眉的色料中除黑色和兰色以外还有红色和棕色色素，用1064nm波长激光只能祛除黑色和兰色，如有剩余的红色和棕色，可在三个月以后用532nm波长激光祛除 。

Pigment for eyebrow-embroidered is not only black and orchid, but also red and brown,1064nm wavelength laser can only eliminate black pigment and orchid pigment, if our skin still have red pigment and brown pigment, we could use 532nm wavelength laser to eliminate 3 months later.

YAG激光如何祛除太田痣

How to eliminate YAG laser Ota?

太田痣是黑色素形成的色素痣，它的色素深伏在表皮内的各个层面，深度可到达真皮的浅表，且密度较高。

Ota is the nevus melanin formation, and its pigment found in every layer

the depth can be reached to the superficial dermis, and density is higher.

1064nm波长的激光祛除太田痣时，因激光对黑色素的能力有限，所以一次照射不会产生明显的效果。因此需要分阶段多次祛除，一般来说须五次以上才能见到显著的效果，每次需间隔三个月。

When we use 1064nm wavelength laser to eliminate Ota,

For the laser penetrator’s limitedness to melanin, the first irradiation will not have a significant effect. Therefore, elimination should be done for several times, in general, we could see obvious effect in 5 times or above, 3 months a time would be better.

什么是YAG激光