2014人教版八年级英语下册U10 重难点分析

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U10 I’ve had this bike for three years? 重难点分析 一、动词短语及用法

（一）要求学生掌握重点词汇及动词短语的用法。

1. 重点词汇的用法（介词，形容词）

(1 Among these is Zhang Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father.
Among prep.在（其）中，...之一

e.g. She sat among the children.
Among与between的区别：among一般用于三者或三者以上的，其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或有复数意义的名词或代词。Between一般指两者之间，其宾语往往是一个具体数目的人或物，或者是由 and连接的两个具体的人或物。

46-year-old作定语，为复合形容词，意为“46岁的”

“数次+名词+形容词”组成的复合形容词只作前置定语，不能作表语。

(2 In my hometown, there was a big old tree opposite the school.
Opposite prep.与......相对，在......对面，相当于across from
e.g. The post office is opposite the bank.
Opposite adj. 对面的，另一边的

e.g.They have opposite views on the question.
Opposite n. 对立面，对立物

e.g.Black is the opposite of white.
Opposite adv. 在对面

e.g.They sat opposite on the lawn.
(3 New buildings are often built by the government.
被动语态，其结构为“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”。

e.g.Can the magazines be taken out of the reading room?

by 介词，意为“被，由”

e.g.This bridge was built by the soldiers.
By的其他用法：

介词，用，靠，通过，表示方式或手段，后跟名词、代词、动名词。

e.g.Mr.Green makes a living by teaching.
副词，经过（某人、某物）

e.g. He went by the supermarket on his way to school.
介词，在...旁边，在...附近

e.g.Our teacher was sitting by the window.
介词，在...之前，不迟于...
e.g.I can finish doing my homework by 6 o’clock.

介词，乘...
e.g. I usually go to school by bike.
(4 Since 自从，自......以来，用来说明动作的起始时间，后面常跟时间点或过去时态的句子，如yesterday,last year,I was seven years old.等。 For 用来说明动作延续的时间长度，后面常跟时间段，如three years, two hours, a long time等。

e.g. He has known my brother for two years.
He has lived here since 2000.
2. 重点短语的用法

(1 I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.
a couple of 其一，表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物，其二，表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视具体的语境而决定。

e.g. You have to wait for a couples of hours for the clothes to dry completely.

Look! There are a couple of boys waiting for you at the door.
(2 And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.
Check out 察看，观察，check V.检查，审查；n.支票，账单

e.g. If you finish your papers,check it out by yourself first.
(3 ...but,to be honest, I have not played for a while now.
to be honest 是英语口语中一个常用表达，表示“说实话，老实说”。英语中类似的表达还有：to be frank, 意思是“坦率地说”。

e.g. To be honest, I don’t like him very much.

To be perfectly frank, I think that’s crazy idea.

(4 It’s a shame, but I just don’t have the time... It’s a shame 是一种常见的口语表达，表示一种不如人愿的情形，意思是“真遗憾，多可惜。” 其后可接不定式或由that引导的从句。

e.g. --I didn’t have enough money to buy the guitar I wanted.

--It’s a shame.

It’s a shame to cover this beautiful table with a tablecloth.

It’s a shame that you have to leave so soon.

shame 还可表示“（因做错事而感到的）羞愧；惭愧”

e.g. His face burned with shame.
(5 What do they want to do with the money from the sale?
do with 意为“处理；应付”

We must learn to do with all kinds of difficulties by ourselves.
do with 与deal with的区别

do with 常与连接代词what连用，deal with 常与连接副词how连用。（6）As for me, I didn’t want to give up my football shirts.

as for 意为“至于；就......而言”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

e.g. As for me, I have nothing to say.
give up 放弃。

(6I used to return home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for almost three years now.

Used to 过去常常

return 返回，相当于get back
(7According to Zhong Wei, however,some things will never change.
according to 依据，按照，to为介词，后面可跟代词、名词、从句。

e.g.Which of the following is true according to this passage?
三、重点句型的掌握

1. 现在完成时的疑问句。

e.g. How long have you had it?
2. It +be+adj. + to do sth.
e.g. It’s hard to say goodbye to some things.

3. 问价格的句子

e.g. How much is it?
4. 描述持有物品的时间

e.g.I have had it for three years.
I have had it since I was three years old.
5. 让步状语从句

e.g.Although he has not played with his old toys for a long time, he still wanted to keep them.
四、重要时态的用法


1. 现在完成时的意义及结构

2. 现在完成时的用法

3. 现在完成时的句型变化。

二、突破建议及方案

学会使用现在完成时谈论物品及周围建筑物，要由易至难，有简单到复杂，有单词到句子，逐步加深。


2014人教版八年级英语下册U10 重难点分析

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