World War II left much of Western Europe deeply scarred in many ways. Economically, it was devastated. In early 1948, as the Cold War developed between the United States and the Soviet Union and political tensions rose, U.S. policymakers decides that substantial financial assistance would be required to maintain a state of political stability. This conclusion led the Secretary of state, George C. Marshall, to announce a proposal; the European countries were advised to draw up a unified plan for reconstruction, to be funded by the U.S.

This European Recovery Program, also known as the Marshall Plan, provided economic and technical assistance to 16 countries. Between 1948 and 1952, participating countries received a combined total of 12 billion dollars in U.S. aid. In the end, the program was seen as a great success; it revived the economies of Western Europe and set them on a course for future growth.

36. Which of the following would be the best title for that passage?

(A) The aftermath of World War II

(B) The Marshall Plan; A PROGRAM FOR European Reconstruction

(C) The Economic Destructions of Europe

(D) George C.Marshall; the Man behind the Plan

(E) Western European Recovery

37. The tone of the author toward the Marshall Plan is

(A) objective

(B) Excited

(C) Insistent

(D) anxious

(E) unfavorable

38. All of the following are true about the Marshall Plan EXCPT

(A) it provided economic assistance to 16 countries

(B) it went into action in 1948

(C) it supplied economic aid for a period spanning four years

(D) it gave each of the participating countries 12 billion a great long-term success

39. The passage suggests that the driving force behind the Marshall Plan was

(A) A formal req40uest for aid by European leaders

(B) Fear of economic repercussions for the U.S. economy

(C) George C. Marshall’s desire to improve his political career and public image

(D) A joint U.S. Soviet agreement to assist the countries of Western Europe

(E) The increase in tension between the United States and the Soviet Union

40. Which of the following would the author be most likely to discuss next

(A) Developments in the Cold War during and after the years of the Marshall Plan

(B) The events leading up to Western Europe’s economic collapse

(C) The detailed effects of the Marshall Plan on specific countries

(D) Other successful economic recovery programs employed throughout history

(E) How George C. Marshall became the U.S. Secretary of State

试题解析：

36、B。A过于笼统，不够具体。C只是马歇尔计划的背景之一。D应该是一篇人物传记的标题。E没有讲明时间，而且如果以E为标题，文章正文应该讲欧洲经济复兴的具体举措。

37、A。作者还是比较客观的，没有掺杂个人的感情因素。

38、D。文中说的是总共12billion，而不是每个国家。

39、E。In early 1948, as the Cold War developed between the United States and the Soviet Union and political tensions rose, U.S. policymakers decides that substantial financial assistance would be required to maintain a state of political stability。可知马歇尔计划的初衷是为了维持对苏联的政治优势。

40、A。最后一段作者提到了马歇尔计划对经济的复苏作用，但是不具有说服力，所以作者很有可能在接下来举几个国家的例子增强说服力。

It has been said that” History is written by the winners,” and to a certain extent this statement is true. If nothing else, history has a very selective memory. As we study the events of World War II, stories continue to surface. Some of these are happy; others are sad. Still others are merely intriguing.

One such story is that of Vasili Zeitsev, who fought for the Russian army against the invading Germans. Zeitsev, a deer hunter from the Urals, became a hero for his marksmanship; in one ten-day period, he shot 40 Germans. He was so good a shot, and so demoralizing for German soldiers, that the Germans shipped in their own sharpshooter, Colonel Heinz Thornwald, Zeitsev proved the better soldier. Thornwald, after attempting a shot,, stuck up his head for a quick look around; Zeitsev took the advantage and eliminated Thornwald. By the end of the war, Zeitsev alone defeated 242 Germans before he was blind by a land mine.

Anyone interested in Zeitsev’s story can watch the recent film Enemy at the Gates, staring Joseph Fiennes, Jude Law, and Ed Harries. Even though some details have been changed, for example the inclusion of a love triangle, the movie is quite exciting and informative.

21. How many Germans did Zeitsev kill?

(A) 142

(B) 242

(C) 342

(D) 442

(E) 542

22. What does the phrase “History is written by the winners” mean?

(A) The losers, because of their suffering, are more interesting to listen to.

(B) The soldiers, because of their sacrifice, are ignored.

(C) The winners, because they are now more powerful, can conruol information flow.

(D) The generals, because of their military skill, can remain silent.

(E) The artists, because of their skill, will listen to the soldiers.

23. What ended Zeitsev’s career?

(A) He stepped on a land mine and blew himself up.

(B) He went deaf after standing too near a tank when it fired its shot.

(C) He drowned in the attack on Normandy.

(D) He was blinded by a land mine.

(E) He was paralyzed when the cavalry stampeded his tent.

24. Zeitsev was____.

(A) American

(B) French

(C) German

(D) neutral

(E) Russian

25.The author intended ____.

(A) to anger the reader

(B) to relate an interesting historical tidbit

(C) to plug the movie Enemy at the Gates

(D) to praise the Germans

(E) to document the story of Heinz Thornwald

26. What can we infer from Thornwald’s defeat?

(A) If Thornwald had aimed to the left, Zeitsev would be dead.

(B) If Zeitsev had been more careful about checking his shot, Thornwald would be alive.

(C) If Thornwald had not eaten 15 minutes before making his shot, Zeitsev would be alive.

(D) If Thornwald had not joined the German army, Zeitsev would not have joined the Russian army.

(E) If Thornwald had been more careful about checking to see whether he hit, Zeitsev might not have gotten a shot.

27. Because of his great aim, which of the following jobs was Zeitsev assigned?

(A)sniper

(B) radio man

(C) gunner

(D) pilot

(E) cook

试题解析：

21、B。细节题。直接到文章找数词，选B。ACDE不合文意。

22、选C。只有C选项符合。 It has been said that” History is written by the winners,” and to a certain extent this statement is true. If nothing else, history has a very selective memory. ABDE与文意不不符。

23、D．细节题。Zeitsev alone defeated 242 Germans before he was blind by a land mine. ABCE与文章大意不合。

24、E．细节题。One such story is that of Vasili Zeitsev, who fought for the Russian army against the invading Germans.可以推断出来Zeitsev是俄国人。所以选E。ABCD与文章大意不合。

25、E．A选项是为了惹怒读者。不合文意。B叙述一个很有趣的历史轶事。与文意不合。C讲述一个电影敌人，与文意不合。D表扬德国人，与文意不合。E陈述Heinz Thornwald的故事，选项正确。

26、E。E如果Thornwald更加小心检查他是否射击了，Zeitsev就不会被射到了。ABCD均与文意不合

27、A． 因为他的远大目标，Zeitsev成为了一个gunner.细节题，由文章此句可以看出，He was so good a shot, and so demoralizing for German soldiers, that the Germans shipped in their own sharpshooter, Colonel Heinz Thornwald, Zeitsev proved the better soldier. 只有A是射击手的意思，所以选A。

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