小学1-6年级英语知识点大全

发布时间:2020-04-25 00:22:51

小学1-6年级英语知识点大全!

1.现在进行时

表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.如:

It is raining now.外面正在下雨。

It is six o'clock now.现在6点了。

My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸。

Look! The children are having a running race now.看!孩子们正在赛跑!

问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not.

2.一般现在时

表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。

结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加ses.如:

We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课。

Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的。

问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don't, doesn't,后面动词一定要还原。

3.一般过去时

表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。

结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。如:

My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。

Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了。

What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm.你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。

问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。

4.一般将来时

表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。如:

What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。

The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。

Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。

问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not.

5.情态动词

can; can't shouldshouldn't mustmay后一定加动词原形。如:

The girl can't swim, but he can skate.女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰。

Don't talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.

不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。

6.祈使句

肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。如:

Open the box for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。

Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛,明天请早点起床!

Don't walk on the grass!不要在草地上走!

Helen! Don't climb the tree,please.海伦!不要爬树。

7.go的用法

去干嘛用go +动词ing.如:

go swimming; go fishing;

go skating;

go camping;

go running;

go skiing;

go rowing…

8.比较

than 前用比较级;as…as之间用原级。如:

My mother is two years younger than my father.

我妈比我爸年轻两岁。

Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远

9.喜欢做某事

like +动词inglike+ to + 动原。如:

Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。

The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。

10.想要做某事

would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。例:

I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum.

11.some

用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用。如:

Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?

12.代词

人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后。如:Open them for me,Let us …, join me等。宾格分别是me you him her it us you them

形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs

13.介词

介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式

如:be good at running;do well in jumping;

14.时间介词

季节前,月份前用介词in。如:

in summerin March.

具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on。如:

on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning.

在几点钟前用介词at。如:

at a quarter to four;

只在上下午晚上用in。如:

in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;

但在夜间用at night

另:季节,月份和星期前不好加the.

15.名词复数构成的方法

有规则的有:

(1)直接在名词后加s.如:

orange—oranges; photo—photos;

(2) x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es。如:

box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach—peaches.

(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改yies。如:

study—studieslibrary—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families.

(4)f, fe结尾的改f, fe ves,如:

knife—knives; thief—thieves(注:o结尾的我们学过的只有mangoes, mango—mangoes其余加s,

不规则的有:

man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children

16.动词第三人称单数的构成

(1)直接在动词后加s,如:

run—runs; dance—dances

(2)s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es,如:

do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改yies,如:

study—studies; carry—carries;

17.现在分词的构成

(1)直接在动词后加ing,如:

sing—singing; ski—skiing;

(2)双写词尾加ing,如:

swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;

(3)以不发音的e结尾的去eing,如:

ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;

18.规则动词过去式的构成

(1)直接在动词后加ed,如:

clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;

(2)e结尾的直接加d,如:

dance—danced; taste—tasted;

(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改yied,如:

study—studied;carry—carried;

(4)双写词尾加ed,如:

stop—stopped; jog—jogged;

不规则的有:

am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;

19.形容词副词比较级的构成

规则的:

(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er,如:

small—smaller; low—lower;

(2)e结尾的加r,如:

late—larer;

(3)双写词尾加er,如:

big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;

(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改yier,如:

heavy—heavier; early—earlier;

不规则的有:

good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much—more(最高级为most); far—farther.

20.rain与snow的用法

(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词。如:

There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。

(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:动词原形rain snow;第三人称单数rains snows;现在分词raining snowing;过去式rained snowed;如:

①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。

②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。

③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。

④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。

(3)形容词为rainy snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的,如:

It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。

If it is rainy tomorrow, I'll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。

21.比较级

注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。如:

My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancy's. My brother is stronger than me.

22.have, has

表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数)There is/ are;

There was/ were 表示某地存在有;注意There be 句型的就近原则;单数或不可数用there is /was;复数用there are/ were.

23.本身就是复数的词

眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。如:

My glasses were on the chair just now.

但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数。如:

There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.

24.五个元音字母

分别是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;

25.一个的用法

a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。如:

There is an 's', a 't', a 'u', a 'd' ,an 'e', an 'n',and a 't' in the word ‘student’.

26.时间表示法

有两种:(1)直接读时钟和分钟。如:

6:10读成 six ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five;

(2)topast表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点。如:

610读成ten past six; 7:30读成half past seven;

过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分。如:

745读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten;

27.基数词变序数词的方法

基变序有规律,结尾加上th 一二三特殊例,结尾字母td(first, second, third);八去t 九去e ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth; nine—ninth; five-- fifth ;twelve—twelfth);

tyyie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twenty—twentiethforty—fortieth);

几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二十一为twenty-first)。

另外强调序数词前一定要加the

28.日期的表示法

the+序数词+ of +月。如:

三月三日 the third of March;

1225 the 25th of December.

29.both和all

both 表示两者都,如:

My parents are both teachers.

all表示三者以上都,如:

The students are all very excited.

30.节日的表示法

day的节日前用on,没有day的节日前用at。如:

at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year's Day.

31.激动兴奋的

excited表示激动地、兴奋地,主语是人;exciting表示令人激动的、令人兴奋的主语是事情。如:

The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.赛跑非常令人激动,因此所有的学生都很激动。

32.比较

两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级。如:

Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does.谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。

Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。

Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。

33.动词还原的用法

前面用了do, does did, don't, doesn't didn't后面动词要还原。如:

Did she watch TV last night?

Helen doesn’t like taking photos.

34.到了

到达用get to,但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加to。如:

get home; get here; get there

另外go home; come here; go there也一样。

35.长着和穿着

长着什么用with,如:

the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;

穿着什么用in,如:

the man in black穿黑衣服的男人;或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女

36.让某人做某事

let sb后加动词原形,如:

Let’s water the flowers together.

是该做的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动原。帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth。如:

帮我学英语是 help me with my English

37.树上

外来的东西在树上用in the tree,如:

the bird in the tree;

树上长的用on the tree,如:

the apples on the tree

38.运动和乐器

球类之前不加the;乐器之前必须加the。如:

play the piano; play football

39.

一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一个月是January

40.

get后加比较级表示变得更怎么样,如:

get stronger; get longer 

(以上图文部分来源互联网)

小学1-6年级英语知识点大全

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