《1-2页：xml中文面试题》

《3-4页：XML英文面试题》

1、xml有哪些解析技术?区别是什么?
答：有DOM,SAX,DOM4J，STAX等
DOM:处理大型文件时其性能下降的非常厉害。这个问题是由DOM的树结构所造成的，这种结构占用的内存较多，而且DOM必须在解析文件之前把整个文档装入内存,适合对XML的随机访问。

SAX:不现于DOM,SAX是事件驱动型的XML解析方式。它顺序读取XML文件，不需要一次全部装载整个文件

。当遇到像文件开头，文档结束，或者标签开头与标签结束时，它会触发一个事件，用户通过在其回调事件中写入处理代码来处理XML文件，适合对XML的顺序访问

STAX:Streaming API for XML (StAX)

2、你在项目中用到了xml技术的哪些方面?如何实现的?
答：用到了数据存贮，信息配置两方面。在做数据交换平台时，将不能数据源的数据组装成XML文件，然后将XML文件压缩打包加密后通过网络

传送给接收者，接收解密与解压缩后再同XML文件中还原相关信息进行处理。在做软件配置时，利用XML可以很方便的进行，软件的各种配置参

数都存贮在XML文件中。

3、XML文档定义有几种形式？它们之间有何本质区别？解析XML文档有哪几种方式？
答：a: 两种形式 dtd schema，b: 本质区别:schema本身是xml的，可以被XML解析器解析(这也是从DTD上发展schema的根本目的)，c:有

DOM,SAX,STAX等
DOM:处理大型文件时其性能下降的非常厉害。这个问题是由DOM的树结构所造成的，这种结构占用的内存较多，而且DOM必须在解析文件之

前把整个文档装入内存,适合对XML的随机访问
SAX:不现于DOM,SAX是事件驱动型的XML解析方式。它顺序读取XML文件，不需要一次全部装载整个文件。当遇到像文件开头，文档结束，或者标

签开头与标签结束时，它会触发一个事件，用户通过在其回调事件中写入处理代码来处理XML文件，适合对XML的顺序访问
STAX:Streaming API for XML (StAX）

4.简述逻辑操作(&,|,^)与条件操作(&&,||)的区别。(15分)
区别主要答两点:
a.条件操作只能操作布尔型的,而逻辑操作不仅可以操作布尔型,而且可以操作数值型
b.逻辑操作不会产生短路.如:
int a = 0;
int b = 0;

if( (a = 3) > 0 || (b = 3) > 0 ) //操后a =3,b=0.
if( (a = 3) > 0 | (b = 3) > 0 ) //操后a =3,b=3.
  
答对第一点得5分,答对第二点得10分.

本题考察最最基本的知识,但仍然有很多大牛级开发人员下马,任何语言在开始的部分
都会详细介绍这些基本知识,但除了学习第一种语言时,没有人在学习新的语言时愿意
花五分钟来复习一下.

5.下面程序运行会发生什么结果?如果有错误,如何改正? (15分)
interface  A{
  int x = 0;
}
class B{
  int x =1;
}
class C
    extends B implements A {
  public void pX(){
    System.out.println(x);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    new C().pX();
  }
}
}

本题在编译时会发生错误(错误描述不同的JVM有不同的信息,意思就是未明确的x调用,
两个x都匹配,就象在同时import java.util和java.sql两个包时直接声明Date一样)

本题主要考察对接口和类的最最基本的结构的了解.对于父类的变量,可以用super.x来
明确,而接口的属性默认隐含为 public static final.所以可以通过A.x来明确.

6.简述 Java Server Page 和 Servlet 的联系和区别。(20分)
本题不用多说,在答相同点时应该明确知道jsp编译后是"类servlet"而"不是Servlet",
答区别时应该回答出"侧重于(视图/控制逻辑)".其它可根据情况加减分值.知识很简单,
但从面试的角度看,被试者不仅要能知道它们的区别,而且要能比较准确地表达出来(以
后写文档要能让别人看得懂,不产生歧义),回答"jsp编译后就是servlet"视为错误,回答
"jsp用于视图,servlet用于控制逻辑"视为错误,应该用侧重于,主要(多数)用于等词语
表达.

7.XML文档定义有几种形式？它们之间有何本质区别？
解析XML文档有哪几种方式？(20分)
本题三个答题点:
a: 两种形式 dtd,schema
b: 本质区别:schema本身是xml的,可以被XML解析器解析(这也是从DTD上发展schema的
根本目的)
c: 两种主要方式:dom,sax.答出两种得全分,如能答出saxt,或其它(在答出dom,sax的基
础上,如果应试者认为其它方式也可以视为对xml的解析应该允许.但没有答出dom,sax把
其它方式说成是对XML的解析不得分)应该加分.

5.简述synchronized和java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock的异同 ？(15分)

主要相同点:
Lock能完成synchronized所实现的所有功能.(其它不重要)
主要不同点:
Lock有比synchronized更精确的线程语义和更好的性能(在相同点中回答此点也行)
synchronized会自动释放锁.而Lock一定要求程序员手工释放.并且必须在finally从句
中释放,如果没有答出在finally中释放不得分.就如Connection没有在finally中关闭一
样.连最基本的资源释放都做不好,还谈什么多线程编程.

8.EJB规范规定EJB中禁止的操作有哪些？(15分)
共有8点,答出下列3-4点得满分.

不能操作线程和线程API(线程API指非线程对象的方法如notify,wait等)
2.不能操作awt
3.不能实现服务器功能
4.不能对静态属生存取.
5.不能使用IO操作直接存取文件系统
6.不能加载本地库.
7.不能将this作为变量和返回.
8.不能循环调用.

外企XML面试试题

（1）Learn Xml Interview Questions... Yes, here you can learn xml interview questions like Validation Xml or Xml File Validation, Xml Parsing Java and all the things related to Validation Xml or Xml File Validation, Xml Parsing Java with xml interview questions.
Question:-What is XML ?
Answer: XML is the Extensible Markup Language. It improves the functionality of the Web by letting you identify your information in a more accurate, flexible, and adaptable way. It is extensible because it is not a fixed format like HTML (which is a single, predefined markup language). Instead, XML is actually a metalanguage—a language for describing other languages—which lets you design your own markup languages for limitless different types of documents. XML can do this because it's written in SGML, the international standard metalanguage for text document markup (ISO 8879).

（2）Question:-What is DOM?
Answer: Document Object Model (DOM) is a W3C specification that defines a standard (abstract) programming API to build, navigate and update XML documents. It is a "tree-structure-based" interface. As per the DOM specification, the XML parsers (such as MSXML or Xerces), load the entire XML document into memory, before it can be processed. XPath is used to navigate randomly in the document, and various DOM methods are used to create and update (add elements, delete elements, add/remove attributes, etc.) the XML documents.

（3）Question :Parse an XML file or XML file validation ?
Answer: We can parse an xml FILE with an xsd FILE.  It message us that our file is not well-formed and then if it is not valid it lists out the specific reason ,it is  quite helpful to find an error in a large XML file it also returns line number  which contain error  also the tag name. That is done in Visual Studio .NET so to get it to work you will have to change the code around to whatever you want to do. One thing is  that we must have  namespace in the root element of the XML file.

（4）Question:-What is XPath?
Answer: XML Path Language (XPath) is a W3C specification that defines syntax for addressing parts of XML document. XML document is considered as a logical tree structure, and syntax based on this consideration is used to address elements and attributes at any level in the XML document. For example, considering the XML document described above in answer to question 2, /abc:Employees/abc:Emp/@EmpID XPath expression can be used to access the EmpID attribute under the (first) Emp element under the Employees document element. XPath is used in various other specifications such as XSLT.

（5）Question:-What is XHTML?
Answer: Is simple words, XHTML, or Extensible HTML, is HTML 4 with XML rules applied to it (each begin tag must have an end tag, attribute values in single/double quotes, etc.). However, the overall vision of XHTML is much more than that. In addition to using XML syntax for HTML, XHTML also encloses specifications such as XHTML Basic (minimal set of modules for devices such as PDAs), XForms (represents the next generation of forms for the Web, and separates presentation, logic, and data), XML Events (provides XML languages with the ability to uniformly integrate event listeners and associated event handlers), etc.

（6）Question:-What is XML Parser ?
Answer: Microsoft's XML parser is a COM component that comes with Internet Explorer 5 and higher. Once you have installed Internet Explorer, the parser is available to scripts.
Microsoft's XML parser supports all the necessary functions to traverse the node tree, access the nodes and their attribute values, insert and delete nodes, and convert the node tree back to XML.

To create an instance of Microsoft's XML parser with JavaScript, use the following code:
var xmlDoc=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")

To create an instance of Microsoft's XML parser with VBScript, use the following code:
set xmlDoc=CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")

To create an instance of Microsoft's XML parser in an ASP page (using VBScript), use the following code:
set xmlDoc=Server.CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")

The following code loads an existing XML document ("note.xml") into Microsoft's XML parser:

（7）Question:- Some Limitation or Disadvantage of XML?
Answer: XML markup has a few disadvantages:
It can be verbose unless element and attribute names are chosen with care. In large documents the markup overhead need not be large, but in short messages it can be significantly more than the actual data, especially when the element or attribute names are concocted by machine.

Overlapping markup is not permitted (an element cannot start inside one element and end inside another): element markup must nest hierarchically.

Some of the software is truly mediocre.

Question:- How to add in XML document through XSL ?
Answer: XSL (the eXtensible Stylesheet Language) is far more sophisticated than CSS. One way to use XSL is to transform XML into HTML before it is displayed by the browser as demonstrated in these examples:
Below is a fraction of the XML file. The second line,
, links the XML file to the XSL file:




Belgian Waffles
$5.95

two of our famous Belgian Waffles

650

（8）Question:- How do I convert my existing HTML documents into XML?
Answer: Tidy is a command-line utility which runs on a wide variety of operating systems; it uses various command-line switches (parameters) to control its processing. At a minimum, it simply cleans up your HTML by ensuring that elements are properly nested and so on; it also warns you if your HTML uses non-standard code that's likely to cause cross-browser compatibility problems. One of the most useful command-line options is -asxml ("as XML," see?), which does what you seem to be asking. It will properly balance elements, per usual, but it also adds some extra information to the document. For instance, it tacks on an XML declaration, , and a statement, which unambiguously mark this as an XML document. To the root html element it also adds a namespace-declaring attribute that identifies all elements in the document as conforming to the specific XML vocabulary known as XHTML. It even forces all element names to lowercase, since the XHTML standard requires it.

If you're asking about converting HTML to a less generic form of XML than XHTML, your task may turn out to be quite complex. For example, if you've been using HTML to mark up customer invoices, not only the customer's name but also their number, item(s) ordered, quantity, and price are probably all wrapped up inside

and

tags. How do you know which "kind of paragraph" contains a given kind of information, so you can turn one instance of the p element into a custname element, another into custnumber, another into price, and so on? If you've been using CSS for styling your HTML, you may have supplied the different p elements with class="custname" (etc.) attributes and so on; if that's the case, you may be able to generate meaningful XML using an XSLT stylesheet. There may also be customized software to do the sort of conversion you want. Otherwise you're probably looking down the barrel of an ugly gun.

（9）Question:- What is a schema? What are the limitations of a DTD?
Answer: SCHEMA is nothing but METADATA. The schema holds all the information of the xml file that is to be deployed in the project. Metatdata is nothing about data about data since we know that xml is used for data representation language we will be able to understand what metadata is. Metadata includes the tags that is going to be exchanged to and fro from another xml file. DTD (DATA TYPE DEFINITION ) which supervises two conditions namely well formedness and closeness of the xml file. So the user should be aware of what tags he was put into use of this xml file 'A' should be intimated to another application's XML file 'B', by then our xml file will interact with the another xml file, this is the major limitation and mandatory issue that the developers should follow

xml面试题