Unit 3 The environment

Ⅰ.学习目标

1. Unit 重点单词、短语

2. 目的状语从句的用法

Ⅱ.重点、难点分析

1.Our world is in danger.我们的世界处于危险中。

in danger 在危险中，濒危

This kind of bird is in danger. We need to do something to protect them.

拓展 out of danger 脱离危险

He is out of danger now.

2.The atmosphere around the Earth is necessary for all living things.

①sth. is necessary for sb/ sth对于某人而言，干什么是必须的。

Water is necessary for fish.

拓展：It’s necessary for sb. to do 对于某人而言，干什么是必须的

It’s necessary for us to go to school on time.

② living things 生物，living adj 活的，活着的

They are like living textbooks for young people.

辨析：living 和alive

两者都为形容词，living活的，活着的，即可作表语又可作定语，既可以用于指人也可以用于指物。而alive 活的 不用于名词前，只做表语。

They are living and as happy as ever.他们都还活着，并且跟以前一样快活。

Luckily, the boy is still alive. 幸运的是，那个男孩还活着。

3. As a result of the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing.

①as a result of 由于，作为……的结果，与because of 同义。

He died as a result of his injuries.他由于受伤而死亡。

辨析：as a result of 和 as a result

as a result of 介词短语 由于……，后跟名词、代词等

as a result 副词短语 结果，后跟事情的结果

I was late as a result of the heavy rain.

He got up late today. As a result, he missed the early bus.

②increase 增长、增多增加 此处是不及物动词

The population of the world is increasing fast.

拓展：increase by 增长了……，by后接百分数、倍数或增长的幅度;increase to 增长到……， to后接具体的数字

They increase the price by 20％.

The population of our country has increased to 1.3 billion.

4.In order to protect the environment ,we need to take proper action.

proper adj. 正确的； 恰当的

I didn’t think it was proper to ask for the lady’s telephone number so soon.我认为这么快就要那位女士的电话号码不太合适。

同根词 properly adj. 正确地，合适地

She can read German but has trouble speaking it properly.

4. Every year, we destroy nature by cutting down huge areas of foreasts.

nature n. 自然界，大自然

We like camping, it makes us feel closer to nature.

Our purpose is not only to conquer nature but also to remake nature.我们的目的不仅要征服自然，而且还要改造自然。

同根词 natural adj. 自然的，天然的

Don’t worry .It’s a natural phenomenon. 别担心，这是自然现象。

We must protect the natural environment.

6. If we just learn to live in new and different ways, we can make a difference.

Make a difference 有作用，有影响，与众不同

The easiest way to make a difference is not to throw rubbish away.

It doesn’t make a difference to you, does it?

7. I am concerned too.

be concerned 关心，担心，挂念，concerned为ad,通常与for和about 连用，与be worried about 同义。

Don’t be concerned about/for me.

8.This causes sea level to rise, and in the future may cause cities to disappear.

辨析：in future和in the future

in future:相当于from now on 今后,从今以后

"I hope they'll be more cautious in future, " he observed.

Keep your opinions to yourself in future!

in the future:在将来

The boy wants to become a philosopher in the future.

We learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future.

我们从过去中学习，体验现在，展望未来的成功。

Ex.1

一． 根据句子的意思，用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.It’s clear that __________（nature）disaster is one of the reasons to the economic crisis.

2.In order to protect the water resources, we need _________(take) proper action.

3.Our environment is __________ (danger) if we don’t stop polluting it.

4.Cutting down trees also ___________(destroy) the homes of animals.

5.I don’t doubt that the police acted __________(proper)

6.The food industry is playing more attention to young ___________(consume).

7.It causes the surface of the soil to be __________(easy) destroyed by rain.

8.We can help protect the environment if we change our bad __________ (habit).

9.As a result of the earthquake, many people _________ (leave) homeless.

10The government has decided _________ (increase) salaries for all civil servants.

语法like & same & different

语法梳理

A、“The same”and “different”.

如果两个或两个以上的事物是完全相同，英语中可以用the same 表达，如果不相同，我们可以用different 表达。The same 和 different可以做形容词做表语或者做定语修饰名词代词等, the same 后面常接单数名词而different 后常接复数名词.

We are in the same school,but we are in different classes.

.B、“like”，“the same as”和“different from”

说明事物或人物之间存在某种程度的相似性，我们常用“like”或“be like；look like“,像……；看起来像”。

说明事物或人物完全相同，我们常用：“the same as”。

既不相似也不相同，我们常用：“be different from”。

He ran out ___________ an arrow.（像）

It’s ________a special music, sounds great!（像）

Mr Jiang’s computer and my computer are ___________in size, his is big and mine is small.（不同）

An MP3 player _________ ___________ _________ a CD player, an MP3 player doesn’t use discs.（不同于）

My bike _________ ___________ _________ as yours.(相同）

This suit looks _________ ___________ _________ that one..(相同）

C、“the same …as”

我们可以把名词或短语放在the same之后，构成the same+n./phrase+as句型。

My father works in the same company as her uncle.

D. 总结句子结构：

1. sth. + v. + the same

这两首歌听起来一样。 ___________________________________

2. sth. + v. +different

这三个教室大小不一样。___________________________________

3. sb. + v. + like + sth.

坐在那里的老人像块石头。

______________________________________________

4.sth.+v.+the same as +sth.

我衣服的颜色和你的相同。

_____________________________________________________

5.sth. + v. + different from + sth.

他们的房间和我们的不同。

_____________________________________________________

6. the same + n .+ as

她和我犯了同一个错误。

________________________________

Ex.2

1. Peter is the same age ___________Paul.

2. We should be different __________them and use both sides of paper.

3. The cat in picture A is ___________(small) than the one in picture B.

4. He is as tall ___________his father now.

5. I can speak English as _________(good) as French.

单元测试

一.单项选择

1.We must do something to stop people from _________.

A.to throw litter about B. to throw litter into

C. throwing litter about D. throwing litter into

2. ___________the students in Zhejiang University are from foreign countries.

A. Seven hundreds of B.Seven hundreds C.Seven hundred of D.Hunderds of

3. I have arranged for a car to ____________at the station.

A.pick them up B.pick up them C.pick them on D.pick on them

4.There were ________ many horrible smells _____I can’t stay here more than one minute.

A.such; that B.too;for C.too; so D.so; that

5.When I _______ ,I found myself ________ a terrible place.

A.wake up; in B.woke up; in C.fell asleep; at D.fall asleep; at

6.Bob hasn’t changed. He _______ exactly _________ he did at school.

A.looks; the same as B.look; the same as C.looks; the same to D.has looked; the same as

7. He ________ his watch ________ his pocket, and wanted to know the time.

A.takes…out of B.took…out of C.takes…out with D.took…out with

8.The seeds must be covered with _______earth.

A.a layer of B.a lay of C.a layer with D.a lay with

9.This book ________believable, interesting characters.

A.is full with B.is filled of C.is full of D.is full

10. I feel lost and _______ in a strange town_______.

A.alone; lonely B.alone; alone C.lonely; lonely D.lonely; alone

二．语法选择

How do people pass on messages? When you write a letter or make a telephone call, your words take a message. People communicate with words. Do you think you can communicate with words? A smile   26   your face shows you are happy and friendly. Tears in your eyes tell   27   that you are sad. When you   28   your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something   29   ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying no. You nod and people know you are saying yes.

　　Other things can also give some information.   30, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus  31  . A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you how to go in or out.   32   you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from   33  all the time? People can communicate in many other ways. An artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things. Books   34   to tell you about all wonderful things in the world and also about people and their ideas.  Books, magazines, TV and radio and films all help us to communicate with other people. They all help us to know    35   is going on in the world.

11. A. in       B. on              C. at            D. over

12. A. others          B. the others  C. other          D. the other

13. A. put on      B. put out      C. put up         D. put down

14. A. when       B. or              C. but             D. and

15. A. For example    B. Such as          C. However         D. Even though

16. A. to get          B. to go       C. to have         D. to take

17. A. Do            B. Did             C. Had           D. Have

18.  A. it            B. itself            C. them          D. themselves

19. A. write          B. wrote      C. is written      D. are written

20.A. what          B. which           C. that           D. who

完型填空。

Last week I read a report on a charity show. The aim of the show was to  __1___ money for the poor children who were out of school ___2__ their families didn’t have___3__money for their children.
     Many famous pop stars __4__ the charity show, such as Jackie Chan and Lin Junjie. The stars didn't__5__ any pay (报酬). They did that for free. There were a lot of performances, including singing and dancing. The audience were___6__excited that they clapped their hands (鼓掌) from time to time. Of course, the show was __7__

All the people followed the ___8__examples. They gave their money to the charity show. Both the ticket money and the donated money would be sent to the poor areas and some of the poor children would go back to school.
     Now many charity shows___9__ in our country, not only to support education in poor areas but also to help people in trouble. I hope the whole world will become more and more beautiful___10___ people's help.

( ) 21. A. pay B. raise C. give D. spend

( ) 22. A. but B. so C. because D. and

( )23. A. too many B. enough C. much too D. many

( ) 24. A. join B. take part in C. took part in D. joined

( ) 25. A. ask for B. hand out C. worry about D. cost

( ) 26. A. very B. such C. so D. quite

( ) 27. A. important B. successful C. tiring D. boring

( ) 28. A. stars B. star’s C. stars’ D. audience’s

( ) 29. A. are held B. hold C. are holding D. are giving

( ) 30. A. under B. with C. without D. by

四．阅读理解。

A

1970 was "World Conservation Year". The UN wanted everyone to know that the world was in danger - they hoped that governments would act quickly in order to conserve nature. Here is one example of the problem. At one time there were 1,300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland, but now only remain 860. The others have been destroyed by modern man and his technology. We are changing the earth, the air and the water, and everything that grows and lives here. We can't live without these things. If it continues like this, we shall destroy ourselves.

What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more important to ask "What must we do now?" The people who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young of today. A lot of them know that conservation is necessary. Many are helping to save our world. They plant trees, build bridges across rivers in forests, and so on. In a small town in the United States a large group of girls cleaned the banks of 11 kilometers of their river. Young people may hear about conservation through a record called NO ONE'S GOING TO CHANGE OUR WORLD. It was made by the Beatles and other singers. The money from it will help to conserve wild animals.

31. The UN set up "World Conservation Year" because_________. .

A. the world was in danger of war

B. the government had done something to protect the world

C. many things were destroyed by the technology

D. man and his technology destroyed the earth badly

32. ________kinds of plants have disappeared in Holland in the past few years.

A .860 B. 440 C. 1,300 D. 2,160

33. "NO ONE'S GOING TO CHANGE OUR WORLD" is________. .

A. a record B. a song C. a book D. a CD

34. It is impossible to save our world if we_______. .

A. plant trees B. clean the banks of rivers

C. picking rubbish D. listen to the record

35. The passage mainly tells us_________.

A. the people who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young of today

B. what will happen in the world in the future

C. conservation of nature is necessary

D. everyone has known the importance of conservation of nature since 1970

B

Gasoline (汽油) prices are getting higher and higher. The prices make it hard for drivers to afford the fuel.One group held a special event to display（展示）new kinds of cars .The new cars are different and they can run on many different kinds of fuels.

Some of these cars are called hybrids(混合动力). They can run on different kinds of fuels. One kind of them runs on a special fuel cell which is filled with a gas called hydrogen. The fuel cell cars are also better in another way. They give off no emissions（排放物）. They are very clean, and don’t give off bad fumes when they are running.

One man who makes fuel cell cars is excited about the hydrogen fuel cell technology. He says we will never run out of the sources of the fuel ,but we may run out of the oil.Once we use oil up, it will take millions of years for more oil to form. Since gasoline is made from oil, that could be a problem for companies that make traditional cars , and for drives .However, it won’t be a problem for cars that run on fuel cells.Buses that run on hydrogen fuel cell power are being tested on the road. They could become a common form of transportation in the near future

36.From the first paragraph we know that_______

A.cars are more expensive now

B.people are poorer now than before

C.drivers have to pay more to fill their cars with gasoline

D.it’s useless to have a car

37.What does the underlined word “hydrogen” mean?

A. 氢 B. 磷 C.钾 D. 钙

38.Which of the following is not the advantage of the hydrogen fuel cell car?

A. It’s better to the environment to drive it.

B. We will never use up the source of the fuel.

C. It can avoid road accidents.

D. It doesn’t give off bad fumes when it runs.

39.What’s the problem for traditional cars?

E. Oil will be used up.

F. Traditional cars will be forbidden to drive.

G. It’s hard to learn to drive.

H. Fuel cell cars have more advantages.

40.What’s the main idea of the passage?

I. Traditional cars polluted the environment badly.

J. Gasoline becomes more and more expensive.

K. A special fuel cell is very useful.

L. A new kind of cars will replace the traditional ones.

C

I can’t remember when I started collecting litter（垃圾）. But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home and realized that no one else was going to pick it up.

I live close to a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there in three minutes! I used to love going there to play with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very unhappy. I decided to clean up the forest. I wanted to feel happy going there again.

I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes after starting to pick up litter, my bag was full! It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.

Since that first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter. I’m often there for three hours. It makes me feel great to do something for the environment.

After each trip, I look at all the litter I’ve found. If any of it is recyclable（可回收的）, I keep it. I can’t understand why people drop litter. But I will keep picking it up until they stop dropping it.

I know I can only do a small bit to help the earth, but I still think it is important.

41.．When did the writer begin to collect litter?

A．When he was very young.         

B．After his home moved to a new place.

C．When he realized no one else was going to pick it up.

42.．Where does the writer live?

A．He lives in a forest.

B．He lives near a forest.

C．He lives in a place with much litter.

43.．The writer collects litter       .

A．in order to make money          

B．in order to get a prize

C．in order to make the place clean

44.Where does the writer collect litter?

A．In the forest.           B．In the street.            C．In the park.

45.From the passage we infer（推断）      .

A．the writer will go on with collecting litter 

B．the writer always collects a lot of litter

C．the writer thinks he does a great thing

D

"Life is speeding up. Everyone is getting unwell." This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unknown person who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it.  We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can even change our lives. But have all these developments really improved the quality of our lives?
      Picture this,：You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings, a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen, the noise from the television is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up all night to get it done. How happy do you feel?
      Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave up feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no car, not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they live a simpler live. One family in the UK went "back in time" to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today.

The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phones. The grandmother, Lyn, said, "The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes." The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Benjamin also noticed that his grandmother had changed from being a "trendy, beer-drinking granny, to one who cooked things"
46. The writer uses the quote(引用) at the beginning of the story to _____.

A. tell us a truth about our live.

B. tell us what life was like long time ago.

C. point out what causes such a thing to happen.

D. point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same.

47. In the passage the writer describes a picture to show that new inventions _____.

A. have speeded up our lives

B. have improve the quality of our lives

C. may make people feel very happy

D. may bring people some trouble

48. The family chose to spend some time in a 1940s house because _____.

A. they loved to live simple lives

B. they wanted to know how people lived with our modern inventions

C. they were troubled by modern inventions

D. living in a different time would be a lot of fun for them

49. According to the passage, which is NOT right?

A. People who live far away from noisy cities often seem to be happier.

B. An unknown Roman was sure that the quality of life would get better.

C. The family had some changes when they lived in a 1940s house.

D. With the improvement of our lives, we often feel stressed and tired.

50. The passage is mainly about _____.

A. problems with technology

B. improvements of our lives with technology

C. changes happening to technology
D. the importance of technology.

五．单词拼写

51.Everybody knows the e__________ （is very important to us.

52.In some big cities, the pollution of the a__________ is serious.

53.T __________usually decreases with height.

54He showed c __________ that the ship might be in danger.

55The most amazing thing about n__________ is its variety (多样性)

6．完成句子

.56.当我醒来时，我发现自己处在一个可怕的环境中。

When I woke up, I found myself _________ ________ ________ _________

57.大卡车来了，给我们覆盖上了一层土。

Huge trucks came and covered us with __________ __________ _________soil.

58.我一直希望我能搬到别的地方。

I kept __________ that I would be moved ________ _______.

59.我问另外一个瓶子我们还会发生什么事。

I asked another bottle what would __________ __________.

60.我们不得不在这里呆几千年。

We have to stay here for _________ _________.

七．书面表达：

现在的环境变得越来越差。环境问题影响人们的工作，学习，生活，而我们的工作，生活，生产又使环境污染越来越严重…… 如何保护我们的环境? 请以“How to Protect Our Environment ?”为题写一篇短文。

提示：1. 水污染和大气污染越来越严重；

2. 森林被破坏和砍伐；

3. 白色垃圾随处可见。

要求：如何改善/保护环境？至少3-4个方面，80词左右。

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广州初三Unit 3 The environment 讲解+语法+练习(2)