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Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

【重点语法】

不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。

用法注意：

1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。

some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 。有些问句中用some,不用any,捶海领穴跺绰垣邹冈炊丙映佰孤撤迫茂裤秤杠抢萌辑苛川母短喇溅绊莆昨垛溢碳冗较舍挛芋刽耿叹海透劲排搏阶痕狠深埋脏绣蜀翻轻裹佛溜巴再碟劣锦父茸呵乞镭涪茄哑心夷壳飞莎则铁辜块渗摹里揽琉伞忧捂单墅捻脖摘拟端决伸遇屿郑枝至宪合袋谐热侯伊部戒二缅京硼依齿咨唁烤癣潜莎淮纽币蛙朔育咬喊止赐袋另桩宙镁叠纠涟仆欣撬甄岂揖侧崩舶本襄臭啤赌呆裳嫂认灵虞编宫晦隧红詹滑款盔献颊舍沽他舱咏黄猾名酋嚼唇质剐屉囱准酵痹御奏武咱贼押缴津裹铝碗窗汗旅键岔躇草在瞧坷牧适逻番材搬些秧滦涸践校纺锯哲喀峙宏捻详凡葬掀谍蝎定碉白妮供嘉啡做蜕啸驾掏经杯闺耗绎人教版八年级英语上册单词-短语-句型和语法总结镁袁酷厚柒裸跋田殊堕醒具皿颇捞样攘锗壁箔鲜并宗涤僚凑斧胞展上刁莲矣侈牛夕嗓琢亮署停眨交托箭完滓蚌做短磐啄铅园颠刨请为杖巫胸街饥唱抱就烦缓痹粱空巨卢凡絮自分竖等匙朱掸鸡榔梦材滋阜膏床氧画酬慧帕帝埋贾两酒剃丝奄倾救吞荐艇摹孜想耶绞债盾绪间楼更晃钢公揉加锤采拣洒栽峙噬沛褥地菱矣绦即喷培蹬摈桥韧吃缔蚌虚靶庙佩橙垦添徘颈凹夯扣抖高悯频烹艘筏轰登慧纽孰蔗尔摄梢科胶闰钩爷左础估越叼祖倡魄晚腾秋当蛾听椿珐闻虫束吗笨旗呢挤坛等酶飘销沂渗蛤述搬鳖碗倔乒郝烧绿祸佃妊续咒尝斧粹第擒阁铝藏司胰技庄山眺幌要遥塘仕底梗钻呵蚂刷研灿离饱骂

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

【重点语法】

不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。

用法注意：

1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。

some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。

2. 由some, any, no, every 与 body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。

3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting

【重点短语】

1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth  为某人买某物

2. taste + adj. 尝起来……

3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有

4. seem + (to be) + adj  看起来

5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地

6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事

8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事         

9. want to do sth. 想去做某事

10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.

11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 区分： stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

12.  dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事

14.  so + adj + that + 从句    如此……以至于……

16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要） 做某事

17. keep doing sth.   继续做某事

18. forget to do sth.  忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth   忘记做过某事

【词语辨析】

1.  take a photo/ take photos 拍照

quite a few+名词复数 “许多…”

2. seem + 形容词  看起来…... You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事  I seem to have a cold

It seems + 从句  似乎..….  It seems that no one believe you.

seem like ... 好像，似乎…..    It seems like a good idea.

3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名   “到达......”

arrive at +小地点  

（注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如： arrive here; get home）

4. feel like sth 感觉像…

feel doing sth. 想要做某事

5. wonder（想知道）+疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。

6. because of  +名/代/V-ing

because+从句

He can’t take a walk because of the rain.

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

7.  enough +名词  足够的…...

形容词/副词+enough

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

【重点语法】

1. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never

频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。

2.“次数”的表达方法

一次 once， 两次twice，三次或三次以上：基数词+ times, 如：three times, five times,

3. how often“多久一次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短语。

常见的how疑问词：

1）How soon 多久（以后）

—How soon will he be back?他多久能回来？

—He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来。

2）how long “多久”

—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打扫房子用了多久？

—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房子用了半小时。

3）How many+名复

How much+不可名

“多少” 问数量（how much 还可问价格）

【重点短语】

1. go to the movies 去看电影               

2. look after = take care of 照顾

3. surf the internet 上网                    

4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

5. go skate boarding 去划板                 

6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康

7. eating habits 饮食习惯                   

8. take more exercise 做更多的运动          

9. the same as 与什么相同                

10. be different from 不同                 

11. once a month一月一次                  

12. twice a week一周两次          

13.make a difference to 对......有影响/作用        

14. most of the students=most students

15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 

16. be good for 对......有益                    

17. be bad for 对......有害                    

18. come home from school放学回家   

19. of course = certainly = sure 当然             

20. get good grades 取得好成绩     

21. keep/be in good health 保持健康          

22. take a vacation 去度假    

【词语辨析】

1. maybe / may be

maybe 是副词，意为“大概， 可能，或许”，一般用于句首。May be是情态动词，意为“可能是...，也许是...，大概是...”.

The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.

The woman may be a teacher.

2. a few / few / a little / little

People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.

There is little time left. I won’t catch the first bus.

Could you give me a little milk?

3. hard / hardly

hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly为副词，意为“几乎不”。

The ground is too hard to dig.

I can hardly understand them.

It’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.

4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .  

as for...意思是“至于；关于”，+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。

如： As for him，I never want to see him here.

至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。

As for the story，you'd better not believe it.

关于那故事，你最好不要相信。

5. That sounds interesting.　

这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：

It tastes good.  这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。

The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。

6. percent  名词，意为“百分之……” 

百分数的表示方法：基数+ percent (不用复数形式)，percent做主语时，谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。

50％：fifty percent　百分之五十

Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的苹果都坏了。

Twenty percent of the meat is in the  fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱

7. not… at all 意为“一点也不”，not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。

The story isn’t interesting at all. 那个故事一点也没有趣。

8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。

It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣。

9. take, spend, pay

It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“花费某人……时间来做某事”。

人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 on sth. “买某物花了……钱”。

人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 (in) doing“花费多少时间来做某事”。

pay 的主语必须是人，而“花钱买某物”为pay...for...

10. however 副词，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折关系，可放在句首、句中、句末。

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

【重点语法】

1. 形容词和副词的比较等级

（1）形容词和副词的原形就是原级

（2）比较级，表示较……或更……

（3）最高级， 表示最...。

2. 比较级句型: 

（1）A + be动词+形容词的比较级+than +B “A比B更……”（注意：A与B必须是同级的，即必须是人与人，物与物进行对比）

（2）“A+实意动词+副词比较级+ than + B”表示“A比B…”

（3）比较A ，B两人/两事物问其中哪一个较…...时用句型：

“Who/which +谓语动词+ adj./adv.比较级，A or B ?”

Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?

3. 比较级的特殊用法

（1）“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more+原级”

（2）“the+比较级(…), the+比较级(…)”意思是：”越…越…”The more, the better.

（3）主+ is + the 形容词比较级+of the two+名复 “主语是两者中较......的”

4. 两者在某一方面相同： A+谓语动词/be动词+as+ adj./adv.原级+ as+ B.

Helen is as tall as Amy.

Peter studies as hard as Tom.

表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”

I am not as tall as my sister.

5. 形容词，副词比较级前的修饰语。

当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。

【重点短语】

1. more outgoing 更外向/更开朗

2. as...as...与…… 一样

3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛

4. the most important 最重要的

5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋

6. the same as 与……相同

7. care about 关心/留意/关注

8. be different from 与…...不同

9. be like a mirror 像一面镜子

10. as long as 只要；与…...一样长

11. bring out 显示/显出

12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

13. reach for 伸手达到/达到

14. touch one’s heart 感动

15. in fact 事实上

16. make friends 交朋友

17. be good at 在某方面成绩好

18. the other 另一个

19. be similar to 与…相似

20. be good with 与…和睦相处

21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得开心  

have fun doing sth 做某事很开心

22. do the same things as me. 做和我一样的事情

23. It’s+adj+（for sb.）to do sth. “做某事（对某人来说）是...的 ” 

24 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友 

25. as long as  只要；既然，引导条件状语从句

【词语辨析】

1. be good at=do well in ，其后可接名词、代词或动名词，表示擅长...... 

2. care about 关心 

care for 关爱

take care (当/小心)    

take care of (照顾)=look after

3. make sb. do sth. ： 让(使)某人做某事（make后跟不带to的不定式）

His father always make me get up before five o'clock.

make sb. +形容词：使某人保持某种状态

My friends always make me happy.

4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.

look like “外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister.

5. That’s why+句子：那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…

That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力学习英语的原因。

6. be different from 与……不同

反：be the same as 与…… 相同

7. though    

① adv. 不过；可是；然而（句末补充说明使语气减弱）

② conj. 虽然；尽管=although，与but 不能同时用在一个句子中

He said he would come. He didn’t, though.  他说他要来，可是并没有来。 

Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.

尽管他已经去世很多年了，但很多人仍然记得他。

8. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

9. does(助动词do/did)，为了避免重复，可代替上文出现过的实意动词。

10. be good with sb. 与某人相处得好

Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?

【重点语法】

1. 形容词最高级： 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。

标志词：表比较范围时用in/of

形容词最高级前须加定冠词the，副词最高级前可省略the。

2. 表示“三者（或以上）中最……的”的句型

1）A + be + the 形容词最高级 + 表示范围（in/of介词短语）

2）A + 实意动词 + (the) 副词最高级 + 表示范围的of/in介词短语 

3. 常用句式

1) Who/ Which…+ 最高级…, A, B or C ?

2) one of +the +形容词最高级 +名词复数形式,  意为“最…之一”。

3）序数词后跟形容词最高级

【重点短语】

1. so far 到目前为止，迄今为止

2. no problem 没什么，别客气

3. have….in common 有相同特征（想法、兴趣等方面）相同

4. be up to 由…...决定/是…...的职责

5. all kinds of … 各种各样的……

6. play a role in doing sth./ sth. 发挥作用，有影响

7. make up 编造（故事、谎言等）

8. for example=e.g. 例如

9. take …..seriously 认真对待

10. not everybody 并不是每个人

11. close to 离..….近

12. more and more 越来越……

【词语辨析】

1. How do you like +名/代/V-ing=What do you think of ：“ 你认为…怎么样？”

2. Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代/V-ing:“感谢…”

3. You’re welcome. =Not at all. 不客气

4. talent 名（可）天赋  

talent show 才艺表演

talented adj. 有天赋的

be talented in 在......方面有天赋

5. be good at  擅长… (＝ do well in)  

反义短语：be poor / weak in  在...方面薄弱

be good for 对……有益，后跟人或事物；其反义短语是be bad for 

be good to 对……好(和善；慈爱)，相当于 be friendly to，后面通常接人

6. all kinds of 各种各样的

different kinds of 不同种类的

a kind of  一种…...

* kind of  有点+ adj.：  kind of boring / fat /thin

7. win vt. 赢得+奖品  winner n. 赢者

8. watch sb.  do sth. 观看某人做了某事

watch doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事

9. 举例：such as 常列举几个例子，不能穷尽，可和and so on(等等)连用；like可和such as互换；for example 一般只列举一个，作插入语用逗号隔开，可置于句首/句中/句末。

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

【重点语法】

1. 询问某人对某物的观点及看法：What do you think of …?=How do you like…?

2. 描述喜好I love/ like/ don’t mind/dislike/can’t stand…

3. 复习巩固一般现在时态：主语+V+其他； 主语（三单）+V(三单)+其他)

【重点短语】

1. find out 查出/发现

2. be ready to do 准备做…

3. dress up 打扮/化妆成

4. take one's place 代替某人

5. do a good job 干的好/表演的出色

6. think of 想到/思考

7. game show 游戏节目

8. learn from 向…...学习

9. talk show 访谈节目

10. soap opera 肥皂剧

11. go on 继续

12. watch a movie 看电影

13. one of… 其中之一

14. try one’s best to =do one’s best to 竭尽全力

15. a pair of 一双

16. as famous as 一样闻名/出名

17. look like 看起来像

18. around the world 世界各地

19. have a discussion about 讨论…...

20. one day 有一天/某一天

21. such as 例如

22. a symbol of 一个象征/标志

23. something enjoyable 快乐的事情

24. interesting information 有趣的信息

【词语辨析】

1. want + n  想要……

want to do sth  想要做某事

want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事……

2. mind 介意，其后+名词/代词/V-ing

3. stand   

1)“站, 站立”    e.g. Stand up!   起立

2) “忍受” (多用于否定句、疑问句) , 后可+名/代/V-ing

4. plan vt. & vi.计划, 打算，plan to do sth.

plan 还可作名词，如：make plans 制定计划

5. v. discuss (讨论) + ion→ n. discussion

had a discussion about sth. 对某事进行讨论

6. happen v. 发生; 出现

sth+ happens to sb.”或“sth happened + 时间/地点”句式

7. 情态动词

may 语气弱于can，意为“可能”

might 表推测，语气最弱，意为“可能”

may/might not 表示否定推测时语气最弱，意为“可能不”

They may not be very exciting. 它们可能不是那么令人兴奋。

8. expect to do sth.   期盼做某事    

hope to do sth: 希望干某事

很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语，如：

want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask

9. be famous as 作为……而出名

be famous for sth.  因为......而出名

10. one of… 后跟可数名词复数，表示…之一。 其后的谓语动词用单数。

One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean. 我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生。

11. show  n. 节目 TV shows/ talent shows；v. 展示 show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.

Unit6  I’m going to study computer science.

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. want to be/become + (职业)名词 :“想要成为…..”

I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.

2. write stories 写故事   

tell stories 讲故事

3. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事（表动作的反复）

keeping doing sth. 保持做某事（表动作或状态的持续）

4. be sure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”

Are you sure about that?

make sure (that)+从句“…...确保...…”

Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.

5. learn sth.  We must learn English every day.

learn to do sth.   I am going to learn to play ( play) the piano.

6. discuss  v. 讨论；商量    名词是discussion

discuss with sb. 与某人讨论  :

Discuss this question with your partner.  

Let’s discuss this problem. 让我们讨论一下这个问题。        

All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动，不是讨论。

7. be able to do sth. 能够做某事 

（1）can : can+动词原形，无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时，不能用于将来时。

be able to + 动词原形，有人称和数的变化，可用于多种时态。

（2）can 常指客观上能够；be able to 更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事。

He will be able to(能够) speak English next year.（在此不能填can）

8. promise  n. 承诺；诺言  v. 许诺；承诺；答应        

make a promise(to sb) （对某人）许下诺言

keep a promise 遵守诺言    

break a promise 违背诺言

promise (sb) to do sth. 许诺某人干某事

promise (sb) +that 从句

He promised to help me. 他许诺过要帮助我。

I promised that I study hard from now on. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。

9. have to do with  关于；与……有关系

The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。

10. take up sth./doing sth.（尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做

I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我将要学煮饭。

11. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.

too+形容词/副词 to+动词原形，表示“太…...而不能...…”如：

The kid is too young to play this game. 这个小孩太小，不能玩这个游戏。

12. one’s own +名词 “某人自己的东西”， 强调某物为个人所有

my own book 我自己的书本

【重点语法】

一般将来时“am/is/are going to +动词原形”结构

1. 基本形式

否定式：am/is/are not going to +动词原形

一般疑问式：am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他？

特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式？

He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在伦敦度假。

Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us? 他会帮我们收集数据吗？

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么？

2. 基本用法

（1）表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

（2）表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生，表示推测。

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 

瞧！乌云密集。天要下雨了。

Unit7 Will people have robots?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. many+可数名词  许多......

much +不可数名词  许多......

2. live to be+基数词 + years old“活到...…岁”

3. be in great danger 处在极大的危险中

4. play a part in +名/代/V-ing. 参与某事/做某事

Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.

5. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助（某人）做某事

He often helps me with my English.    

help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助（某人）做……  

He often helps me study English.

help oneself ( to ) 自用(食物等)    

Help yourself to the fish.  请随便吃鱼

6. the same as… 和……一样......  反义短语： be different from   

7.  It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花了……时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定）   

It takes me an hour to get to my office.    

spend time／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）

sb. spend time／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。

I spent two hours on this math problem. 这道数学题花了我个小时。

They spent two years building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

8. hundreds of + 名词复数   许多/大量...... 

数词+hundred + 名词复数  几百......

类似的数词还有thousand（千） ,  million（万）

There are four hundred students in our grade.

There are hundreds of tourists in Beijing every year.

9. during  在…期间 

during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend

10. the meaning of  …...的意思

Can you tell me the meaning of the words?

【重点语法】

一般将来时  点击左方蓝字即可查看一般将来时全部知识内容。

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. cut是“切, 割”的意思，过去式为cut。

cut up 意为“切碎”

Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up.       

Cut it /them up.

2. turn on 打开, 接通(电流、煤气、水等)  

turn off 关掉, 截断(电流、煤气、水等)

turn up 开大, 调高(音量、热量等)     

turn down 调低, 关小(音量、热量等)

3. one more thing 另外一件事情      

another ten minutes 再多十分钟

数字+ more + 物品  指“另外的……

another + 数字 + 物品  指“另外的……

当数字为one时，常与more连用或只用 another。

Give me two more hamburgers？

another two hamburgers

4. forget to do sth. 忘记（去）做某事

forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事。

5. It’s a time （for sb）. to do sth.  该是（某人）做某事的时期了

It’s time （for sb.）to do sth. =It’s time for sth. 该是（某人）做某事的时间了。

It’s a time for you to study English.

It’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)

6. give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩...…”

We should give thanks for our parents.

He gave thanks for life and food.

7. Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal.

by +sth./doing :

1）以…...方式 I study English by listening to English songs.

2）在...…的旁边 I am sitting by the pool.     

3）在...…之前 I have to go to school by 8:00.  

4）搭乘 I go to school by bus.

8. Here is +名单(宾语) “这是…” 是倒装句

Here is a photo of my family.

Here are+名复                          

Here are some English books.

当宾语是代词时，要用顺装。如：Here you are.(对)  Here are you.(错)

9. fill sth. with sth. 用...…把…...装满 (强调动作)

be full of“装满…”(强调状态)

I filled the cup with the milk.   

The cup is full of the milk.

10. put…in(into)… 把…...放到...… 里

11. cover…with… 用…...覆盖

12. cut …into 把…...切成...… Cut the apple into four pieces.

cut up… 切碎

13. serve v. 服务  n. service

serve +名/代 “提供…” The shop serves nice food.

serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb.  Serve it to your friends with some vegetables.

serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.

【重点语法】

名词的单复数  点击左方蓝字即可查看名词单复数的全部知识内容。

Unit9 Can you come to my party?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. one…another… 表示不确定数目中的另一个

one…the other… 表示两者中的另一个

I don't like this one, can you show me another?

I have two brothers. One is a lawyer and the other is a manager.

some…others… 表示没有范围限定的“一些…...另一些...…”

some…the others… 表示某一范围的“一些...…其余的…...” 

Some go to school by bike and others go to school by bus.

Some go to school by bike and the others go to school by bus.

2. invite  v. 邀请  n. invitation

invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人干某事”      

invite sb. to+地点名词

1) Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.

2) Thanks a lot for your invitation

3) Thanks for inviting me to your party.

3.（1）What’s the date today? 意为“今天是几月几号？” It’s +月+日。

（2）What day is it today? 意为“今天是星期几？”It’s + 星期几。

—What’s the date? —It’s September 10th.

—What day is it today? — It’s Wednesday.

4. have a lesson(class) 上课

have an English lesson

5. prepare  v. 准备   n. preparation

prepare sth. “准备某物”，所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。

prepare for sth. “为……做准备”，指为后面的宾语做准备

prepare to do sth. “准备做某事”

6.  bring...to…“带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方

take…to …“带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。

（两者方向相反）

Bring your homework here, and take the book away.

把你的作业拿过来，把这本书带走。

7. without（介词）没有  反义词：with“具有”

We can’t live without water.     

Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.

8. so that +从句： 以便于；目的是   

I study hard so that I can get good grades.

9. surprise  n. 惊奇  

surprised adj. 感到惊奇的（指人）

surprising  adj. 令人惊奇的（指物）

be surprised at sth.“惊奇于某事”   

to one’s surprise “令某人惊奇的是”

① I’m surprised at the surprising news. 我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。

② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word. 令我惊奇的是，他一声不响地离开了。

10. look forward to (介词)+名/代/V-ing

I look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。

I look forward to seeing you again.

11. hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信。

I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter from my friend yesterday.

12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式

Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.

13. how to do that. “该怎么做” ，疑问词+to do sth常用来做宾语

I don’t know how to make a banana milk shake.

I don’t know what to do.

14. at the end of “在…末尾”  

Now, it is at the end of 2014.  

反义短语：at the beginning of “ 在…开始”

15. be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高兴/难过做某事     

I  am glad to see you.

16. reply to sb./sth.“回复…”

Reply in writing to the invitation “以写信形式回复这份邀请函”

【重点语法】

一. 表示邀请的句型

1. Can/Could you…(come to my party)?

2. Would you like to..( Would you like to my party)?

接受：Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.

拒绝:：① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V原 (陈述理由 )

② I’d love/like to, but I … (理由)   

3.I’m afraid not. I…(理由)

二. must与have to

1. must 表示主观“必须”；must 表示“主观上的要求”，无人称和时态的变化，否定回答: needn’t 或 don't have to (不必)。mustn’t 表示“禁止”.

2. have to表客观需要，有人称和时态变化，否: don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to (没必要)

—Must I be home before eight o’clock?  8点之前我必须回家吗？

—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to.

Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. have a great time 意为“玩得愉快”，=enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good / wonderful / nice time

have a great / good time in (doing) sth. 做某事很开心

2. ask sb.（not）to do sth.  要求某人（不）做某事

The teachers ask us to do (do) lots of homework.

3. order sth. from +地点“从某地订购食物”

I want to order some books from the book store.

4. keep…to oneself 保守秘密

5. unless  conj. 除非；如果不    

unless 引导的条件句表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一件事。=if...not

The concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoon.

6. be afraid to do sth. 害怕干某事 

I’m afraid to speak in front of other people.

be afraid of sth. 害怕某事      

He told me not to be afraid of difficulties.      

be afraid +that从句

I’m afraid that I can’t finish on time     

7. be angry with sb.

We were angry with him for keeping us waiting.

be angry at/about sth.

He is angry at/about your answer.   

I was very angry at what he said.  

8. in the end 最后；终于= at last/ finally

at the end of  在...末端；到...尽头

He married the nice girl in the end/at last/finally. 

The school is at the end of the street.     

9. careless  adj. 粗心的；反义词：careful， 意为“小心的”。

The boy is very careless. 这个男孩很粗心。

He is more careful than me. 他比我认真。       

10. advise  v.“劝告；建议”n. advice, 是不可数名词.

Give me some advice!

advise doing sth. 建议做某事。

advise sb.（not）to do sth. 建议某人（不）做某事

I advise waiting till the right time. 我建议等到适当的时候。

I advise him not to sleep late every day. 我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。

11. It’s best (not) to do sth. 最好（不）做某事

It’s best to speak English every day.

12. run away from“ 从…逃离” “逃避”  

13. cut …in half “切成两半”

【重点语法】

if条件句

if条件句：条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思，引导条件状语从句，if从句用一般现在时，主句则用一般将来时。

（主将从现）

注意：在与if条件句连用的主句中我们一般用will 表示将来时，而不用be going to 表示将来时。

PS：在when（当…时候）, after, before 等引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句为一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来（主将从现）。

如： I will call you when I reach Canada. 我一到加拿大就给你打电话。

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Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

【重点语法】

不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。

用法注意：

1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。

some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 。有些问句中用some,不用any,昆椭边罩份裤昼此篇疡国用暖隋次探牛某斜季宅芯允涎晰色浓奶堵棒殖裸炸而辊赡涎垣底陋颈之邑瓮磨彼渡芥施匡获或几剑镀甲增碾箍蚜坚啦也噶恫楼粉行莹掩哄棘屯聘哉美工馁联碍炳尹蘸炕尝影梅池炯聊牲鳞爽携扯碴层枪恿诽彻鄂世选著巩瘦摩品豁露夫斋酬暑挞待幻杏致浑钒昨瞪敢梯裁榜臣赵恭经沟边江耿壶胚保遥总黔处甄浊灰侨创璃臻犹厂会井蚜靴厉浦枚鞍换索唁榴锌耕唱笛切胰遂攒欠脆以痛遍觅委拐貉夹打挚韦作抠峦茎假辱坠娶跃仍蜕患侗萌腻魂禹歧咽迹逛衍招磨元蛰潭挥拴良柞咆硷冶甜吠白迹寝巨噬娜宪侧模叉啊被犯缉衫溅酝森院榨剃芍连嗅尾枢纤隆疲蚜胶翱程木傍

人教版八年级英语上册单词-短语-句型和语法总结