Unit 2 语法篇

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学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。

（二）动词不定式:

肯定式: to do 否定式: not to do 省略to的: do

1、不定式作宾语

口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事

迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事

decide to do sth. 决定做某事

want ∕ would like to do sth. 想做某事

plan to do sth. 计划做某

need to do sth. 需要做某事

agree to do sth. 同意做某事

can’t wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事

decide to 下决心做

used to do 过去常常做某事

2、不定式作宾语补足语的动词：

ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事

tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事

order sb. to do 命令某人做某事。

want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事

invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事

expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事

encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

省略to的情况:

使役动词：let, make, have

感官动词：feel, hear, listen to, look at, see, watch, notice

3、动词不定式做主语

动词不定式作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。例如：

It is not easy to learn a foreign language.

It took us three days to do the work.

4、动词不定式和疑问词连用

动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用，构成不定式短语。如：

I don’t know where to go.

He showed me how to use a computer.

What to do is a big problem.

一、请找出下列动词中以动词不定式为宾语的动词并圈出来。

enjoy decide plan spend finish

want practice agree keep need

解析：不定式作宾语口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，

迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事

答案：decide plan want agree need

二、请写出下列动词的合适的非谓语形式填空。

1. Let me ________(help) you water the flowers.

2. I saw him _______(go) into the small store.

3. My mother often asks me _____ (do) some cleaning on Sundays

4. It is kind of you ___ (help) me to carry these books.

5. I want _________________(travel) around the world after graduation.

解析：

1. help 使役动词的省to不定式 let sb. do

2. go 感官动词的省to不定式 see sb. do

3. to do 动词不定式做宾补 ask sb. to do

4. to help 动词不定式做主语 it’s adj to do

5. to travel 动词不定式做宾语 want to do

基础演练

一、单项选择

1. --- Some children can't afford   dictionaries.

--- Let's donate our pocket money to them.

2. Students should do everything they can   their study.

3. The teacher asked Ben   a difficult question in class.

4. I often watch Danny   baseball on the playground.

5. There is no desks in the lab. Our headmaster told us   our desks.

6. --- Do you know why he left so early?

----   for the English test, I guess.

7. The woman feels that she should let her son   his own decision this time.

8. The children decide   their school yard this Friday afternoon.

9. --- Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station?

--- Oh, sorry, I don't know. You   go and ask that policeman.

10. --- You   write him a letter to say you are sorry for it.

--- I don't like writing letters. I'll apologize   the phone.

巩固提高

二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)

11. 我需要你帮我学英语。

I need you         my English.

12. 我不知道哪里买这本杂志。

I don't know       this magazine.

13. 我请妈妈给我买了一个书包。

I asked my mother     a schoolbag    .

14. 这个女孩可以看望医院里生病的孩子，来使他们振奋起来。

The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital        .

15. 为了学习英语，刘女士于1988年去了英国。

    English, Ms. Liu went to England in 1988.

答案

一、单项选择

1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A

6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A

二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)

11. to help me with

12. where to buy

13. to buy; for me

14. to cheer them up

15. To learn

一、单选

1. Miss Diana   lots of money to the children in poor areas.

2. Their house is similar   ours, but ours has a bigger garden.

3. Look! Here is a notice   for teaching jobs.

4. It's hard to   living in a place where there are no telephones or cars.

5. I'll have to ask my parents for some more money because I've  .

6. Tom   his father, because they are both cheerful and easygoing.

7. Tom fell down and got hurt, so we sent him to the hospital  .

8. My father helped me   when I lost my job.

9. The plans they made   well. I'm sure they'll succeed soon.

10. My watch doesn't work. Can you help me  .

11. We haven't decided   on vacation.

BBCCB BAABA A

二、完形填空（西城13-14年初二期末考试）

Once upon a time there was a little boy who became very ill. He had to spend all day in bed, unable to move. Because other children weren't allowed to come near him, he felt 12   and blue.

人教版初二（下）英语第4讲：unit 2 语法篇（教师版）