前缀与后缀用法归纳

                  May 1, 2011

这是高一（Mar 10, 2009）教学内容，以先做练习然后学生归纳的方式，试图让学生掌握常用的前缀和后缀，当时我确实下了很大功夫整理这些东西，教学效果不错，放在这里与大家探讨。

一. 前缀

1. 反义词前缀：

1)

My husband often _____________ (agree) with me.

When spring comes, the snow _______________ (appear).

We soon ______________ (covered) the truth.

2)

A little baby is _____________ (able) to walk or talk.

Too much work makes the students ______________ (happy).

3)

Nothing is ______________ (不可能) to a willing heart.

It is ______________(不礼貌) to turn your back on someone who is speaking to you.

Don’t be _______________ (着急).

4)

Saturday is an ________________ (convenient) day to see him.

The party is _______________ (formal), so you needn’t dress up.

It’s ________________ (correct) to come late to school.

5)

There are English-speaking countries and ____________________ (不讲英语) countries.

They flew ________________ (不停) to New York.

There are smokers and _______________ (不吸烟者).

6)

I often _______________ (误以为) him for his twin brother.

_________________ (误解) can lead to unhappiness.

2. 重新

Your homework is full of mistakes. Please ______________ it. (write)

Are you asked to _________________ (复述) the text?

Before I teach a text, I usually _______________ (二次创作) it.

3. 双

  Do you go to school by _____________ (两轮车)?

4. 三

 A _____________ (三轮车) is hard to control.

5. 在…底下

People like to take the ______________ (地铁) because it is faster than the bus.

零下___________     潜艇 __________      下方的字幕  __________

6. 远距离的

________________ (电话) are common now.

Do you watch ______________ (电视) every day?

7. 转移

All your luggage will be ________________ (运送) to the destiny by train.

Hearts can be ___________________ (移植) now.

Please ______________ (翻译) it into English.

8. 在…之间，相互

________________ (互联网) has changed the world.

It’s an ________________(国际的) meeting.

You can see the ____________ (互动) between performers and their audience.

9. 超级的

I wish to be a ________________ (超人).

___________________ (超市) are very popular in China now.

The USA is no longer a _______________ (超级大国).

It’s supersecret.  (adj. 绝密的)

10. 特小的

  The fashionable girl is wearing a _____________ (迷你裙).

  Our school has a _______________.  (小型公共汽车)

二. 后缀

1. 人称后缀：

1) 执行者

   __________ (歌手)   _________ (教师)  _________ (工人)

    __________ (男演员) __________ (访问者) _________ (发明者)

2) 专业者

   __________ (艺术家)  __________ (科学家) __________ (牙医)

   __________ (音乐家)  __________ (魔术师) __________ (政治家)

3) 区域者

   __________ (中国人)  ___________ (日本人) __________ (北京人)

4) 阴性的

   _________ (女演员) ___________ (女服务员) __________ (女主人)

5）承受者

   __________ (雇员)  ___________ (受训者) ____________ (受访者)

2.  其他名词后缀：

1）

   __________ (争辩)  ____________  (政府)  ___________ (发展)

2)

   __________ (解释)  ____________ （保护）   ___________ (满意)

3）

  ___________ (婚姻)  ____________ (四轮马车) ___________ (包裹)

3）

   __________ (友善)  ___________ (冷漠)  _____________ (悲伤)

5）

___________ (耐心)  _____________ (重要性)  ___________ (距离)

6）

  ___________ (安全)  _____________ (困难)    ___________ (残忍)

7)

  ___________ (自由)  _____________(智慧)  ____________ (王国)

8)

  ____________ (温暖) ___________ (成长)  ___________ (长度)

9)

  ____________ (现实) ___________ (可能性) ___________ (创造力)

10)

  ____________ (友谊) ___________（奖学金）____________ ( 艰难困苦 )

3. 形容词后缀：

1)

  ____________ (成功的) ___________ (和平的) ___________ (有害的)

2)

  ____________ (音乐的) ___________ (传统的) ___________ (原创的)

3)

  ___________ (有价值的) ___________ (舒适的) _____________ (难忘的)

4)

  __________ (没有希望的) ___________(无害的) ___________ (没有尽头的)

5)

  __________ (阴雨的)   ____________ (有雪的) ____________ (有风的)

  __________ (健康的)   ____________ (富有的) ____________ (        )

4. 副词后缀：

  ___________ (简单地)  ____________ (有可能地) ____________ (舒适地)

  ___________ (终于)    ____________ (残忍地)   ____________ (负责地)

5. 动词后缀：

1）

  ____________ (意识到)  ____________ (是现代化)  ____________ (道歉)

2)

  ____________ (美化)  _____________ (简化)

3）

  ____________ (使锋利)  _____________ (加宽)  _____________ (使悲伤)

  ___________ (使能够)   _____________ (使扩大)  ___________ (加强)

                   前缀与后缀答案   

一．前缀

1. 反义词前缀

1) dis

  disagrees; disappears; discovered

2) un

   unable; unhappy

3) im

  impossible; impolite; impatient

4) in

   inconvenient; informal; incorrect

5) non

   non-English-speaking; non-stop; nonsmokers

6) mis

  mistake; Misunderstanding

2. 重新 re

   rewrite; retell; recreate

3. 双 bi

   bicycle

4. 三 tri

 tricycle

5. 在…底下 sub

   subway; subzero, submarine; subtitle

6. 远距离的 tele

   Telephones; television;

7. 转移 trans

   transported; transplanted; translate

8. 在…之间，相互 inter

   Internet; international; interaction

9. 超级的 super

   superman; Supermarkets; superpower; supersecret

10. 特小的 mini

    miniskirt; minibus

二．后缀

1. 人称后缀

1) 执行者

   Singer; teacher; worker; actor; visitor; inventor

2) 专业者

   artist; scientist; dentist; musician; magician; politician

3) 区域者

   Chinese; Japanese; Pekingese

4) 阴性的

   actress; waitress; hostess

5）承受者

   employee; trainee; interviewee

2.  其他名词后缀

1）ment

   argument; government; development

2)tion

explanation; protection; satisfaction

3）age

   marriage; carriage; package

4）ness

   kindness; coldness; sadness

5）ce

   patience; importance; distance

6）ty

   safety; difficulty; cruelty

7) dom

   freedom; wisdom; kingdom

8) th

  warmth; growth; length

9) ity

reality; possibility; creativity

10) ship

  friendship; scholarship; hardship

3. 形容词后缀

1) ful

  successful; peaceful; harmful

2) al

  musical; traditional; original

3) able

valuable; comfortable; unforgettable

4)less

hopeless; harmless; endless

5)y

rainy; snowy; windy, healthy, wealthy,

4. 副词后缀

   ly

   simply; possibly; comfortably; finally; cruelly; responsibly

5. 动词后缀

1）ize

   realize; modernize; apologize

2) fy / ify

  beautify; simplify

3）en

   sharpen; widen; strengthen

说明：

一个词加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词，在构词法中叫派生法。

另外还有合成法与转化法，请看第一册（下).

前缀与后缀用法归纳