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课时跟踪练(一) Welcome to the unit & Reading—Prereading

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Some students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious test­takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when we worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources (资源)．

Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Rami­

rez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test­takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.

The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.

Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored (得分) an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved (提高) their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated (不相关的) to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B＋， compared to a B－for those who did not.

“What we showed is that for students who are highly test­anxious, who’d done our writing intervention (干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test fear and performance. They were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these tests.”

But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.

语篇解读：有些学生考试前往往紧张，影响考试考绩。但如果考试前把自己的担忧写出来，会有助于成绩的提高。

1．What do the students start worrying about before an exam?

A．Whether they can pass the exams.

B．What other student do during the test.

C．Whether they have remembered the materials.

D．What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper.

解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一段倒数第二句可知，学生往往担心考试的结果，而最直接的结果就是能否通过考试。

2．What is the solution developed by researchers?

A．Making the students focused on the test.

B．Asking the students to sit quietly before the test.

C．Having the students write about their worries about the test.

D．Asking the students to direct the attention away from the test.

解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段可知，研究者发明的方法是让学生在考试前把自己的担忧写出来。

3．According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test ________.

A．became less nervous before the test

B．were better at controlling their feelings

C．did worse than those who wrote about their feelings

D．did better than those who wrote about their feelings

解析：选C　细节理解题。由第四段最后一句可知，把自己的担忧写出来的学生考试成绩是B＋，而想与考试无关的事情的学生考试成绩是B－。

4．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.

A．writing about our worries before an exam can work a bit

B．we can only write about our worries right before an exam

C．the best place to write about our worries is in the test room

D．it doesn’t matter where we write about our worries before an exam

解析：选D　推理判断题。文章最后一段说明，我们可以在很多地方把自己的担忧写出来，只要是在考试之前就有帮助。

B

To most of us, school means classes, teachers, schedules, grades，and tests. But for the children at Sudbury Valley School in Massachusetts, school is very different.

Firstly, there are no lessons. All the children, aged between 4 and 19, do whatever they want. There are no teachers, only “staff members”. The idea behind this is that you do not need to make children learn, because children want to learn anyway. “You do not need to say to the three­year­olds, ’Go explore your environment.’ You can’t stop them！”says Daniel Greenberg, a founder of the school. “But if you make children do what you want all day, they will lose all tastes for learning.”

At Sudbury Valley School, you will permit children to talk, read, paint, cook, work on computers, study French, play the piano, climb trees, or just run around. Two boys spent three years just fishing!

The other way that Sudbury Valley School is different is that the children can decide the rules. Every week, there is a school meeting where both children and staff have one vote each — even the four­year­olds. They decide the school rules, how to spend the school budget，and even which staff they want and do not want any more.

When the school first opened in 1968, people said it would never work. But today, the school has 200 students，and 80% of its students go on to college. Even the two boys who went fishing all the time have successful careers today. One of them is a musician and the other is a computer scientist.

语篇解读：对大多数学生来说，学校意味着老师、考试、分数等。但在美国的一所学校却与众不同，学校里没有课程表，孩子们不用上课、做作业，可以随心所欲做自己想做的事，甚至可以参与学校校规的制定。

5．What is the main topic of the article?

A．An unusual school.

B．Children’s hobbies.

C．A school without rules.

D．Education in the US.

解析：选A　主旨大意题。不用上课，不用做作业，随心所欲干自己想干的事，可以参与学校校规的制定，这样的学校确实罕见，不同寻常。故A项最符合文章主旨。

6. What does the school believe?

A．Teachers cannot teach children well.

B．Children learn best when they do what they want to do.

C．Learning is for adults — children should only play.

D．Children should only learn about one thing at a time.

解析：选B　推理判断题。从第二段可知，该学校认为被迫学习毫无意义，学生做自己想做的事才会学得最好。

7．What does Daniel Greenberg say about the three­year­olds?

A．They love learning.

B．They are very naughty.

C．They want to be outside all the time.

D．They are too young to learn anything.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“You can’t stop them！”可推出此句完整的意思是“You can’t stop three­year­olds going explore their environment”，也由此可知，他们热爱学习。

8．What happens to the children after they leave this school?

A．They do the same things as children from other schools.

B．They have problems getting into college or getting a job.

C．They usually do very good jobs.

D．They are not successful.

解析：选C　 细节理解题。从最后一段可知，200个学生中80%的学生上了大学，甚至那两个总是钓鱼的学生也有了自己成功的事业：一个成为音乐家，另一个成为计算机科学家。故C项正确。

C

There’s been a lot of talk about white and blue collar workers, and you may have even heard of gold collar workers. But lately a new color of collar is making its way into China’s urban vernacular (方言) — green. Green collars say no when work is life and life is work. They choose to get out of the fast lane, and explore new ways of living “green”．

Living green doesn’t mean someone is working as an environmentalist, biologist or scientist. Instead, it is more of a lifestyle choice. A typical green collar is well­educated like a white collar but physically tough like a blue collar, likely born in the 70s or 80s and living in one of China’s big cities, with a monthly income well above 5,000 yuan.

The life of a green collar may go something like this: turn off the mobile phone after work, eat only healthy food rich in vitamins, go out on hikes every weekend, and like to go help the underprivileged.

Green collars even have their own club. In Beijing, the Green Collar Club is for people who share a “be happy, healthy and helpful” spirit. The club often holds charity parties and uses the donations for environmental protection and poverty relief projects in China.

“They are successful in their careers, but do not miss the pleasures in life. They have a lot of money, but do not fall slave to it，” said Zuo Shiguang, one of the founding members of the club.

语篇解读：本文介绍了当今中国大城市中新兴的“绿领”一族的生活方式。

9．What is the text mainly about?

A．The appearance of gold collar workers.

B．The increasing awareness of environmental protection.

C．The lifestyle of green collars.

D．New trends in big cities of China.

解析：选C　主旨大意题。文章第一段引出“绿领”的话题，下文主要介绍了中国大城市中新兴的“绿领”的生活方式。

10．Green collars are living green because ________.

A．they devote themselves to environmental protection

B．they spend a lot of time in the open

C．they refuse to live an unhealthy life

D．they have a large income

解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二、三段可知，之所以称为“绿领”，是因为他们追求健康的生活方式，注意环保仅仅是其中一方面的表现。故选C。

11．After work, green collars will ________.

A．do a lot of extra work at home

B．not think about work any more

C．have fun with old friends

D．like to be left alone

解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段可知，他们下班后就会关闭手机，目的就是抛开一切工作的烦扰。

12．Which of the following best describes Zuo Shiguang’s attitude towards green collars?

A．Scolding.　　　　　 　B．Appreciative.

C．Doubtful. D．Neutral.

解析：选B　推理判断题。从最后一段可知，Zuo Shiguang是“绿领”俱乐部的创办人之一，对“绿领”们的生活方式非常欣赏。故选B。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Become a Good Student

Student life is the most important time period for the development of career. __1__ You have to closely follow your teacher’s advice and tips to become a good student. So, let’s start our best tips on how to become a good student.

Pay attention during lecture time. __2__You should note down important topics in your notebook.This is the best sign of a good student. And it is also important for every great and best student to concentrate on lectures.

__3__ It is impossible for every student to understand any topic at once. They have some questions in their mind while they study any topic. Most of the great students raise their hands to ask questions. You should ask your teacher any topic related questions to solve your doubt.

Do your homework regularly. Generally, every teacher gives some types of homework to all students. It is important to do that homework regularly because it can help you develop good habits and leave a good impression on your teacher. But only doing homework regularly is not enough. __4__

Pack your school bag very well. Preparing for school bag early will save your time as well as make a big impression as a student. __5__ A checklist will prevent any items from being left out. So, it is better to prepare your bag carefully every day.

A．Lecture is important for your learning.

B．Study at least a few days before a test.

C．Raise your hand if you have doubt in study.

D．It is good to review what you have learned that day.

E．It is also recommended to have some checklist of bags items.

F．If you have a good student life, then successful career chances are increased.

G．The writing of your homework must be neat and clean without any spelling mistake.

答案：1～5　FACGE

18学年高中英语Unit1Schoollife课时跟踪练（一）WelcometotheUnit