专题08 名词性从句(一)-2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析(解析版)

发布时间:2019-07-16 07:26:49

2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析

08名词性从句(

名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句四种。名词性从句是历年高考必考内容,重点考查连接词的选择,其次还考查名词性从句的语序、语气、时态以及名词性从句的后置等。

考点一 连接词的选择

连接词的选择是考查的重点。名词性从句连接词的选择可从连接词在从句中的作用(即成分)和意义两个方面入手:一是连接词在从句中作不作成分,如果作成分,是什么成分;二是连接词在从句中有无意义,如有意义,是何意义。具体见下表:

1. that引导名词性从句

that引导名词性从句时,在从句中不作成分,也没有任何意义。

1. Scientists have obtained more evidence __________ plastic is finding its way into the human body. 2019江苏)

A. what B. that C. which D. where

【答案】B

【解析】这是一个复合句。连词引导同位语从句,在从句中不作成分,也无意义,故用that

2. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is __________ one can be entirely free from dust.

2016北京)

A. what B. that C. whether D. why

【答案】B

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:雨季最惬意的事情就是人们可以远离尘土。

3. The manager put forward a suggestion _________ we should have an assistant. There is too

much work to do. 2016天津)

A. whether       B. that          C. which       D. what 

【答案】B

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导同位语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:经理提出一个建议:我们应该聘一个助手。因为有太多的事情要做。

4. It is often the case ______ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 2016江苏)
A. why  B. what  C. as  D. that

【答案】D

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句后置,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that

5. I truly believe ______ beauty comes from within. 2015北京)

A. that B. where C. what D. why

【答案】A

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:我确实认为美来自内在。

6It is believed ______ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning

(2015江苏)

Awhy Bhow Cwhen Dthat

【答案】D

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:人们认为,小孩子从小就要学会承担责任。

7. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. (2013浙江)

A how B that C which D whether

【答案】B

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导同位语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that

2. if/whether引导名词性从句

if/whether引导名词性从句时,在从句中不做成分,但表示是否之意。

1. She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. 2017天津)

A. when B. where C. whether D. what

【答案】C

【解析】引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,但表示是否,故用whether。句意:她问我把书还给图书馆没有,我承认还没有。

2. It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. (2013陕西)

A. that B. which C. what D. whether

【答案】D

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句,在从句中不作成分,但表示是否,故用whether。句意:新成立的委员会的政策能否付诸实施还有待观察。

3. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ____you have lived there for a short or a long time. (2012湖南)

A. why B. how C. whether D. when

【答案】C

【解析】whether引导主语从句后置,whether在从句中不作成分,表示是否

4. We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it. (2011山东)

A. where B. what C. whether D. which

【答案】D

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,但表示是否,故用whether。句意:我们已经给予她这项工作,不过不知道她是否接受。

注意ifwhether引导名词性从句的区别:

1. 主语从句置于句首时,用whether引导,不用if。例如:

________ the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible solutions. (2012湖北)

A. If B. Which C. That D. Whether

【答案】D

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句,在从句中不作成分,但表示是否,故用whether。句意:这里的大楼是否要推倒仍然有争议,人们仍然在寻找其它可能的解决方法。

2. if不能引导表语从句和同位语从句。

3. 引导宾语从句时,ifwhether通常可以互换,但在下列情况只用whether,不用if

1)从句作介词宾语时;

2)与or not连用时。 例如:

It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park. (2012天津)

A. whether B. how C. if D. when

【答案】A

【解析】连接词引导主语从句后置,在从句中不作成分,但表示是否之意,故用whetherif也可以引导名词性从句,表示是否,但不能与oror not连用。

3.what(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引导名词性从句

What(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引导名词性从句时,在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语,并分别表示(无论)什么/哪一个/等意思。

1. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.2018北京)

A. how B. which C. that D. what

【答案】D

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句,并在从句中作宾语,表示什么,故用what

2. The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycler.2018天津)

A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever

【答案】C

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,作介词to的宾语,并在从句中作主语,表示无论谁,故用whoever

3. Every year, _______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a price in the Kite Festival.

2017北京)

A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever

【答案】B

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语,表示无论谁,故用whoever

4. Your support is important to our work. you can do helps. 2016北京)

A. A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever

【答案】C

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语,表示无论什么,故用whatever

5. Some people believe ____ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in

the future. (2014北京)

A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. however

【答案】C

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,并在从句中作主语,表示无论什么,故用whatever

注意whoever/whatever等与no matter who/what等的区别:

whoever/whatever等可引导名词性从句,也可引导状语从句,但no matter who/what等只能引导状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。如:

Could I speak to __________ is in charge of International Sales, please?

A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who

【答案】C

【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,并在从句中作主语,表示无论谁,故用whoever

巩固练习:

1. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.

 A. why  B. how   C. that   D. whether

【答案】C

【解析】这是一个复合句。felt后是个宾语从句,连接词在从句中不作成分,也无意义,故用that

2. There is much truth in the idea _______ kindness is usually served by frankness.
A. why B. which C. that D. whether

【答案】C

【解析】这是一个复合句。 the idea后是个引导同位语从句,连接词在从句中不作成分,也无意义,故用that

3. It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

A. how B. whether C. what D. why

【答案】B

【解析】这是一个复合句。 whether引导主语从句后置,whether在从句中不作成分,表示是否

4. —We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?
—No, _______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.
A. who B. that C. what D. which

【答案】C

【解析】这是一个含有主语从句的复合句,连接词在从句中作宾语,表示什么,故用 what

5. We promise _____attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever

【答案】C

【解析】promise后接一个宾语从句,连接词在从句中作主语,表示无论谁,故用whoever

6It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.

Awhether Bwhere Cwhich Dthat

【答案】C

【解析】主语从句后置,it作形式主语;连接词在从句中不作成分,也无意义,故用that

7. When the news came the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.

A. since B. which C. that D. because

【答案】C

【解析】the news后接一个后置的同位语从句,连接词在从句中不做成分,也无意义,故用that

8. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what

【答案】D

【解析】to make out后接一个宾语从句,连接词在从句中作express的宾语,且表示什么,故用what

9. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ______ suits you best.

A whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever

【答案】B

【解析】连接词引导宾语从句,并在从句中作主语,因有选择的范围as many as five courses,故用whichever,意为无论哪一个

10. ______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.

A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom

【答案】B

【解析】这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。连接词在从句中作宾语,且表示什么,故用what

11. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _______ the problem itself is.

A. what B. that C. which D. why

【答案】A

【解析】这里是主语从句后置,it是形式主语。连接词在从句中作表语,且表示什么,故用what

12. It is not always easy for the public to see _______ use a new invention can be of to human life.

A. whose B. what C. which D. that

【答案】B

【解析】to see后接一个宾语从句,连接词在从句中做定语,且表示什么的,故用whatwhat use又在从句中作介词of的宾语。

13. Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

【答案】C

【解析】evidence后接一个后置的同位语从句。连接词在从句中不作成分,也无意义,故用that

14. I’d like to start my own business — that’s ______ I’d do if I had the money.

A. why B. when C. which D. what

【答案】D

【解析】what引导表语从句,并在从句中做do的宾语,表示什么,故用what

15. Our teachers always tells us to believe in ______ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.

A. why B. how C. what D. which

【答案】C

【解析】连接词引导宾语从句,并在从句中作do的宾语,表示什么,故用what

专题08 名词性从句(一)-2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析(解析版)

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